Effect of Sample Size Ratio and Model Misfit When Using the Difficulty Parameter Differences Procedure to Detect DIF

This study examined the effect of sample size ratio and model misfit on the Type I error rates and power of the Difficulty Parameter Differences procedure using Winsteps. A unidimensional 30-item test with responses from 130,000 examinees was simulated and four independent variables were manipulated: sample size ratio (20/100/250/500/1000); model fit/misfit (1 PL and 3PLc =. 15 models); impact (no difference/mean differences/variance differences/mean and variance differences); and percentage of items with uniform and nonuniform DIF (0%/10%/20%). In general, the results indicate the importance of ensuring model fit to achieve greater control of Type I error and adequate statistical power. The manipulated variables produced inflated Type I error rates, which were well controlled when a measure of DIF magnitude was applied. Sample size ratio also had an effect on the power of the procedure. The paper discusses the practical implications of these results.     

世德堂本《西游记》儒释道心学观异同辨析

《西游记》运用比喻象征手法,对儒、释、道三家的＂心学观＂作了形象描绘：即追求儒家＂内圣＂境界的＂正心诚意＂论,印证成佛之路的＂明心见性＂说,阐释道教登仙路径的＂修心炼性＂说。三者相互补充,阐扬了＂三教合一＂的合理性。     

安妮宝贝与宁财神——网络文学的阴阳两极

网络文学发展至今已有20年的历史,产生了一些优秀写手和质量上乘的作品。与传统文学相比,网络文学显示出明显的性别差异,主要表现在小说题材的选择和表现手法等方面。以安妮宝贝和宁财神的小说为例,在题材选择上有言情与言欲的不同;表现方法上有独语与讲述的不同;美学风格上有细腻感伤与粗豪搞笑的不同;在人生态度上有疏离与融入的不同。     

得体--跨文化言语交际的最高准则

在成功的跨文化言语交际中，除语言能力外，交际者还应具备得体地运用语言的能力。交际者必须知道应该在何时、何地，对什么人以何种方式来表达何种内容。谈话的时机、谈话的内容及谈话的方式，在跨文化言语交际中有明显的差异，只有了解这种差异，才能有效、得体地进行跨文化交际。     

思维方式差异在英汉谚语中的体现

谚语是语言的精华。由于中英思维方式的差异，英汉谚语的语言结构形式及文化取向也有所不同。通过英汉谚语的语言结构形式及文化取向不同之处的比较，人们能更好地理解中英思维方式的差异。     

Stability of biases in self-evaluation and relations to well-being among elementary school children

This paper aims to investigate to what extent a bias in self-evaluation is an enduring characteristic among children, and whether there is a relationship between the trajectory of children's self-evaluation bias over a five-year period and their psychosocial adjustment. 462 children (200 boys) in Grade 3 (mean age = 8.6 years old) or Grade 4 (mean age = 9.7 years old) at the outset of the study participated following their parents’ written consent. The group-based approach using a multinomial modeling strategy allowed identifying five groups based on changes in the children's self-evaluation bias over the five-year period. Children in the stable and highly positive bias group stood out as having markedly more positive scores on all indices of psychosocial adjustment, and also outperformed the other children in achievement in language arts and math.     

A Resource Center for Developmental Disabilities

ABSTRACT

The Missouri Developmental Disabilities Resource Center (MDDRC) is an information and referral service located within the Institute for Human Development (IHD) at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. Through its varied informational services, including its website, the Missouri Developmental Disabilities Resource Center is helping to support the independence, productivity, integration and community inclusion of individuals with developmental disabilities and their families.     

赋权增能:我国学龄前残疾儿童运动康复发展路径

运动能有效改善学龄前残疾儿童的动作、认知及社会交往能力,然而,现阶段我国学龄前残疾儿童运动康复"失权""失能"的现象比较严重。因此,基于赋权增能视角,对学龄前残疾儿童运动康复的内涵进行解读,剖析现阶段我国学龄前残疾儿童运动康复工作中存在的问题,并提出未来学龄前残疾儿童运动康复发展的路径:(1)顶层设计,制订专项政策法规;(2)跨界合作,建立多维协作机制;(3)转变职能,打造社会支持平台;(4)整体发展,突出体育学科地位;(5)促进融合,发挥体育游戏的康复效能;(6)夯实基础,创建家庭为中心的康复模式。     

注意力先天发育水平的表现因素及实验研究

为了最大限度的减少后天因素对注意力先天发育水平的影响,以3岁幼儿为研究对象,在分析现有对注意力研究的基础上,提出注意力表现因素测评指标框架;依据注意力共性表现因素并结合3岁幼儿注意力的个性表现,进行了测评指标实验研究。首先,对实验方案进行信度和效度检验,结果表明：本方案有较好的信度与效度;其次,通过对实验结果的性别和年龄差异性分析,认为该被试群体可以作为标准化样本,并对其测试结果进行常模测算;最后,通过西安地区不同水平幼儿园随机抽样的297名被试注意力的常模测算,结果显示,其与理论分布接近,表明这种测评方法具有普适性与可操作性。