Non-formal vocational education in Uganda: Practical empowerment through a workable alternative

This article reflects on the potential of non-formal vocational education in Uganda to improve the quality of life of those excluded from formal education. Based on an exploration of humanizing development theorists Sen, Freire and Nyerere, together with two case studies, practical empowerment is described as a desirable outcome of education for development. Practical empowerment includes acquiring marketable skills as well as capabilities to critically give direction to one's life. Although education leading to this outcome is desirable for all, non-formal vocational education can reach those currently excluded from formal education, thus enhancing their empowerment by equipping them with useful skills and knowledge.     

大学英语自主学习影响因素之探究

本文以绵阳师范学院非英语专业大学生的大学英语自主学习为研究基石,从六个层面探究了自主学习的影响因素,研究数据表明:学生最喜欢的老师角色是个体差异的发现者和指导者;学生对听说网络资源有较强的补充要求;学生的计算机操作技能严重影响着自主学习的效果;学生与老师的互动比较差;笔者根据得到的数据提出了解决此类问题的方案.     

Resource allocations, knowledge network characteristics and entrepreneurial orientation of multinational corporations

This paper analyses entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in multinational corporations (MNCs) and develops a new typology of MNC EO based on combining R&D and asset growth investment intensities as orthogonal resource allocations. A cluster analysis of US MNCs on these two dimensions reveals three types of entrepreneurial stance: conservative, aggressive-asset growth and balanced. Internal knowledge network characteristics are shown to vary by stance, with more aggressive stances linked to knowledge governance supportive of the entrepreneurship process. In linking entrepreneurial orientation to the knowledge network of the MNC, this paper identifies factors important to the strategic management and on-going renewal of MNCs. In addition, the vector of R&D investment vs. asset growth investment is an indicator of entrepreneurial aggression and presents a new method of understanding the international strategies of MNCs.     

A national systems view of university entrepreneurialism: Inferences from comparison of the German and US experience

Examining parallels in the long-term evolution of the German and US university systems, this paper formulates hypotheses about the rise and decline of university entrepreneurialism at the national level. Three macro-level antecedents of university entrepreneurialism are identified: (1) decentralized competition; (2) latitude in mission and revenue mix; (3) a nationwide, diversified bidding system for the funding of large-scale university-based research. Of these, the third is real lynchpin of university entrepreneurialism. Arguing for a multidimensional understanding of such entrepreneurialism (i.e. beyond just the commercialization of scientific discoveries), the paper identifies three developments within universities emanating from a favorable national environment: (1) organizational innovations for achieving economies of scope; (2) an institutionalized capacity for strategic selection of research foci; and (3) a capacity to contribute to the development of new industries. The analysis suggests that as national university systems grow and run into cost containment problems, political pressures for reform increase, leading to system homogenization; system homogenization weakens the contextual sources of entrepreneurialism and triggers a process of decline.     

初创企业孵化器运营绩效评价的实证研究——创业生态系统视角

从创业生态系统视角,运用数据包络方法,对选取的12家初创企业孵化器运营效率进行评价,发现初创企业孵化器存在生态系统资源互补性差、开放共享性差、服务团队专业能力弱等问题,严重影响其效率的提升。从优化生态系统战略布局、优化生态系统能力结构、打造开放兼容的生态服务系统和建立专业品牌名声等方面提出改进措施。     

《新目标(Go for it!)》Self Check部分阅读教学的新尝试

初中英语教材<新目标(Go for it!)>课本中Self Check部分的阅读材料从八年级开始难度越来越大,教师们处于两难的地步:如果做精读处理,则课时不足;如果做泛读处理,则单元中大部分的新词汇都来自这篇文章,不能保证课程标准词汇要求的教学质量和数量.如何更好地利用这些材料.有效地为教学目标服务是一个值得探讨的问题.     

Perception of competence: risk and protective predictors following an e‐self‐advocacy intervention for adolescents with learning disabilities

The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of competence among adolescents with learning disabilities (LD) who participated in a virtual supported self‐advocacy programme within the risk and protective paradigm. The sample consisted of 374 adolescents with and without learning disabilities, students of the 7th to 9th grades, at 15 schools across Israel. The adolescents were divided into three groups, matched by age and gender: 111 adolescents with LD who participated in a five‐month virtual‐supported intervention, and two comparison groups: adolescents with LD (N = 115) who did not participate in the program and adolescents without LD (N = 148). The self‐perceptions of adolescents were assessed using the following questionnaires: basic psychological skills (competence and relatedness); hope and loneliness. Following the intervention, higher competence scores were reported by students with LD who participated in the programme. At that time (the end of the academic year), the predictors of the groups of students with LD for the competence measure were their level of competence at the beginning of the period, their belonging to the group who participated in the intervention, their loneliness and hope. Comparisons with predictors of the group of students without LD, and with predictors of competence at the beginning of the year, emphasized the importance of risk factors (loneliness) and the protective factors (hope) for students with LD. In addition, the results focused attention at the contribution of the participation in an e‐supported self advocacy programme for enhancing competence among students with LD.     

从自我效能感视角谈全日制自考助学生辍学问题

近年来,自考生流失现象愈演愈烈,这一现象不仅加大了办学机构对自考生的管理难度,对我国高等教育的长足发展也带来了一定的影响。自考生辍学的影响因素主要有:客观上的学习氛围及主观心理承受能力差、难以摆脱内心失败经历的阴影及缺乏外界情感支持。加强师生沟通及激励机制建设、重视情感关怀及心理健康教育对于遏制自考生辍学现象有着重要的意义。本文将从自我效能感的主体作用出发来探析影响自考生辍学的因素,深入研究一般自我效能感和自考生辍学之间的潜在联系,并提出相关建议与对策。     

组织学习对管理创新和技术创新的影响研究:创业导向的调节作用

本文分析了组织学习与管理创新和技术创新的关系及创业导向对该关系的调节作用。研究发现:探索性学习和管理创新正相关;应用性学习与管理创新和技术创新都正相关。创业导向正向调节探索性学习与技术创新及应用性学习与管理创新的关系。     

寻找建构“真我”的教师话语伦理——交往行动在教师专业生活中的意义

哈贝马斯的交往行动理论代表教育研究＂语言学转向＂影响下的一种实践认识论。在科层制和后现代状况交替影响的中国当下学校生活情境中,教师的＂自我认同＂要么被割裂为相互孤立的领域,要么被视作无法把握的虚幻的对象,其共同结果是教师自我的迷失。交往行动在帮助教师寻找和建构真实的自我方面具有其他行动模式不可替代的作用。通过交往行动达成教师自我认同的形成和发展,教师个人和学校机构的话语伦理必须以理性的、寻找＂真我＂的对话规则为基础。