Multilingual modeling of cross-lingual spelling variants

Technical term translations are important for cross-lingual information retrieval. In many languages, new technical terms have a common origin rendered with different spelling of the underlying sounds, also known as cross-lingual spelling variants (CLSV). To find the best CLSV in a text database index, we contribute a formulation of the problem in a probabilistic framework, and implement this with an instance of the general edit distance using weighted finite-state transducers. Some training data is required when estimating the costs for the general edit distance. We demonstrate that after some basic training our new multilingual model is robust and requires little or no adaptation for covering additional languages, as the model takes advantage of language independent transliteration patterns. We train the model with medical terms in seven languages and test it with terms from varied domains in six languages. Two test languages are not in the training data. Against a large text database index, we achieve 64–78 % precision at the point of 100% recall. This is a relative improvement of 22% on the simple edit distance.     

Construction of query concepts based on feature clustering of documents

In Information Retrieval, since it is hard to identify users’ information needs, many approaches have been tried to solve this problem by expanding initial queries and reweighting the terms in the expanded queries using users’ relevance judgments. Although relevance feedback is most effective when relevance information about retrieved documents is provided by users, it is not always available. Another solution is to use correlated terms for query expansion. The main problem with this approach is how to construct the term-term correlations that can be used effectively to improve retrieval performance. In this study, we try to construct query concepts that denote users’ information needs from a document space, rather than to reformulate initial queries using the term correlations and/or users’ relevance feedback. To form query concepts, we extract features from each document, and then cluster the features into primitive concepts that are then used to form query concepts. Experiments are performed on the Associated Press (AP) dataset taken from the TREC collection. The experimental evaluation shows that our proposed framework called QCM (Query Concept Method) outperforms baseline probabilistic retrieval model on TREC retrieval.     

Two-stage statistical language models for text database selection

As the number and diversity of distributed Web databases on the Internet exponentially increase, it is difficult for user to know which databases are appropriate to search. Given database language models that describe the content of each database, database selection services can provide assistance in locating databases relevant to the information needs of users. In this paper, we propose a database selection approach based on statistical language modeling. The basic idea behind the approach is that, for databases that are categorized into a topic hierarchy, individual language models are estimated at different search stages, and then the databases are ranked by the similarity to the query according to the estimated language model. Two-stage smoothed language models are presented to circumvent inaccuracy due to word sparseness. Experimental results demonstrate that such a language modeling approach is competitive with current state-of-the-art database selection approaches.     

基于内容的图像检索之相关标准研究

论述基于内容的图像检索(CBIR)的3类标准：图像压缩标准、查询语言和信息内容描述标准，分析其存在的问题并提出解决方法，最后重点剖析多媒体信息描述国际标准MPEG-7的内容及其在CBIR中的应用。     

电子教学参考资料系统的著作权对策

概述电子教学参考资料系统的特征，分析有关的著作权风险，提出在现有法律环境下建设电子教学参考资料系统的著作权对策。     

文献数据库的检索特点及使用技巧

随着高校图书馆引进的中外文数据库及建立的局域网络检索系统 ,教学科研人员有了快捷、高效、准确查获文献信息的硬件环境。为使读者更好地利用各种数据库进行文献检索 ,文章介绍了文献数据库的检索特点 ,并就数据库检索中检索策略制定的技术性问题 ,如 :检索词的选择、检索式的编写等做了详细介绍。     

中国专利引文数据库的设计与应用

专利文献在公布大量专利技术内容的同时 ,也著录了专利引文的信息。专利引文与申请专利的发明创造密切相关 ,它记录了专利审查员在专利审查过程中 ,发明人在进行发明创造时的智力活动 ,从而全面反映专利文献交流的现状与趋势。为了更好地开发和利用中国专利引文信息资源 ,尽快建立中国专利引文数据库势在必行。本文在此背景下 ,提出建设中国专利引文数据库的总体设计方案 ,以及数据库开发应用的前景     

信息检索中的相关性研究

本文系统地阐述了国外信息检索中的相关性研究 ,具体的论述按照三个阶段展开 ,分别是 195 8年之前的第一阶段 ,195 8— 1976年的第二阶段以及 1976年之后的第三阶段 ;其中每一阶段的阐述又被分为理论与实证两部分     

中国档案置标著录Web检索系统的研究与实现

国内开发档案置标著录的Web检索系统是个空白。本文对中国档案置标著录 (CNEAD)的计算机信息系统进行了具体的研究和实现 ,包括架构在Microsoft.NET框架上的CNEAD系统功能设计、数据库设计、定义文档结构的XMLSchema模式设计、多途径和多入口的Web检索、全宗 类别 案卷 文件的树型结构级联检索。该系统对我国相关标准的制定可起到推动作用。