The present status of library services to children and young adults in Japanese public libraries and their future

ABSTRACT

Both Children’s services and Young Adult (YA) services have been recognized as essential in Japanese public libraries. This article reports on the present status of Children’s services and YA services in Japanese public libraries, based on the results of several investigations. These studies show that children’s services in Japanese public libraries already are generally popular. On the other hand, this article indicates that YA services in Japanese public libraries are gradually improving, due to the national recognition of the importance of YA library services. Examples of good practices in Children’s and YA services in Japanese public libraries are described and analyzed to identify the common themes that flow through these innovations. This article concludes with observations about the future involving library services for children and YAs, from the viewpoints of face-to-face traditional services and indirect services through their official websites.     

高校图书馆基于Open Access学术信息交流服务刍议

OA是一种全新理念的网络出版模式和学术信息交流模式.论文探讨了高校图书馆学术信息交流在OA环境中所面临的机遇和挑战,具体分析了OA的影响,以及高校图书馆应如何利用OA提升服务能力和质量.     

论大革命对法国工业化的影响

1789年至1794年的大革命对于法国政治和经济的发展来说都是重要的分水岭。它摧毁了旧制度,确立了以自由经济为基础的新经济秩序。然而大革命并没有改变法国经济的前工业化的性质,反而进一步加强了小农所有制,滋生了单子个人主义的价值观念,给法国工业化带来了极为不利的影响。     

Collecting and Applying Usability Data from Distance Learners

ABSTRACT

Growth of their college's off-campus and online course offerings led librarians at SUNY Oswego to run usability tests with off-campus students to compensate for a lack of responses from this population during earlier usability testing. Constraints on testing with off-campus students included lack of funding and librarian time, as well as difficulty in attracting student participation. A brief usability study that could be completed by students in the first 10 minutes of class was devised, consisting of a first click test, a survey question, and a top task analysis activity. The study was conducted with 22 students from a satellite-campus Master's in Education program. Discussion includes selecting appropriate tests, analysis of study results, and application of data for improving Website design and information literacy instruction in an academic library.     

基于链接分析的中国科协网站影响力评价

对目前中国科协系统网站的影响力进行评价、分析和排名,了解各地科协对信息化的重视程度和运用互联 网的能力水平、推动科普信息化建设。本文以中国科协及各地方科协的官方网站为评价对象,基于链接分析法对其影 响力进行评价研究和分析排名,并从影响力的表现和分布两方面呈现评价结果。研究结果表明：中国科协网站影响力 远远领先于地方科协网站,地方科协网站中北京科协网站影响力最大。最后提出,地方经济发展水平是影响科协网站 影响力的重要因素之一但非决定性因素,各地科协应继续加强网站建设水平,顺应“互联网+”潮流、把握时代机遇。     

Some Consequences of Prompting Novice Physics Students to Construct Force Diagrams

We conducted a series of experiments to investigate the extent to which prompting the construction of a force diagram affects student solutions to simple mechanics problems. A total of 891 university introductory physics students were given typical force and motion problems under one of the two conditions: when a force diagram was or was not prompted as part of the solution. Results indicated that students who were prompted to draw the force diagram were less likely to obtain a correct solution than those who were not prompted to solve the problem in any particular way. Analysis of the solution methods revealed that those students prompted to use a diagram tended to use the formally taught problem‐solving method, and those students not prompted to draw a force diagram tended to use more intuitive methods. Students who were prompted to draw diagrams were also more likely to depict incorrect forces. These results may be explained by two factors. First, novice students may simply be more effective using intuitive, situational reasoning than using new formal methods. Second, prompting the construction of a force diagram may be misinterpreted by the student as a separate task, unrelated to solving the problem. For instruction, the results of this study imply that ignoring students’ prior abilities to solve problems and their necessary developmental stages in learning formal problem‐solving techniques may lead to serious mismatches in what is taught and what is intended to be learned.     

Editor's Choice 2002 selected online learning resources

The Editor-in-Chief of The Internet and Higher Education compiles for the last issue of each year's volume resources that may be useful for researchers, teachers, administrators, or students who wish to locate information about the field of online learning and the uses of the Internet for instructional delivery. Resources are organized into several categories.     

过度投资与自由现金流关系的实证研究——结合中国上市公司数据

为了考察过度投资和自由现金流的关系,对过度投资和自由现金流进行以会计资料为基础的量化,使得过度投资与自由现金流能够可以根据会计报表的数据推算,结合5030个中国A股上市公司2000-2006年的样本统计数据,验证Jensen的自由现金流量假说,并从成长机会、上市公司过度投资的计量和上市公司“过度投资”与自由现金流的敏感性三个方面进行了稳健性检验．实证研究表明,自由现金流为正的公司确实更容易发生过度投资行为,过度投资程度与自由现金流量水平正相关．     

Center for Czechoslovak Exile Studies in Olomouc: Survey of the Past Twenty Years of Activity (1993–2013)

The article describes activities of the Center for Czechoslovak Exile Studies in Olomouc particularly for the period 2004–2013. During this period the center acquired many significant archival collections.     

Archiving the Russian and East European Lesbian,Gay, Bisexual,and Transgender Web, 2013: A Pilot Project

This article focuses on the conceptualization and implementation of a web archiving pilot project of selected Russian and East European lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) websites by the University of California, Berkeley. It introduces the use of the Web Archiving Services (WAS) platform developed by the California Digital Library. While identifying the criteria used to harvest these websites, the paper also describes various complexities associated with the viability of projects related to such complex social and political issues as the Russian and Eastern European LGBT rights movements. The article does not take an ideological stance with respect to legal issues, but rather strives to preserve information for academic research.