完善党员在线学习平台功能的对策探讨

本文分析了我国现行党员干部学习培训模式的局限性,按照邓小平同志“大教育”战略思想,提出以广播电视大学“电大在线”为基础平台,将党员干部教育培训机构与国民教育体系的教学资源予以整合,突出在线学习指导、学习交流以及测评认证等功能,以增强党员干部教育的开放性,为“建设学习型政党”提供一条便捷路径。     

Developing creative thinking in a gifted sport enrichment program and the crucial role of attention processes

A six‐month longitudinal study (N = 33) proved the influence of a diversified sport enrichment program on the development of creative thinking in team ball sports among gifted children. A contrast between a gifted control group and a non‐gifted treatment group showed that the creative performance of the gifted children significantly improved (partial η² = .26). To explain this surprising short‐term effect, a second experiment chose the Inattentional Blindness paradigm to study the individual differences in the visual attention of gifted (n = 54) and non‐gifted children (n = 58). The results of the monitor‐task by Most et al. (2000 Most, S. B., Simons, D. J., Scholl, B. J. and Chabris, C. F. 2000. Sustained inattentional blindness: the role of location in the detection of unexpected dynamic events,. PSYCHE, 6(14): 14–24.  [Google Scholar]) revealed significant differences between both samples in the ‘Near’ condition (delta = .37) but not in the ‘Very far’ condition. The results of both experiments are discussed in connection with further research.     

Lessons from new experiences in extension in West Africa: Management advice for family farms and farmers' governance

The emergence of Management Advice for Family Farms in West Africa is closely related to the increased integration of farmers into an open market economy. This is creating a strong demand from farmers for advisory support services, focusing on management of the farm. With the gradual withdrawal of the State from extension services delivery, a stimulating context exists for reviewing approaches and systems of support delivery facilities for producers. In response to these developments, several experiments based on the concepts of Management Advice for Family Farms are going on in West Africa. Beyond a variety of objectives and implementation procedures analysed in this paper, common features and a considerable degree of consensus on concepts emerge. Strengthening the producers' capacity for assessment, decision-making, and management of their farms is a common objective. Differences exist between procedures for delivery of advice, methods, tools used, and emphasis put on different aspects of management. All experiments stress the importance of training, enhancing group dynamics, and individual learning. They are all farmer and farm family targeted. Expression of farmers' objectives, needs, and demands is essential. Advice is based on data gathering and assessment by the farmers themselves. From mere technicians, extension workers become advisors and facilitators. In all cases, Farmers' Organisations are involved in governing the delivery services, though at different degrees. In several cases priority is given towards strengthening farmers' capacity in the management of delivery at both local and global levels. Significant improvements in farm performances have been reported. Cost sharing is generally accepted, but insufficient to cover all costs. However, to reach sustainability for farmers' driven and governed advice delivery services, innovative agricultural policies, and public finance are needed.     

More than relations between self,others and nature: outdoor education and aesthetic experience

Self, others and nature (environment) have been suggested over numerous decades and in various places as a way of understanding experience in outdoor education. These three elements and the relations between them appear to cover it all. But is this really the final word on understanding experience? In this paper I explore two emphases within experience expressed by Peirce that offer differing ways of understanding experience: in one emphasis self, others and nature are submerged and not discerned; in the other they appear as the three familiar and related elements. The first emphasis is phenomenological and focused on a simple whole; the other is pragmatic and concerned with a total whole (elements in a totality). The key distinction here is that between something simple (one-fold) and something total (manifold). For Heidegger the difference between these is the ontological difference, where the two differing emphases are be-ing (verb) and beings (noun); or, expressed in another way, phenomenological thinking and calculative thinking. For Dewey these two emphases are revealed as aesthetic and reflective experience, both connected via inquiry. Awareness of this difference and connection suggests that issues involving self, others and nature as elements emerge from and return to the aesthetic ways of being (or occupations) that we build through our programme design and conduct. Relations between self, others and nature are submerged within these ways of being, highlighting how our programme design and conduct does not merely concern activities (including reflective activities), but involves building ways of being.     

Resistance in action learning: struggling with self-efficacy and the social Self – and what about the set advisor?

This account of practice explores the concept of resistance in action learning. Resistance is conceptualized as an attempt of self-protection that is manifested in action learners' struggles with their sense of self-efficacy and their social Self. These struggles are an inherent part of the action learning process and may elicit defensive undercurrents that constrain learning. I contribute to debates on criticality in action learning by recognizing the centrality of resistance as a source of learning for participants and set advisors. The intended contribution of this paper is to illuminate the importance of engaging with these limiting processes which can spark a powerful learning experience that reverberates long after the action learning programme has finished. Furthermore, I reflect on the opportunities this alternative view on resistance may provide for us as action learning facilitators and discuss how we may incorporate these reflections in our practice.     

英语专业和非英语专业学生英语写作难点自我概念调查研究

本研究问卷调查了408名英语专业一至四年级学生以及362名非英语专业二年级学生在英语写作过程中所感受到的困难,并比较英语专业学生以及非英语专业学生对写作难点自我概念的异同。调查结果表明,英语专业学生和非英语专业学生都认为语言和内容是写作中最难的,英语专业学生对写作难点的认知随年级的不同而不同;非英语专业学生对语言方面的困难感受最深,且男女生对写作难点自我概念的差异较大。研究认为在写作教学中应对不同年级、不同性别的学生采取不同的英语写作教学方法才能取得良好的教学效果。     

Turning the soul: Nurturing the inner lives of student teachers

Abstract

This article describes activities and experiences that encourage students to construct and reconstruct knowledge of self and teaching through community building and reflective practices. Following the assumption that teacher education should focus on the human and ethical dimensions of teaching, and the conscious development of a sense of self, specifically the inner self, the author makes the claim that teaching is an act of “soul turning,” or self‐transformation. When students of teaching are given opportunities to reflect on who they are in the context of their teaching and in relationships with others, possibilities exist for the development of greater self‐understanding and awareness. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.     

大一学生英语自主学习调查与分析——以海南医学院为例

调查分析86名海南医学院大一学生,以了解其英语自主学习情况,并探讨其影响因素和提高途径。结果发现:大一学生英语自主学习行为具有多样化特征,学习内容仍然以教材和教师布置的任务为主,学习方式主要是做练习题和机械记忆。造成这一现象的主要原因是自我效能感不足、元认知策略和社会/情感策略应用不足。合作学习、同伴评价和有针对性的策略训练有助于学生提升自我效能感,优化学习行为以促进英语自主学习,使学生成为高效的学习者。     

情境因素对成人自我导向学习的影响分析

自我导向学习作为成人学习的一个重要部分,基于成人自我导向学习中存在的问题,从情境学习理论的视角重新审视成人自我导向学习的影响因素。本文分析了各种情境因素如何影响成人自我导向学习,其中成人的年龄、心理素质、受教育程度、目标价值、学习策略等内在因素及外部压力、学习任务的难度水平、学习环境、榜样、学习资源等外部因素作为调节变量影响着成人自我导向学习效果。以期帮助成人学习者构建积极的内外情境因素,促进成人更好地进行自我导向学习。     

“意境论”的儒道释思想表现

意境,这一传统诗学中最重要的美学范畴,即是"儒道释"思想共同作用的理论典范。"儒道释"三家思想为意境丰富审美形态的形成做了最基础的哲理准备,在它们既区别又融合的发展中丰富了意境的审美内涵。