历史地理信息的获取与标准化——以上海交通大学馆藏地方历史文献为例

上海交通大学图书馆针对近年来收集的地方历史文献开展了数字化加工工作。如何有效地提取文献蕴含的地理信息并使其标准化,最终实现数字化的展示、利用与分析是工作的难点之一。地理信息经由人工获取,根据研究需求按照分段揭示的原则著录到地域相关的元数据字段中。基于可统计的文献来源,分布集中的文献优先编写代码转换规则,可机读代码避免了语义识别等程序的繁冗。鉴于明清时期行政区划的特点,代码采用"省-县-都-图-村"五级格式,遵照标准化、兼容性、求同性与扩展性的编制原则,以期实现文献关联聚类、信息自动获取与空间可视化等数据化效果,还原地域视角下的历史原貌。     

Digital Inclusion in Library Context: A Perspective from Users with Print Disability

Digital inclusion is a strategy pursued to foster social inclusion of those who have been sidelined from the mainstream of information society due to lack of access to digital technologies and the skills to use them. Libraries have been working to close the gap by providing access to computers, the Internet, digital content, and digital literacy programs. However, research reveals a new type of divide where digitally competent people could be digitally excluded. This shows the need for a better conceptualization of access and literacy. This paper commits to exploring the concept of access to digital content from the perspective of people with print disability. It involved in-depth interviews with ten participants with print disability where the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health was used as a framework for data analysis. The overall analysis shows that digital inclusion would be more meaningful if it involved providing content in alternative formats and empowering users to make informed choices. Issues such as flexibility and adaptability in content presentation and design of content discovery tools are among those discussed.     

Technological research in the EU is less efficient than the world average. EU research policy risks Europeans’ future

We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the e_p index that equals the P_{top 1%}/P_{top 10%} ratio. By using the e_p index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The e_p index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk.     

科技成果转移转化人员收益分配模式的实践与探索——以对中国科学院15家院属单位调研为基础

科技成果转移转化（以下简称“转移转化”）作为实现科技向生产力和经济发展转变的关键,是提升科技创新体系运转效能、发展新质生产力的重要一环。目前,我国促进转移转化的政策内容不断充实、覆盖范围愈加全面,但产学研用衔接难、技术转化比例与效率双低、知识产权运营及转移转化服务专业度不够等直接影响转移转化的难题,仍未得到很好解决。一个重要原因是转移转化人员的收益分配模式不能有效匹配相关人员的工作属性和贡献,从而导致未能充分发挥转移转化人员的专业积极性。本研究从分析现有收益分配模式的问题入手,调研了15家中国科学院院属单位转移转化收益分配情况,对比国外成功案例与中国科学院案例收益分配模式的异同,分析造成收益分配模式不合理的学术和实践原因,提出工作建议,为转移转化工作的提质增效提供新思路。     

Overlay期刊系统构建模式研究

通过对相关研究项目和应用的调研,对基于知识库软件和基于期刊出版软件构建Overlay期刊系统的两种主要模式的技术特点和应用趋势进行简要分析和说明,并提出一种基于OJS和OAI收割服务相结合以构建Overlay期刊系统的基本框架。     

基于XML技术的数字博物馆系统*

首先简要地介绍了XML技术的特点，并在分析现有的数字博物馆系统的缺点及其新需求的同时，结合XML以及SVG、VoiceXML等相关技术的特点，阐述了建立在XML技术基础上的数字博物馆系统需要考虑的诸如系统平台的选择、馆藏内容的数字化、系统的多媒体内容检索及资源共享等方面的内容；本文提出的系统设计方法也可用于数字图书馆和档案馆系统在信息组织、存储、检索、显示等方面的设计。     

数字资源整合研究

数字资源整合是数字资源优化组合的存在状态 ,是把各个相对独立的数字资源结合为一个新的有机整体。整合方式有 :基于OPAC资源系统的整合 ;对相关数据库内的数据对象去除重复信息 ;基于数字图书馆应用系统的整合 ;在OPAC资源整合系统和数字图书馆资源整合系统之间建立多维度关联。参考文献 6。     

一类具连续分布滞量的二阶非线性偏微分方程的振动准则

讨论了一类具连续分布滞量的二阶非线性偏微分方程在Robin,Dirichlet边界条件下解的振动性,获得了解振动的若干充分条件．主要结果由实例加以阐述．     

论"网上图书馆"

阐述了网上图书馆产生的背景,论述了网上图书馆与传统图书馆、数字图书馆在理念上的差别和内在联系,从应用层面阐述了网上图书馆在组织形式和管理模式方面的变革和创新,认为建设网上图书馆是文献资源共建共享的最佳实践。     

基于知识网格的区域数字图书馆建设框架

在讨论网格与Internet/Web差异的基础上,指出区域数字图书馆的建设应以知识网格为基础平台进行。给出了基于知识网格的数字图书馆框架,并分析了框架系统的主要构成模块以及实现的关键技术。