国礼:民国时期《四库全书》的新身份

影印《四库全书》是民国政界、出版界、图书馆界的一桩公案。从1920年应法国总理班乐卫倡议、总统徐世昌首次正式下令翻印《四库全书》,到1935年最终印成《四库全书珍本初集》,这一过程十分曲折。在分批出版后,《珍本初集》即被国民政府分赠诸国。目前国内外学术界日益重视作为物质的书籍在不同时空中的流通与传播,本文即着眼于《四库全书》的物质性,重点考察了其作为国礼在民国时期的翻印出版及对外赠送过程。     

1950年代文学政治化的形成及其实现途径

第一次文代会制定的文艺政策,对1950年代文学政治化的形成产生了决定性影响。无论是1950年代初期关于这一问题的尚存学理的讨论,还是中期＂百花时代＂的＂争鸣＂,以至后期的彻底政治化,其实质都是为文学寻找一条更好地适应政治的途径和策略。究其原因,一是民族国家的新建需要文学力量的介入,因为它对文学力量的需要远远超过它对文学性质的兴趣;二是处于民族国家新建中的个体热情高涨,在造就集体的狂欢时,不自觉中将文学政治化而无暇顾及文学的自身。     

《普通话异读词审音表》重修方案探讨

《审音表》的重修方案可以从三个方面着手:一是异读词意义几乎没有区别的要尽量统读;二是语音差异基本不构成异读的可以统读;三是语音语义有较大差异的可以分批解决。     

论周作人的散文源流观

周作人的散文理论主要集中在他的《〈中国新文学大系.散文一集〉导言》中,他的散文观念是发展的：早期主要以英国小品文为模范,后到晚明的传统中寻根,直到认为现代的理想散文应当是既有外援又有内应,他的散文逐渐从简单走向成熟。这一成熟的散文理论是在对五四启蒙精神的认同和反思的背景中形成的,他将自己对西方个性主义的向往和中国传统的士大夫的为文方式融汇起来,在散文理论及创作领域内成功示范了如何协调矛盾的甚至是异质的文化因素。     

Predicting ELL students’ beginning first grade English oral reading fluency from initial kindergarten vocabulary, letter naming, and phonological awareness skills

The precursors of early English reading success have been widely studied for native English-speaking students, and those findings have been generalized to the English language learner (ELL) student population. However, the development of English language acquisition may be different for ELL students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive role of English letter naming fluency, initial sound fluency, and vocabulary skills at the time of kindergarten entry for first grade English oral reading fluency and to examine the variability in language and literacy skills of ELL students by their demographic characteristics. The data for this study came from the Progress Monitoring and Reporting Network (PMRN), and were collected from Florida's Reading First schools. Letter Naming Fluency, Initial Sound Fluency, and Oral Reading Fluency components of Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test were used as measures. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to analyze the curvilinear growth of ELL students’ first grade oral reading fluency. The results of this study revealed that kindergarten English letter naming fluency was the best predictor and vocabulary skills were the second best predictor of oral reading fluency in the first grade, followed by initial sound fluency. On average, male ELL students compared to female ELL students, ELL students eligible for free or reduced price lunch eligibility (FRPL) compared to those not eligible for FRPL, and Hispanic ELL students compared to White ELL students read fewer words at the beginning of the first grade and showed a slower growth rate. English oral reading fluency scores of Asian ELL students were the highest.     

The Swiss Willensnation at risk: teachers in the cultural gap during the First World War

As a neutral and multilingual country, Switzerland struggled with major domestic political conflicts during the First World War due to the two cultures of the French-speaking and German-speaking parts of the country. The divided cultural loyalties (‘fossé moral’, ‘Röstigraben’), consisting of Swiss-Germans supporting Germany and Swiss-French supporting France, were discussed intensively in both of the main teachers’ journals in Switzerland. Teachers felt the need to react and to promote unity from the beginning of the war. Despite the fact that the cantons are responsible for public education and, therefore, for the education of their students, teachers considered themselves called to educate their students to be national citizens rather than to be members of a language group. This threefold citizenship – communal, cantonal and national – was not scrutinised, but national unity became crucial due to the critical political circumstances. How did teachers promote and constitute citizenship for themselves and for their students in a nation united by free will during the First World War, a time of severe internal political conflicts?     

学校体育“健康第一”指导思想的由来及对学校体育改革的意义

文章运用文献资料研究法,分析了健康第一指导思想的萌发、发展、被重新提出这三个阶段,指出毛泽东提出的健康第一、增强人民体质、三育两有这三个递进式的重大意义,进一步提出健康第一指导思想对今日学校体育改革的积极意义     

‘It’s in the Blood,isn’t it?’ The Contested Status of First World War Veterans in Second World War Civil Defence

This article examines how ex-servicemen’s memories of the First World War shaped their experience of working in civil defence during the Second. In response to ongoing public criticism of civil defence as a whole and a dismissive attitude towards veterans in particular, these men expressed a distinct form of ‘useful masculinity’, rooted in their combat experience and developed within the particular context of civil defence. I will argue that through the group setting in which remembering took place, veterans were able to oppose dominant cultural narratives and to develop and express these alternative narratives about their value.     

一场欢喜忽悲辛叹人世终难定——析《红楼梦》凤姐的判词

“一从”的意义,应该是凤姐对贾母与王夫人的顺从或对上的顺从。这一特征在整部《红楼梦》中几乎无处不在。“二令”的意义,当然是指凤姐对下的使令。与第一点一样,这一点也几乎贯穿了整部小说。“三人木”的意义其实极为清晰,人木合一,休也。不过这里的休并不是凤姐被贾琏休弃,前已论及,贾琏根本没有休妻的必要。“休”乃是万事皆休的意思。与休妻没有半点关系。     

洛特卡定律在合著者及全体著者中的验证研究

以往对洛特卡定律的验证研究基本仅局限于第一著者,随着科研合作的日益频繁,科学论文合著指标的不断提高,对于合著者及全体著者的著文分布规律的研究就显得越来越重要,本文研究表明合著者及全体著者的科学生产率频率分布均符合洛特卡定律。