纤维素类高吸水材料的合成与性能研究

本文研究了在K2 S2 O8和 (NH4 ) 2 Ce(NO3) 6不同引发剂作用下丙烯腈单体与甘蔗渣粗纤维纸浆接技聚合反应制备高吸水材料     

Preparation of Urea Nitrogen Adsorbent of Complex Type and Adsorption Capacity of Urea Nitrogen onto the Adsorbent

The urea nitrogen adsorbent of complex type, which consists of chitosan coated dialdehyde cellulose （CDAC） and immobilized urease in gelatin membrane （IE）, was prepared. The cellulose, the dialdehyde cellulose （DAC） and the CDAC were characterized by scanning electronic microscope. The results indicate that the cellulose C2-C3 bond was broken under the oxidation of periodate and it was oxidated to DAC. The DAC was coated with chitosan and the CDAC was obtained. The adsorption of urea nitrogen onto the adsorbent in Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer solution was studied in batch system. The effects of the experiment parameters, including degree of oxidation of CDAC, initial urea nitrogen concentration, pH and temperature, on the adsorption capacity of urea nitrogen onto the adsorbent at CDAC/IE weight ratio 10：1 were investigated. The results indicate that these parameters affected significantly the adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of urea nitrogen onto the adsorbent was 36.7 mg/g at the degree of oxidation of CDAC 88%, initial urea nitrogen concentration 600 mg/L, pH 7.4 and temperature 37℃.     

醋酸纤维素膜电泳实验条件的探讨

针对血清蛋白醋酸纤维素膜电泳实验教学中存在的电泳图谱分离区带过窄而欠清晰的现状,分析和改进其实验条件,得出0.07mol·L-1缓冲溶液、200V电场强度、每厘米膜宽电流强度0.4-0.7mA和35分钟电泳时间的结果,提高了实验教学效果.     

合成巯基纤维素(SC)对含铜(Ⅱ)废水的吸附研究

以柚子皮纤维素、硫代乙醇酸为基本原料,制备巯基纤维素(SC)新型吸附剂,用其对含Cu2 的溶液进行了静态吸附研究。本文探讨了Cu2 初始浓度、pH值、吸附时间、反应温度、吸附剂用量等因素对吸附性能的影响,结果表明:在pH为6.5、Cu2 浓度为100mg/L和吸附剂为0.2g时,常温条件下吸附2h后Cu2 去除率和吸附容量分别达到98.03%和24.5068mg/g,吸附反应符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温方程。     

点样位置对血清蛋白醋酸纤维薄膜电泳行为的改变

血清蛋白室温下进行醋酸纤维薄膜电泳时，点样线靠近阳极端则有蛋白朝阴极运动，低温下移动方向相同而速度变慢。兰色葡聚糖和溴酚兰在对应条件下电泳表明，主要是薄膜表面溶剂蒸发，造成缓冲液由两端朝中部补充而流动，从而改变了部分低荷质比血清蛋白的电泳行为。此异常现象证实缓冲液流动可改变蛋白质电泳行为，可用于验证电泳影响因素的设计性实验教学。     

Oxidizing Cellulose to 2,3-Dialdehyde Cellulose by Sodium Periodate

Study on oxidizing cellulose to 2.3-dialdehyde cellulose by sodium periodate （NalO4） was carried out. The effects of reaction conditions such as pH of solution, temperature, oxidant concentration, oxidation time. the particle size of 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose and alkali treatment temperature on the dialdehyde concentration ot cellulose were investigated in detail, The results show that the aldehyde group content was created while reaction temperature and alkali treatment temperature increased. The most principal factors affecting the aldehyde group content of 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose were found out and the best oxidation conditions were as follows： the pH was 2. the reaction temperature was 45℃. the mass ratio of cellulose to NalO4 was 1/2, the reaction time was 4 h, the alkali treatment temperature was 70℃ and smaller particle size was 0.80 mm.     

用正交法探求纤维素水解的最佳实验条件

在实际教学中，补充检验醛基的另一个实验一银镜反应，对学生认识纤维素性质的知识整合有一定作用．力求从实验的角度，用正交试验法寻求最佳实验条件．     

玉米秸秆及纤维素高值化应用的研究进展

文章从玉米产业废弃物玉米秸秆的应用出发,对玉米秸秆从传统方面进行总结,对玉米秸秆纤维素从降解、再生和制备吸附材料三个角度进行高值化应用的综述。     

纤维素酶降解魔芋葡甘聚糖的条件

探讨了用纤维素酶降解魔芋葡甘聚糖过程中时间、温度、pH、酶用量、底物浓度对降解的影响.结果表明：当魔芋精粉浓度为0.4%时,纤维素酶用量50U,温度40℃,pH为5,降解100min为最佳降解条件。     

生物质能源研究与大型分析仪器的配置

阐述了生物质能研究对国民经济可持续发展的重要意义，概述了进行生物质能研究的路线和方法，探讨通过建立清华大学核研院院内仪器设备资源共享平台解决该课题分析测试工作中所遇难题的可能性，也试图通过这一模式与机制积累经验，提高院内大型仪器设备的使用效率，节约资源，减少重复购置，从而为创新体制的建立和今后新研究课题的开展提供经验和示范。