原子吸收光谱法测定金矿石中的银

采用王水溶解矿样，用CCl4萃取，原子吸收光谱法测定金矿石中的银，操作简便，结果准确。     

H.264低复杂度变换和量化分析

本文提出了H.264变换和量化的概述,和以前的标准普遍采用的8*8块离散余弦变换不同,而在H.264中采用4*4变换可用整数运算准确计算,从而避免了在逆变换过程中产生的不匹配的问题。     

美国生命科学双途研究审查协调机制及其启示

生命科学研究的迅速发展将为人类社会和生活带来越来越深刻的影响,科学技术双刃剑的两面性在当今部分生命科学研究领域也变得越来越明显,这在客观上要求科学家、研究机构以及政府监管部门在相关的研究活动中承担更大的社会责任。两篇研究人畜共患病致死性H5N1禽流感病毒的论文引起美国科学界、政府监管部门以及社会公众的广泛关注和深入讨论,并最终寻找到折衷的解决方案,这促使人们更加关注生命科学研究中如何建立安全有效的审查、监管和协调机制。通过这一典型案例,分析了美国国家生物安全科学顾问委员会等机构对生命科学领域研究的监管审查和控制协调机制,探讨其对我国生命科学等相关学科中双途研究协调管理机制建设的启示和借鉴意义。     

Two for the price of one?: Additionality effects of R&D subsidies: A comparison between Flanders and Germany

We empirically test whether public R&D subsidies crowd out private R&D investment in Flanders and Germany, using firm level data from the Flemish and German part of the Community Innovation Surveys (CIS III and IV). Both the non-parametric matching estimator and the conditional difference-in-differences estimator with repeated cross-sections (CDiDRCS) clearly indicate that the crowding-out hypothesis can be rejected: funded firms are significantly more R&D active than non-funded firms. In the domain of additionality effects of R&D subsidies, this paper is the first to apply the CDiDRCS method.     

Interregional inventor networks as studied by patent coinventorships

We study the structure of the interregional inventor networks in Sweden by examining the residence of inventors and coinventors involved in Swedish patent applications to the European Patent Office. Several factors are found to influence the spatial affinity of regions. We find that spatial affinity extends beyond the region if it has less own R&D-related resources (business R&D, university R&D and patenting); if it is close to the other region and if it is relatively small. The resources of that other region plays a positive role if, in analogue fashion, that region has more R&D-related resources.     

Education, political institutions and innovative activity: A cross-country empirical investigation

Sustained economic growth has been high in the list of priorities of many nations, developed and developing, and the important role of new technology on it has long been recognized in literature.This article examines some factors that affect national innovation activity. The assumption is that innovation grows in the framework of a national system of institutions and organizations. Objective of this article is to empirically examine how the quality of education and of political institutions affects national innovation activity.This article uses a sample of 29 countries and empirically tests the cross-country variation of innovation activity using panel-data methodology. Dependent variable is the number of patents, a proxy for the output of innovation activity, and independent variables are proxies for the quality of education and the quality of governmental institutions. Finally, research and development expenditure is considered as control variable.The findings support the hypothesis that the higher the investment of a society in the quality of education, the higher the output of innovation activity. Furthermore, the development level of the governmental institutions is positively correlated with innovation activity.     

Inheriting knowledge and sustaining relationships: What stimulates the innovative performance of small software firms in the Netherlands?

Previous studies showed that firms established by experienced founders have higher survival rates and employment growth, but the potential effect of pre-entry experiences on innovation remains unclear. Using an original dataset, we examine the effect of founder's experiences, the relationship with the founder's previous employer and spatial proximity to the previous workplace on the innovative performance of small software firms in the Netherlands. Apart from entrepreneurial experiences, the results suggest no effect of pre-entry experiences. Continued contacts with the founder's previous employer appear to limit the firm's innovative performance, but firms do benefit from being established near the previous workplace.