Evaluating fifth- and sixth-grade students’ expository writing: task development, scoring, and psychometric issues

Drawing from multiple theoretical frameworks representing cognitive and educational psychology, we present a writing task and scoring system for measurement of students’ informative writing. Participants in this study were 72 fifth- and sixth-grade students who wrote compositions describing real-world problems and how mathematics, science, and social studies information could be used to solve those problems. Of the 72 students, 69 were able to craft a cohesive response that not only demonstrated planning in writing structure but also elaboration of relevant knowledge in one or more domains. Many-facet Rasch Modeling (MFRM) techniques were used to examine the reliability and validity of scores for the writing rating scale. Additionally, comparison of fifth- and sixth-grade responses supported the validity of scores, as did the results of a correlational analysis with scores from an overall interest measure. Recommendations for improving writing scoring systems based on the findings of this investigation are provided.     

论股权分置改革对我国资本市场的影响

股权分置改革是解决我国资本市场制度性问题的重大举措,对于我国资本市场的健康发展意义深远。但股权分置改革的完成并不意味着解决了我国资本市场的所有问题。在后股权分置时代,我国资本市场将面临新的问题和挑战。正确分析和提前应对这些问题,对于保障资本市场的健康有序运行极为关键。     

基于用户的知识组织与服务

对于基于复杂资源类型、海量资源的信息网络化服务,只有针对用户的工作流程、用户的信息牵引条件、用／-需求的分类、用户行为习惯的分类建立的知识组织和服务,才能有效地提高信息服务的效率和质量。     

面向CSSCI的学者知识地图构建与分析

为促进学术交流和发展,为学者之间的交叉合作提供可参考的事实依据,并获得可支持具体决策的分析结论,将本体机制引入CSSCI学术资源的知识组织,以面向对象的方式来组织学者知识地图的相关概念,构建面向CSSCI的学者知识地图概念模型;此外,通过学者两两之间关系的关联分析和知识挖掘发现学者之间潜在的合作可能,找出某学科领域中能够对中心作者产生重要学术影响的关联作者,并基于关联明确划分作者群,希望能够加强相关领域的研究合作,实现知识的互补与领域成果的借鉴和启发。     

论图书馆员知识形象的塑造

时代对图书馆员提出了全新的要求,文章从馆员主体的角度和图书馆管理的角度论述了图书馆员知识形象的塑造问题.     

咨询企业的知识资本系统构建与运行机制

本文基于咨询需求构建了咨询企业知识资本系统．讨论了实现系统的主要技术——知识发现与存贮技术，知识表达与组织技术和知识搜索与获取技术．并分析了基于任务与问题的知识资本运行机制。     

论文献信息及其相关概念

在探讨文献信息含义和本质的基础上,对文献信息与文献、信息、知识、情报的关系进行了初步分析,提出了新的看法。     

知识活动中的知识单元与知识计量研究

人类社会的知识活动根据其特征可以分为知识创造活动、知识管理活动和知识利用活动三类。知识计量贯穿知识活动全过程,但知识创造、知识管理和知识利用过程中对知识进行计量采用的知识单元不同。知识单元的构建是突破知识计量研究瓶颈的关键。参考文献16。     

Providing metrics and automatic enhancement for hierarchical taxonomies

Taxonomies enable organising information in a human–machine understandable form, but constructing them for reuse and maintainability remains difficult. The paper presents a formal underpinning to provide quality metrics for a taxonomy under development. It proposes a methodology for semi-automatic building of maintainable taxonomies and outlines key features of the knowledge engineering context where the metrics and methodology are most suitable. The strength of the approach presented is that it is applied during the actual construction of the taxonomy. Users provide terms to describe different domain elements, as well as their attributes, and methodology uses metrics to assess the quality of this input. Changes according to given quality constraints are then proposed during the actual development of the taxonomy.     

“知识库”概念的扩散与内涵演化

概念是科学理论的基础,很多理论的精髓往往凝结在一个概念之上。相对于稳定的符号化的表征,概念的内涵往往在传播扩散和认知学习过程中发生变化,由此导致概念内涵被扩大、缩小或修正。随着知识经济的发展,知识库建设正在成为各行业各领域开展知识管理和知识服务的基础。本文借助知识图谱分析软件CiteSpaceⅡ分析了1985年以来,"知识库"概念在中国大陆地区的扩散和演化情况。结果表明,"知识库"的概念首先产生于智能控制领域,随后逐步扩散到工程应用、计算机科学、图书情报、企业管理与教育科学等五个领域。在此发展过程中,"知识库"逐渐形成了两个方面的稳定内涵。