Communicating the Value of an Institutional Repository: Experiences at Ghana's University for Development Studies

ABSTRACT

The quality of research depends greatly on access to existing information. Institutional repositories (IRs) have the potential to enhance and promote the dissemination of knowledge and research. This may lead to discoveries and innovation alongside maximizing return on investment in research and development. Following some background information, this article briefly discusses the processes involved in the establishment of Ghana's University for Development Studies (UDS) IR (UDSspace). Marketing and advocacy strategies employed to engage Faculty to enable them to contribute meaningfully and effectively in the populating of the IR are outlined and benefits described. The study uses a quantitative method. A questionnaire was used to elicit data from faculty. This article describes the various communication methods used to promote the IR and evaluates their effectiveness in getting users to participate in populating the IR. The survey found that although as high as 80.3% of respondents were aware of the benefits of an IR and 66.2% were aware of the existence of the UDS IR, 86.8% of respondents had not submitted to the IR.     

知识型企业的组织变迁

经济的全球化、信息化、知识化使得传统的金字塔式的层级组织很难适应外部环境的动态变化以及内部管理需要。当今知识型企业面临着组织变迁的新任务。本文从知识型企业的一般特性、知识型企业面临的新的环境现实以及组织变迁新趋势和途径进行分析。     

Co-teachers’ attitudes towards planning and instructional activities for students with disabilities

Co-teaching is considered a means for improving the inclusion of students with disabilities in mainstream classrooms. This research employs a mixed methods research approach to investigate teachers’ attitudes towards co-teaching practices for students with disabilities in Greek schools. In total, 400 co-teachers completed a survey questionnaire and 10 of them participated in semi-structured interviews, in which they reported co-teaching practices with regard to planning and evaluation activities, co-teaching models, content of teaching and instructional grouping arrangements. The participants stated that the time they spend to plan and evaluate together is insufficient and that they need more time to perform these activities. In addition, co-teachers were found to use their limited time to separate rather than to co-plan or evaluate co-teaching activities. They reported inconsistencies in the rating of co-teaching activities during planning and evaluation. Even though co-teachers approved a specific stance towards all models of co-teaching, they mainly noted that they implemented supportive co-teaching. Also, they stated that they modify the content of teaching for their students with disabilities, but they limit this practice to individual teaching in order to assist these students to overcome specific difficulties. Finally, co-teachers indicated that they prefer to teach the students with disabilities in mixed ability groups rather than to teach them individually out of the class. The results of this research support those of previous studies with regard to the planning needs of co-teachers and the prevalence of the supportive co-teaching model. In addition, our results inform the field about diverse approaches and inconsistencies in delivering the curriculum and the grouping arrangements for students with disabilities. We argue that professional development on the practical implementation of co-teaching and administrative support are necessary to enhance co-teachers’ activities towards the development of an inclusive culture.     

Exploring the relationship between institutional and professional autonomy: a comparative study between Portugal and Finland

By comparing two distinct settings–Portugal and Finland–and based on previous studies revealing similar trends in both countries, this article analyses the relationship between institutional and academic autonomy in the higher education sector. Based on crosschecking of the literature review and 47 interviews with key actors in both the Portuguese and Finnish higher education systems, the authors analyse the extent to which the political attempts to increase institutional autonomy are perceived by academics in these countries as leading to an increase in their professional autonomy. Data reveals that there is a lack of complete correspondence between the way different institutional dimensions have been changing at the organisational level and the way academics perceive the effects at the professional level. While there is a correspondence in the perceptions over organisational and interventional autonomy, no correspondence is found concerning policy autonomy in both countries. Furthermore, there are no homogeneous perceptions within academics group in each country concerning professional autonomy.     

政治文明视野中制度设计的人性基础

制度文明是政治文明的重要支撑和标志。制度设计在逻辑上蕴涵了制度文明的价值追求，它是实现制度文明的基本途径。在政治文明建设中，提供有效的制度设计是我们党和政府的首要任务。一定的人性假设是制度设计的逻辑基础，只有建立在科学的人性假设基础上的制度设计，才能构架出适合政治文明要求的制度体系。西方国家的制度变迁历史和新中国的制度变迁历史充分说明了人性假设在制度设计中的重要作用。     

Educational expenditures and student engagement: When does money matter?

The few studies focusing on the relationships between higher education expenditures and student outcomes have produced contradictory results. This study hypothesized that the lack of consistent relationships is a function of the fact that the effects of expenditures on outcomes are mediated by student engagement. Furthermore, it is expected that the relationships between expenditures and outcomes are contingent on the characteristics of the students and institutions being studied. The present research examined the relationships between higher education expenditures and students’ engagement in educationally purposeful activities, after controlling for a variety of student and institutional characteristics. Using data from a nationally representative sample of colleges and universities, the findings indicated that the relationships between expenditures and student engagement are very complex. Relationships differed by institutional control, students’ year in school, and the type of engagement measure included in the analysis.     

构建大湘西旅游圈

大湘西旅游圈具有丰富的旅游资源 ,建成大湘西旅游圈后 ,可将三地区旅游资源连成一片 ,进而形成跨省区的大旅游。为此 ,必须有战略观念、战略布局和战略措施。张家界打“名山”牌 ,自治州和怀化市打历史与民俗文化牌。     

论英国非法证据排除规则:衍生史与制度构型

英国的普通法传统不承认非法证据排除规则,证据的可信性决定着证据的可采性;但这种传统的制度立场在当代逐渐发生现代转型,即取证方式的合法性成为判定证据能力的重要因素.英国当前的非法证据排除规则在制度构型上表现出以下特点:以司法公平为理论基础;以基本法和一般法律为规范法源;以利益权衡为运作模式.我国当前的非法证据排除规则的制度改革,可以从英国证据规则的衍生史与制度构型中得到启示:实现证据规则理念由证据可信性到证据可采性的现代转型;并实现证据规则构架由简单化规则到系统化规则的现代转型.     

试论职教改革视域下加强高职学生制度自信教育的重要意义

目前,我国正处于深化职业教育改革的关键时期,国家为促进职业教育发展出台了《国家职业教育改革实施方案》并对职业教育发展提出了新要求,同时高职学生的生源成分、思想政治状况、国际国内局势以及国家对高职人才的要求也都出现了新变化。加强高职学生制度自信教育具有为实现中华民族伟大复兴汇聚力量,促进职业教育改革发展,引导高职学生成长成才的深远意义,文章从宏观、中观和微观三个层面对加强高职学生制度自信的重要性进行了简要论述。     

关于排列与组合方面的恒等式

本文我们用排列,组合的有关性质及数学归纳法证明了几个与排列组合有关的恒等式。