How Europe Shapes Academic Research: insights from participation in European Union Framework Programmes

This article describes the effects of participating in European Union Framework Programmes (EUFPs) at the level of research units and researchers. We consider EUFPs as policy instruments that contribute to the Europeanisation of academic research and study the changes they produce with respect to: 1) the organisation and activities of Departments, 2) the type of knowledge produced, and 3) the ways of doing research. The analysis is based on a case study of the Sapienza University in Rome. We also discuss the extent to which EUFPs produce different effects at the level of scientific fields. This pilot study analyses changes driven by EUFPs from an institutional perspective and uses the concept of institutionalisation to explain how these changes are translated into rules and practices by research units and researchers. Our preliminary investigation supports the idea that EUFPs do not trigger a process of Europeanisation and lead, within academic institutions, to highly diversified institutional responses by scientific fields rather than to undifferentiated ones. They strengthen leading research groups and Departments, already competitive at the EU level, by enhancing existing international behaviours and practices. However, they do not support and, at times, even decrease competition opportunities for less experienced participants and they do not promote the participation of new groups. Moreover, the absence of relevant organisational changes at the University level and the lack of incentives for EUFP participation seem to strengthen these trends. What emerges is the need for decisions at the University level, taking into account differences across scientific groups.     

论我国湿地资源环境影响评价制度的完善

湿地资源环境影响评价制度是湿地保护的核心制度,但目前我国的湿地资源环境影响评价制度存在很多问题,如评价范围过窄,缺乏替代性方案、执法力度差等等。要保护湿地必须对其进行完善。     

职业教育适应新型工业化道路建设之需求研究

新型工业化建设为职业教育开辟发展空间,职业教育为新型工业化建设提供人才保障,它们相互影响,联系密切。目前,我国职业教育还不能完全适应新型工业化建设的需要,这势必影响双方的协调发展。探索职业教育与新型工业化道路建设联系的纽带,寻求职业教育服务于新型工业化道路建设的措施办法,有助于推进二者的协调发展。     

英语的霸权及其影响

随着全球化的推进,英语的控制地位已经很明显的表现在社会生活的方方面面。英语霸权的产生主要取决于历史及社会文化的原因以及其他语言输入国所赋予它的重要地位,英语霸权产生了一系列的影响。对这一现象我们应持审慎、冷静及客观的态度。     

Academic Digital Libraries of the Future: An Environment Scan

Libraries are attempting to face a future in which almost every fixed point has disappeared. Users are changing; content is changing; research is taking new forms. Indeed the very need for libraries is being questioned in some quarters. This paper explores the nature of the changes and challenges facing higher education libraries and suggests key areas of strength and core activities which should be exploited to secure their future.     

Impact maturity times and citation time windows: The 2-year maximum journal impact factor

Journal metrics are employed for the assessment of scientific scholar journals from a general bibliometric perspective. In this context, the Thomson Reuters journal impact factors (JIFs) are the citation-based indicators most used. The 2-year journal impact factor (2-JIF) counts citations to one and two year old articles, while the 5-year journal impact factor (5-JIF) counts citations from one to five year old articles. Nevertheless, these indicators are not comparable among fields of science for two reasons: (i) each field has a different impact maturity time, and (ii) because of systematic differences in publication and citation behavior across disciplines. In fact, the 5-JIF firstly appeared in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) in 2007 with the purpose of making more comparable impacts in fields in which impact matures slowly. However, there is not an optimal fixed impact maturity time valid for all the fields. In some of them two years provides a good performance whereas in others three or more years are necessary. Therefore, there is a problem when comparing a journal from a field in which impact matures slowly with a journal from a field in which impact matures rapidly. In this work, we propose the 2-year maximum journal impact factor (2M-JIF), a new impact indicator that considers the 2-year rolling citation time window of maximum impact instead of the previous 2-year time window. Finally, an empirical application comparing 2-JIF, 5-JIF, and 2M-JIF shows that the maximum rolling target window reduces the between-group variance with respect to the within-group variance in a random sample of about six hundred journals from eight different fields.     

课堂教学公平研究综述

文章对课堂教学公平的内涵、现状、影响因素及其实现机制进行了综述,指出了研究中存在的问题并提出未来研究展望。     

Taxonomy of e-readiness assessment measures

To benefit from the advantages of information society, on the one hand, and to be afraid of being left further behind by Global Society and the increase in the digital divide, on the other hand, stimulate countries to be part of Global Information Society. These issues have led policymakers to move towards such a society by identifying the objectives, goals and targets. Planning to achieve these objectives needs a real understanding of the current situation, which is obtained by e-readiness assessment measures. There has been a proliferation of e-readiness assessment measures in recent years that each one has a certain objective. This paper elaborates on and categorizes these measures that help scholars and policymakers to (1) select the measures that fit in with their objectives, (2) prevent the repetitive research, (3) identify the defects and flaws of previous measures and correct them in their own measures, and (4) use the experiences of previous measures to construct their own ones. Based on definitions, objectives, dimensions, methods and approaches, in this paper, the measures are categorized and finally, a measure for e-readiness assessment is presented. Since this measure is a convergence of e-readiness assessment measures, the experienced modelers have consensus on it and it is more suitable to measure e-readiness of countries. Also, it can be exploited as the basis and standard for internationally comparable information society statistics.     

本体评估指标体系的构建研究

为有效地实现本体构建的动态评估,论文基于本体建设的生命周期阶段,提出涵盖本体的原模型阶段、模型阶段、应用阶段三个阶段的评估指标体系。评估内容涉及对本体概念层、结构层、语境层、应用层的全方位评估,其目的在于保证本体的构建质量,实现对本体的有效管理与维护,从而为本体构建者提供参考依据,为本体使用者提供选择依据。
     

危机事件社会影响等级的评价方法研究

一般来说,危机发生后,不同的社会成员受到的影响不同.最先受到影响的是遭遇危机的人员或组织,往往表现在人员伤亡、健康损失、工作耽误、财产损失等.对于危机事件造成的人员的伤亡和财产的损失比较容易计算.而对于时间耽误、心理创伤、声誉损失、公众价值体系的改变等社会影响却难以货币化计算或者准确衡量.危机事件的社会影响评估作为危机管理研究的重要内容,当前尚无有效的评价测量方法.本文从危机事件的人员损失、公共性、新闻性和持续时间四个指标构建危机事件的社会影响评价指标体系.利用2001-2006年期间发生的20起危机事件的相关信息进行实证研究,结果表明该评价指标体系具有较强的可靠性和操作性.