Men and Women Holding Hands Revisited: Effects of Mutual Engagement and Hand Dominance on Attributions of Cross-Sex Handholding

In line with the social meaning orientation to nonverbal behavior, the current study conceptualized handholding as a multidimensional nonverbal cue with the potential to signal relational meaning to outside observers. Results support the hypotheses that individuals attribute varied levels of intimacy to a cross-sex couple based on the mutual engagement of handholding type and the distance between elbows. In addition, the results corroborate observational studies claiming that hand dominance serves to signal relational power distribution. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for our knowledge of handholding as a form of nonverbal communication as well as their implications for the broader theoretical question of how relational meaning is signaled by nonverbal behavior.     

试论体育显性课程与隐性课程的关系

体育显性课程和隐性课程是现代体育课程理论研究的重要课题之一。通过文献研究和逻辑分析 ,探讨了体育显性课程和隐性课程的关系 ,两者在课程目标 ,教育内容 ,组织方法 ,教学过程以及课程评价等方面表现出辩证统一性。     

一种新的进化多目标优化算法中的文档策略

在采用带精英保留策略的进化算法求解多目标优化问题时,我们需要一个文档来保存在进化过程中产生的不被占优的解。当互不占优的解的数量超过文档的大小时,如何在互不占优的解之间取舍将变得非常重要。针对传统的文档更新策略只考虑解的分布性的情况,提出了一种能够同时保证分布性和收敛性的文档更新策略。该文档更新策略以超体积为基础,与目前经典算法NSGA-Ⅱ进行比较,结果表明新算法拥有良好的分布性,同时也较好地保证了收敛性。     

An interactionist perspective on dominance‐submission: Interpersonal dominance as a dynamic,situationally contingent social skill

Dominance‐submission in interpersonal interaction typically has been conceptualized as largely a function of either highly stable characteristics of individual actors (e.g., basic termperament, genetic heritage, fixed social roles) or highly dynamic properties of situations (e.g., relational control sequences). Too, the dominance end of the continuum frequently has been infused with negative connotations. Here it is argued that a more balanced and comprehensive perspective is achieved by conceptualizing interpersonal dominance as influenced by a combination of person, situation, and relationship factors and as including positive qualities that also underwrite social competence. Experimental data relevant to this interactionist perspective were examined for the impacts of one traitlike actor variable (self‐reported social skills), two situational factors (communication format and message goal), and one relationship factor (acquaintanceship) on dominance displays during dyadic interactions. Sender and receiver perceptions were also triangulated with observational data from trained coders. Results support an interactionist conceptualization of dominance.     

The Influences of Brain Dominance and Biological Sex on Emotional Expressivity,Sensitivity, and Control

Nonverbal communication is the primary channel for the communication of emotion. The abilities to express, control, and decode emotions are important social skills. In this study, we investigated the effects of hemispheric brain dominance and sex on emotional social skills, specifically emotional expressivity, sensitivity, and control. Using the measurements of handedness, we classified participants as being standard, mixed, or anomalous dominant. We presumed that hemispheric brain dominance and sex would interact to influence emotional expressivity, sensitivity, and control. Analysis revealed that brain dominance and sex interacted to influence negative emotional expressivity and emotional control. Specifically, mixed dominant (MD) males scored highest in negative emotional expressivity and lowest in emotional control, whereas MD females scored lowest on negative emotional expressivity and second highest on emotional control. In general, MD men and women reported behaviors opposite of traditional sex differences in emotional expression.     

A study of word diversification∗

Argument diagrams, especially Stephen Toulmin's “layout,” have enjoyed wide popularity, but the theoretical assumptions behind the use of such diagrams are very suspect. Diagrams are linguistically biased; they abstract arguments out of social contexts; and it is impossible to clearly define and delimit the phenomena they represent. The disadvantages of their use outweigh any conceptual advantages they might provide, and the rhetorical critic and argumentation theorist are enjoined to eschew their use.     

Bullying as a Display of Social Dominance Orientation

The study employed Social Dominance Theory in a communicative assessment of bullying in secondary education. Participants were 189 college students who completed a survey about their bullying perpetration in secondary school (physical victimization, verbal victimization, social manipulation, and attacks on property) and their current propensity to accept social hierarchy myths (social dominance orientation). Social dominance orientation was correlated positively with all four types of bullying behavior. Moreover, bullies’ sex moderated the relationships between social dominance orientation and physical forms of bullying (physical victimization, attacks on property). For communication scholars assessing bullying, these findings propose that this single variable (social dominance orientation) be included when addressing the psychological underpinnings of bullying behaviors.     

Statistical data analysis for investigating Japanese government subsidy policy for private universities

This paper aims at investigating Japanese government’s subsidy policy for private universities by applying statistical approaches to various types of quantitative data. Firstly, we briefly describe the history of the government subsidy policy to identify the dominant factors behind it and also explain the structure and mechanism of this subsidy. Secondly, by using 2005 data, we try to find influential factors in allocating both general subsidies and special subsidies for private universities. Thirdly, using the data in two periods given as 1975–1979 and 2000–2004, we try to elucidate the structural properties of the subsidy policy by applying correlative rank analyses approaches in order to measure the “dominance power” of the top-ranking subsidy-recipient schools. The results show that the number of faculty members is the most influential for general subsidies, while the number of students is the most dominant variable for special subsidies.     

影响国际科研合作效果的重要因素初探——文献计量学视角

在资源有限的情况下,如何充分发挥国际合作在科学研究中的作用是科研人员和科研管理者关注的重要问题.从文献计量学视角,以中国和美国的化学国际合作论文为对象,从合作程度和合作特征(包括合作对象、合作规模、主导性)两大维度,探讨国际合作论文中不同因素与引用影响的关系.结果 表明,合作对象、合作规模、主导性均影响国际合作效果,两...     

三明格氏栲自然保护区常绿阔叶林物种多样性分析

通过对福建三明格氏栲自然保护区常绿阔叶林9个群丛的物种多样性进行测算,结果表明:保护区内常绿阔叶林物种多样性指数为4.513—2.947;物种均匀度为0.498—0.772;生态优势度为0.049—0.066。并提出了相应的保护建议。