The Relationship Between Undergraduate Attendance and Performance Revisited: Alignment of Student and Instructor Goals

We revisit the relationship between attendance and performance in the undergraduate university setting and apply agency theory in the instructor–student context. Building on agency theory propositions in the educational setting advanced by Smith, Zsidisin, and Adams (2005) , we propose that the student and instructor must align goals to promote the student's achievement of performance learning outcomes, and attendance functions as a behavior‐based alignment mechanism to encourage the convergence of faculty and student interests. Further, we propose that attendance does not equally affect lower‐ and higher‐performing students and that absences are also negatively related to students' cumulative grade point average. We test these hypotheses with data from undergraduates enrolled in management courses at a state university in the southeast. Our results show that attendance is positively related to exam performance, there are more pronounced negative effects of an absence for lower‐performing students than for higher performers, and absences are negatively related to a student's cumulative grade point average. We discuss the implications of our findings for students, instructors, and universities as well as practice in teaching and learning.     

论新升本科师范院校就业核心竞争力的形成

文章详细分析了当前大学毕业生的就业形势,指出了大学毕业生所面临的就业压力将会越来越重,就业竞争也会越来越激烈;同时也对新升本师范院校在高校群体中的特殊地位、其毕业生的特点、在就业竞争中的处境、地位等进行了分析。文章还对大学毕业生的就业核心竞争力进行了定义;着重论述了在目前十分严峻的就业形势下,新升本师范院应该从"抓紧师范教育的主线"、"把握用人市场的脉搏"、"创新教育方法,改进实习方式和延长实习时间"、"对学生加强健康又切合实际的就业观宣传"等四个方面来形成自己的就业核心竞争力,在使自己培养的毕业生在就业竞争中立于不败之地。     

贵州高等师范院校汉语言文学专业学生培养模式现状剖析

现行高等师范院校汉语言文学专业学生培养模式,不适应21世纪基础教育课程改革语文教师专业化的要求,具体表现为在学生培养模式上对学生职前语文教师专业化培养目标认识不到位;追求综合性、宽就业,淡化了师范性,大大削弱了学生职前语文教师专业化培养;同时,传统课程设置与结构也不适应学生职前语文教师专业化培养。     

普通教育机构内低幼儿童语言障碍情况的调查报告

本研究采用分层抽样法，在江苏省南京地区调查了年龄为4～9岁的112O名儿童。结果分析中我们看到，在这些普教机构中，儿童语言障碍的平均发生率是4．02％；学龄前儿童语言障碍发生率略高于学龄儿童；其中男童的比率明显高于女童，前者4．93％，后者2．93％。同时发现，尽管学科教师普遍赞同对语言障碍儿童进行各种特殊治疗，但这些儿童仅有17．8％接受过语言矫治。因此我们呼吁，全社会都来关注语言障碍儿童的研究，并期待一完整的特殊教育体系，满足语言障碍儿童需要。     

Role of recognition of prior learning for emerging economies: learning from a four sector pilot project in India

Recognition of prior learning (RPL) has increasingly been recognised as a useful way to certify experience and competencies gained in the workplace informally. Particularly pertinent is RPL in the context of international migration or in economies, where system reforms seek to overcome challenges related to access to formal training and qualifications. India has the goal to skill 300 million of its growing workforce and provide them access at various levels to certification and further learning opportunities. As a part of the overall system reforms, the Government of India, jointly with the ILO, pilot tested RPL in four sectors in collaboration with the industry and built the foundation for wider replication for another 26 growth sectors by undertaking a tracer study and evaluation. This paper can empirically establish that RPL has had a positive effect on income opportunities, occupational safety, social status and openness to further learning. The paper further discusses the challenges encountered during the implementation of the RPL projects before concluding with recommendations, highlighting the aspects required for quality RPL in an emerging economy. It closes by emphasising the importance of conducting tracer studies to determine impact and the need to provide complementary training during the RPL process.     

Exit cards: creating a dialogue for continuous evaluation

This study explored the use of Exit Cards, which are formative evaluations of student knowledge and instruction undertaken at every class meeting. Its results are based on Exit Card data from two undergraduate research methods courses. Thematic analysis indicated that students used Exit Cards to communicate (1) what they learned, (2) challenges with course material, (3) experiences with peers, (4) requests for help, (5) challenges with coping, and (6) successes. While the present study is an initial exploration of the use of Exit Cards, it contributes to knowledge on the utilization of informal formative assessments.     

谈谈大学生口才训练的必要性和方法

随着社会对人才要求的提高,口才越来越受到重视。对于大学生来说,口头表达能力的好坏,直接影响到他们的择业前景。因此,在校大学生除学好知识技能外,练就一副好口才,既是终生工作的需要,更是寻求就业机会的优势条件。口才训练的方式和途径很多,在校大学生常用的方法主要有朗读、讨论、辩论、演讲等等。     

心理训练法在诊所法律教育中的运用探讨

心理训练法是运用心理学原理,经过一系列的学习和练习,提升学生心理素质的教育方法。它是法律能力教育的催化剂,它能有效提高诊所法律教育的教学效果。在诊所法律教育中,心理训练通过建构四个模块,有针对性地进行训练,教学效果显著。     

我国专科教育现状分析及发展战略构想

本首先分析了当前我国专科教育所面临的发展困境与成因，进而提出了改革我国专科教育体制、建立新型专科教育运行机制的构想与相关的政策性建议。作认为，作为高等教育的一个重要组成部分，专科教育为我国的社会主义教育事业作了重要贡献，但目前又进入到一个新的发展转型期，挑战与发展的机遇关存；改革计划管理的约束的体制，寻求办学效益和社会效益的统一，建立起与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的专科教育体制与机制，实现教育体制与学校功能的战略性调整，是现阶段专科教育改革发展的必然趋势和重要条件。     

Law enforcement officers as investigators and therapists in child sexual abuse: A training model

Law enforcement officers, often the first professionals to come in contact with a victim of child sexual abuse, can either increase or decrease the traumatic impact on the child and the family at the time of disclosure. The model for a training program for police officers in handling cases of child sexual abuse outlined in this paper is divided into three sections. The first part is directed towards theoretical issues involved in this problem, including an explanation of the history and background of sexual abuse of children by adults and of the difference in the dynamics of extra- and intrafamilial sexual abuse. The second part consists of a detailed explanation of different types of sex offenses and of standard physical examinations of sexual abuse victims. Graded slides of physical trauma geared towards wound identification are paired with relaxation exercises. The third section focuses on special considerations when interviewing sexually abused children. The difference between interviewing and interrogation, specific questioning techniques, and the use of videotape is explained. Each part of this training procedure is followed by a question and answer period and small group discussions for the purpose of encouraging disclosure and better understanding of the officers' personal reactions to cases of child sexual abuse.