From the Institutionalisation of ‘All Disabilities’ to Comprehensive Sports Integration: France Joining the Paralympic Movement (1954–2012)

This article presents the institutional implications and ideologies in the organisation of a Sports Movement for the disabled, whether a physical or sensory handicap, and focusing particular attention on its development in France, linked with international structures. The emergence and development in France of sports organisations for the disabled is based on a different model from that introduced in England by Guttmann through the Stoke Mandeville Games. From the 1960s, both trends, one supported by physicians and the other by individuals concerned with disabilities, structured the International Movement as a contest of negotiations and competition. The objective of rehabilitating paraplegics put in place at Stoke Mandeville gradually gave way to a sport rational and the integration of all types of disability within the Movement. The desire to unite in a single organisation was the driving force of the Movement in its search for dual recognition, on the one hand, as the representative of all physical and sensory deficiencies and, on the other, by the able-bodied sports councils and, in particular, the International Olympic Committee. However, this raised a number of issues inherent to any deficiency when taking into account its specific peculiarities.     

关于全校公共选修课《法国文化》的几点思考——基于黄山学院的问卷与统计分析

培养学生的文化素养,提高学生跨文化交际能力是国家培养复合型人才的应有之义。法国文化课程的开设,也是黄山学院落实教育部全面提高高等教育质量政策,传承弘扬中华优秀传统文化,吸收借鉴世界优秀文明成果的体现。此次问卷调查结果表明,学生对法国文化有浓厚的兴趣,如何把兴趣变成行动,切实提高学生的文化素养正是要解决的问题。     

法国学校课程的个性化诉求

法国当前课程改革的一个重要核心理念是"为了每一位学生的发展",这一理念从学校不同学段设置的课程目标、课程结构、课程内容等方面都反映了出来。法国在学校课程管理中努力实现中央集权与地方分权相统一,同时设置丰富的选修课程以满足学生的不同兴趣和多样化需求,最终促使课程改革彰显对个性化教育的重新理解。     

多媒体在法语听力课堂教学中的应用

运用计算机辅助语言教学是促进法语听力教学模式改革的必要手段之一。本文探讨利用多媒体手段将单一的听力课堂改变成丰富的视听课堂,以此调动学生的听力学习兴趣以达到提高学生听力学习效果和提高法语听力课堂教学质量的目的。     

论法国高等学校的科学研究与科技园区建设

从高校科研在国家科研体系中的地位、高校科研管理与科研经费、校企合作及高校科技园区建设等方面,介绍法国高校科研的发展政策和实践状况。     

1949年前徐州的加拿大法裔耶稣会士及相关资料评介(二)

三、盛世音与他的《加拿大人在中国》在拙作的前一部分①,笔者对徐州的加拿大法裔耶稣会士所创办的《匪徒》杂志进行了较详细的评介,现在再来谈传教士的个人著述方面的资料。由于篇幅的局限,笔者在此只选择这方面较具备代表性的著述———盛世音(Eouard Lafor-tune)的《加拿大人在中国———加拿大耶稣会传教区徐州府概况》②一书进行介绍。盛神甫于1925年来到徐州,1928年被任命为当地加拿大耶稣会士负责人,为期3年(1928-1931),他在此传教直到1932年去世。此书就是他在任期间所完成的著作。他为什么写此书?他在前言中这样写道:有关徐州的传…     

二战后萨尔问题与法德和解

萨尔问题是在法国全面肢解德国的政策失败后凸显出来的,是二战后法德关系中的一个敏感问题,牵扯到法德和解的各个环节。法国在大的国际局势的变动下,不断改变自己对德政策的立场,直到最终放弃萨尔,实现与德和解。     

法国农业现代化透视及其对我国农业的启示

在我国现代化建设进程中，农业现代化建设明显滞后，要在21世纪上半叶完成传统农业向现代农业的转型，任务十分艰巨。该文通过对法国一个多世纪来农业现代化进程及其演进特点的分析，得出若干启示，这对我们拓展关于“三农”问题的认识和研讨有所裨益，对加速我国农业现代化建设具有借鉴意义。     

Philosophy as Literature

How best to introduce philosophical ideas? Is the best and only way by studying the history of philosophy and its rational arguments and discussions? But can literature, usually hived off from philosophy, be used instead and can this be as effective as rational argument? This paper explores these questions. First it considers a text which introduces philosophy through the analysis of literature, in particular James Joyce's 'Araby', arguing that the traditional analytic approach employed by the text, by concentrating on epistemology, obscures other philosophical insights offered by Joyce. It then turns to French philosophy and literature and suggests that Sartre, Beauvoir and Camus by 'blurring' the analytic distinction between philosophy and literature have much to offer to the grasping and understanding of philosophical ideas and principles.     

关于高校第二外语（法语）的教学思考

本文在分析高校第二外语（法语）课程教学现状的基础上,针对教学中存在的问题,笔者结合自身的教学体会,予以归纳总结,提出了一些关于提高二外法语教学质量和优化教学效果的思考。