英国首个GES学位学徒制:背景、内容及启示

英国在2015年开始施行学位学徒计划,开展本科层次职业教育,吸引了不少本科院校甚至精英大学的参与。其首个学位级别的"经济学徒计划"依然坚持专业转型带动本科院校发展职业教育,依据职业标准设置课程,实行工学结合的人才培养模式,并采用能力本位的人才评价体系。该计划旨在培养经济类公务员中的高技能人才,引起了政府部门的高度重视,也为我国培养高层次应用型人才提供了可资借鉴的经验:邀请雇主开发职业标准,为课程教学提供依据, 依托工学结合的人才培养模式,深化校企合作, 建立能力本位人才评价体系,合理安排评价方式。     

中英义务教育理科课程学生学习评价的比较研究

本文分析了英国义务教育理科课程评价体系的发展，在此基础上，从评价体系的整体结构、内容设计和内容构成三个方面与我国义务教育理科课程评价体系进行了比较。结果发现我国的评价体系在内容构成上有较大优势，而英国评价体系的整体结构很值得借鉴。     

数字资源长期保存研究在英国

介绍了英国的CAMiLEON、DPRM、CEDARS、FAIR 、MMP和E-PRINT等数个数字资源长期保存研究项目和数字保存联盟（DPC）、数字医疗中心（DCC）等研究机构。     

英国1829年"天主教解放法"论析

完整意义上的1829年天主教解放法案包括两个部分的内容：其一是原则上赋予天主教徒以公民权,其二则是针对天主教徒公民权所作的若干限制性规定或“保障”条款。尽管这些“保障”条款未必实有其效,但其作为整个法案之一部分却并非可有可无。如果说,法案的前一部分内容回应了解决天主教徒公民权问题之紧迫性与必要性,那么,后一部分内容则反映出天主教解放问题之深刻的历史复杂性。事实上,天主教解放问题不只是一个与天主教徒宗教政治命运息息相关的问题,也是一个攸关英国宪法的新教性质、英国国教会的存在及其特权、英格兰民族由来已久的反天主教传统以及新教徒尤其是国教徒的宗教认同及其宗教情感归属等等的重大问题。天主教解放问题所具有的这种复杂性,使得法案设计者们必须尽量权衡各种利害关系,兼顾来自不同方面的多种诉求。惟其如此,我们只有将法案两部分内容视为相互关联的整体,方能同情性地理解法案设计者们的历史处境及其复杂心态。     

中世纪晚期英国乡村工资变迁研究

在对中世纪晚期英国乡村的工资变迁原因的解释中,波斯坦的＂新人口论＂一直占据主导地位。尽管人口模式的解释有一定的合理性,但对于有些问题,它不能给出令人满意的答案。实际上,除了人口变动之外,中世纪晚期的工资变迁是货币供给、法律干预、生活标准变迁、劳资双方的力量对比等多种因素共同作用的结果。     

Quality improvement in early years settings in Hong Kong and England

With a growing awareness of the importance of early childhood education, the governments of Hong Kong and England have both increased investment through providing fee assistance to parents for buying services and providing funding to providers for offering ‘free’ places, respectively. Alongside the increased funding of early childhood education, a heightened interest in the quality of early years settings has arisen. This paper aims to develop a framework for comparative studies by addressing the similarities and differences in quality improvement of both systems. Three key issues are discussed: relevance of the quality criteria for assessment, interpretations of the quality improvement mechanism and its use in guiding practice, and the influence of contextual factors in terms of stakeholders' views of the quality process. It is argued that these key issues are fundamental to a framework for understanding different sociocultural contexts and dynamics in shaping the quality improvement of early childhood education.     

英国盎格鲁-撒克逊时期的政教关系

英国盎格鲁-撒克逊时期是英国初步形成的时期,基督教的传入对英国产生了深远影响,国家和教会在共同利益的基础上,互相合作,互相支持,达到了互利和双赢,使英吉利民族增强了凝聚力。这是英国在宗教改革中没有像某些大陆国家那样因宗教改革而发生分裂,甚至走向内战的原因之一。     

Restructuring teachers’ work‐lives and knowledge in England and Spain

This article explores the restructuring of education in England and Spain. Against a presumably homogeneous global streamlining of educational systems according to competition‐driven goals, the comparison of teachers’ work‐lives and professional knowledge evidences a variety of experiences under‐represented in discourses on global restructuring. Our argument highlights how in England political reforms have worked their way deep into the working lives of professionals, giving rise to a ‘managerial’ model of professionalism, whereas in Spain reforms are more loosely coupled with teachers’ work, favoring a ‘social service’‐oriented model. However, despite the different professional ideals, teachers uniformly stressed the challenges they face were predominantly due to broader social transformations for which policy reforms provided few if any remedies. Our study emphasizes the variety of educational reforms and teachers’ experiences in the European context and argues further educational change should be bound to the historical trajectory and the concrete needs of the professionals in question.     

Comparative study of middle school students’ attitudes towards science: Rasch analysis of entire TIMSS 2011 attitudinal data for England,Singapore and the U.S.A. as well as psychometric properties of attitudes scale

We report here on a comparative study of middle school students’ attitudes towards science involving three countries: England, Singapore and the U.S.A. Complete attitudinal data sets from TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) 2011 were used, thus giving a very large sample size (N?=?20,246), compared to other studies in the journal literature. The Rasch model was used to analyse the data, and the findings have shed some useful light on not only how the Western and Asian students responded on a comparative basis in the various scales related to attitudes but also on the validity, reliability, and unidimensionality of the attitudes instrument used in TIMSS 2011. There may be a need for TIMSS test developers to consider doing away with negatively phrased items in the attitudes instrument and phrasing these positively as the Rasch framework shows that response bias is associated with these statements.     

An analysis of the cultural representation of disability in school textbooks in Iran and England

The paper details the findings of a study which focused on the analysis of the cultural representation of disability in school textbooks in Iran and England. The paper argues that whilst inclusive education could facilitate the incorporating of disabled pupils into mainstream schools, there needs to be deeper examination as to how this transition should take place for children aged 3–13. The paper suggests that in such examinations, school textbooks might be of significance in familiarising non-disabled pupils, teachers and authorities with the issues related to disability and disabled pupils.