教师实践性知识研究历程与前瞻

自20世纪80年代以来,教师实践性知识研究已经有近30年的历程,可分为萌芽期、成长期和发展期三个阶段。研究内容主要涉及教师实践性知识的定义、特征、构成、表征方式以及获得与产生等方面。从研究内容、研究方法和研究对象上看,其研究还存在一些需要注意和改进的问题。未来应有的研究方向与重点是继承与发扬本土研究优势、持续跟踪引进与借鉴国外相关研究成果;运用科学化与综合化的研究方法;加强教师实践性知识理论基础、基本理论和创生机制等三个取向的研究。     

知识社会学：师生冲突的一种研究视角

知识社会学为师生冲突研究提供了一个新的认识视角：在教育场域中,师生关系是在知识的再生产和接受中建立起来的。师生交往过程实质上是师生间知识的社会建构过程,师生冲突往往表现为师生知识视界的碰撞,其背后充斥着知识与社会权力的矛盾和斗争。教师合理消解与应对教育场域中师生冲突的策略是：更新冲突观,改变参与知识方式,与学生展开知识对话,引导学生学会知识选择。     

FARMER: A novel approach to file access correlation mining and evaluation reference model

File semantic has proven effective in optimizing large scale distributed file system. As a consequence of the elaborate and rich I/O interfaces between upper layer applications and file systems, file system can provide useful and insightful information about semantic. Hence, file semantic mining has become an increasingly important practice in both engineering and research community. Unfortunately, it is a challenge to exploit file semantic knowledge because a variety of factors could affect this information exploration process. Even worse, the challenges are exacerbated due to the intricate interdependency between these factors, and make it difficult to fully exploit the potentially important correlation among various semantic knowledges. This article proposes a file access correlation miming and evaluation reference (FARMER) model, where file is treated as a multivariate vector space, and each item within the vector corresponds a separate factor of the given file. The selection of factor depends on the application, examples of factors are file path, creator and executing program. If one particular factor occurs in both files, its value is non-zero. It is clear that the extent of inter-file relationships can be measured based on the likeness of their factor values in the semantic vectors. Benefit from this model, FARMER represents files as structured vectors of identifiers, and basic vector operations can be leveraged to quantify file correlation between two file vectors. FARMER model leverages linear regression model to estimate the strength of the relationship between file correlation and a set of influencing factors so that the “bad knowledge” can be filtered out. To demonstrate the ability of new FARMER model, FARMER is incorporated into a real large-scale object-based storage system as a case study to dynamically infer file correlations. In addition FARMER-enabled optimize service for metadata prefetching algorithm and object data layout algorithm is implemented. Experimental results show that is FARMER-enabled prefetching algorithm is shown to reduce the metadata operations latency by approximately 30%–40% when compared to a state-of-the-art metadata prefetching algorithm and a commonly used replacement policy.     

基于数据挖掘的图书馆的读者借阅行为分析

图书馆数字化发展,使数据挖掘技术在读者借阅行为分析方面得到了广泛使用。利用图书馆的借阅数据及调查结果,可形成一个关于读者需求的数据仓库,挖掘出读者需求的规则和模式,提取出有价值的内在信息,以便为图书馆建设服务。     

论大学美学教材编写的新路径

在我国高校各类美学教材中,薛富兴教授撰写的《画桥流虹——大学美学多媒体教材》展示了美学概论教材写作的一种可行路径,从中可以总结出大学美学教材知识分层、体贴人类审美活动本来面目、美学作为知识学与智慧学相统一的三条基本写作经验,值得美学界予以重视。     

基于视频的数据挖掘系统的研究

研究了一种视频数据挖掘的系统结构.介绍了该系统中各主要模块的功能;描述了视频数据预处理和视频数据立方体;讨论了视频数据挖掘方法并探讨了典型的视频挖掘技术.     

基于支持向量机的数据挖掘技术

随着数据库技术的迅速发展以及数据库管理系统的广泛应用,人们积累的数据越来越多.激增的数据背后隐藏着许多重要的信息,人们希望能够对其进行更高层次的分析,以便更好地利用这些数据.将目前先进的机器学习技术支持向量机,与数据挖掘结合起来,提出了一个改进的支持向量机训练算法,进行了支持向量机自动分类的模拟试验.试验结果显示,新算法的训练速度明显提高,并获得了比较理想的分类结果.     

企业新计量信息流转模型和新自动计量模型设计与实施的应用研究

文章讨论了基于信息化数据通讯流转原理和现场自动控制理论,研究了冶金制造企业大宗原燃料、成品、半成品和产品新计量信息流转模型和新自动计量模型设计与实施的现代信息流转和自动称量达到自动、稳定、正确、可靠、合理、可追溯的问题,通过在本钢集团公司ERP、EMS系统配套运行和现场轧钢线计量称重实施等线上操作的手段来实现应用研究。解决了企业新计量信息流转模型和新自动计量模型设计与实施的问题,达到了计量信息系统的提出"数出一门,量出一家"和"网络化自动运行"要求,为冶金制造行业解决此类问题提供了新的思路和方法,具有极大的推广和应用价值。     

Education on population matters in Europe: results from a comparative survey among students in five European countries

In 1996–1997, within the framework of the European Observatory for Population Education and Information, a comparative survey was conducted among students in final classes of secondary education in several European countries. On the one hand, the survey attempted to assess the effects of education on population in terms of knowledge acquired; the issues addressed in the questionnaire pertained to knowledge of demographic facts and trends (such as the ageing of Western societies and immigration). On the other hand it tried to ascertain students' opinions on demographic trends. What are young people's views on intergenerational solidarity, how tolerant are they towards immigrants, what are their views on recent changes in family structures? This knowledge is important since it is young people's attitudes and future behaviour that will help to shape both the social tissue and the economic prosperity of the European and world population. In this article we present a comparative analysis of survey results obtained in five European countries. We examined the question whether knowledge acquired in the course of scolarisation influences opinions. The results evidence a significant relationship between knowledge of the migrants' issue and attitudes of tolerance towards migrants. By means of multivariate analyses, the impact of factors such as social origin, study orientation and gender on both students' knowledge and attitudes, are investigated. We conclude that adequate educational training on population issues can have a significant positive impact on attitudes of tolerance.     

新疆煤炭工业人才培养对策研究

随着煤炭资源开发和利用力度的不断加大,困扰煤矿人才紧缺的矛盾将更加突出,人才短缺已经是新疆煤炭工业普遍性和潜在性的问题,要保证新疆煤炭工业持续健康地发展,必须尽快采取有效地措施改变现状。因此,文章提出解决新疆煤炭工业专业技术和管理人才匮乏的根本对策是扩大人才培养的力度和规模。