解读《他们眼望上苍》中的女性意识

《他们眼望上苍》是美国著名黑人女作家佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿的代表作.该文描写了主人公珍妮通过三次婚姻,挣脱了传统习俗的束缚,逐渐成长为具有女性主义意识的独立的妇女.她不甘愿成为第一任丈夫的劳动工具,也不愿被第二任丈夫作为摆设,她不断地寻求自我,最终发现并了解自我.黑人女性受到种族和性别的双重歧视,只有她们自我意识的觉醒和不懈的追求才能使她们实现自我的完满.珍妮这个人物成为美国女性文学和美国黑人文学中影响深远的角色.这部作品也可以称作黑人文学的经典.     

The identity work of questioning in intellectual discussion

This article examines how questioning practices in intellectual discussion do identity work. Drawing upon the discussion discourse of a Ph.D. department's weekly colloquium, as well as several other sources, three aspects of intellectual identity are identified that are routinely at stake for academic presenters in discussion periods: their knowledgeability, originality, and level of intellectual sophistication. We identify and describe questioning practices that support and challenge these desired identities. Analysis of the discussion discourse shows how use of marked and unmarked question forms implicate a question recipient's knowledgeability level, how time references and interest queries imply a person's degree of originality, and how lexical choices can problematize presenters’ intellectual frameworks, which in turn can become challenges to their intellectual sophistication. The concluding section considers how the identity—implicative discourse analysis developed and used in the paper could become a useful new methodological tool and sketches out implications for future research on questioning, politeness theory, and a current metatheoretical debate about inquiry.