Professional role expectations and related feelings when solving pedagogical dilemmas: a comparison of pre- and in-service teachers

This study investigated teachers’ professional identity development. Using Dialogical Self Theory and a socio-cultural semiotic mediational perspective, we focused on pre- and in-service teachers’ communication of professional role expectations and related feelings when solving pedagogical dilemmas to reveal aspects of their professional identity construction. Data were collected from 102 pre- and 90 in-service teachers by asking them to solve seven pedagogical dilemmas. We report: (1) how pre- and in-service teachers solved pedagogical dilemmas in terms of communicating professional role expectations and related feelings; (2) how pre- and in-service teachers differed in the feelings they reported and the solutions they gave when solving pedagogical dilemmas; and (3) how the communication of professional role expectations and feelings was related to pre- and in-service teachers’ work experience. Finally, we discuss the implications of our study for initial and continuing teacher education programmes.     

个税自行纳税申报制度的实施条件及对策分析

实施个人所得税自行纳税申报应该具备一系列制度和环境条件,其中包括发达的税务代理业、浓厚的纳税意识、高效便捷的征管手段、个税制度设计的公平性和公共品的公平享受、健全的法律制度等。但是,这些条件在我国还不够完备。因此,应当尽快采取有效措施予以完善,才能保证个人所得税自行纳税申报制度的顺利实施。     

Metacognitive development and moving away

It is now largely accepted that social and cultural factors have a significant impact on cognitive development in children. Piaget acknowledged the impact of social factors and peer interaction on cognitive development. However, there has been relatively little work on the impact of social and cultural factors on the development of metacognition in first‐year university students. Using the Learning and study strategies inventory (LASSI) as a measure of metacognition, this study samples first‐year undergraduates in Hong Kong (N = 1815) and identifies significant differences in metacognitive abilities between students living in their home environment and those who have moved away from their family and, in some cases, culture, to pursue undergraduate education.     

经济双循环新格局下创业型大学科研创新组织与平台建设的效能提升路径

在国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进新发展格局加速形成的新常态下，创业型大学建设科研创新组织与平台过程中面临着创新层次较低、驱动力度不足、适配治理欠缺和顶层设计滞后等新问题。为了进一步提升创业型大学科研创新组织的建设效能，助推区域经济与产业高质量发展，在高校学科与科研平台建设过程中应活跃基础研究，培育新科研增长点；集成协同优势，升级构筑学科平台；引育高端人才，着力人才驱动抓手；优化绩效评价，追求全价值链转化。     

中国大学生创业环境与政策问题研究

在大学生就业市场竞争日益激烈的今天,中国许多的大学生纷纷选择自主创业,相比考研究生,考公务员而言,此条道路亦充满着艰难与坎坷。从象牙塔走出来的大学生,如何在创业过程中趋利避害,扬长补短,是整个学校和社会一直在关心和关注的问题。近年来,政府各部门颁布了一系列针对大学生创业的优惠政策,成为了大学生选择是否进行创业的一个重要"风向标",在一定程度上,影响着大学生自主创业的热情和积极性,激发或阻碍着大学生个人能力和潜能的发挥。大学生创业是在主观能动性和外部环境两种因素共同作用下推动前进的。     

University spin-out companies and venture capital

The creation of university spin-out companies that create wealth is a major policy objective of governments and universities. Finance is a catalyst of this wealth creation yet access to venture capital is a major impediment faced by these companies. In this article we adopt a finance pecking order perspective to examine the problems faced by those university spin-out companies seeking to access venture capital. We triangulate evidence from spin-out companies, university technology transfer offices and venture capital firms in the UK and Continental Europe to identify the problems and to suggest policy developments for these parties as well as government. We compare perceptions of high-tech venture capital firms that invest in spin-outs with those that do not, and also consider VCs’ views on spin-outs versus other high-tech firms. Our evidence identifies a mismatch between the demand and supply side of the market. In line with the pecking order theory, venture capitalists prefer to invest after the seed stage. However, in contrast to the pecking order theory, TTOs see venture capital as more important than internal funds early on. We develop policy implications for universities, technology transfer offices, academic entrepreneurs, venture capital firms and government and suggest areas for further research.     

The role of creativity and proactivity on perceived entrepreneurial desirability

The study tested the extent to which perceived desirability mediates the effects of student creativity and proactivity on entrepreneurial intent. Participants were 199 engineering and business university students from Greek Universities. Results using Structural Equation Modelling indicated that perceived desirability fully mediates the relationship of student creativity, proactivity and entrepreneurial intent. Additionally, proactivity was found to be related to creativity. The findings have implications for explaining perceived entrepreneurial desirability and direct attention on creativity as an essential competence in the entrepreneurial process.     

教师应多给学生一点自尊

自尊是自我尊重并且期望得到他人的尊重，教师教育学生就应该尊重学生。多给学生一点自尊，就是多给他们一种自我教育的机会。     

资源管理过程、创业导向与中小企业绩效关系研究

资源管理是中小企业发展的基础,创业导向是中小企业成长的重要推动力量,它们与企业绩效的关系在资源和创业领域一直备受关注。本文基于203家中小企业,探究创业导向在资源管理过程与中小企业绩效关系中的影响和作用机制,分析结果显示:创业导向在资源获取与中小企业绩效之间起到显著的调节作用;在资源整合与中小企业绩效关系中影响不显著;在资源利用与中小企业绩效关系中影响也不显著。基于以上发现,本文进行了分析讨论并给出了对管理实践的启示,试图为解释我国中小企业的创业战略决策提供理论和实证支持。     

氢原子中的d电子轨道角动量算符及其本征矢的矩阵表示

运用表象理论讨论了氢原子中的d电子轨道角动量算符及L^2,Lx算符本征矢在Lx表象中的矩阵表示,解决了Lx和Ly本征矢的问题,并将它们写成了θ和φ的函数．