Modular designs and integrating practices: Managing collaboration through coordination and cooperation

Collaboration in large-scale projects introduces challenges involving both coordination (the ability to collaborate) as well as cooperation (the willingness to do so). Existing research has shown how modular designs can improve coordination by locating interdependencies within rather than between different modules. Based on an in-depth case study of collaboration in a large-scale infrastructure project, our study highlights an effect of modularity on collaboration that previously has been overlooked. Specifically, we show that while modular designs may help overcome coordination challenges by reducing interdependencies between modules, they can in turn hamper collaboration by emphasizing specialization within modules. Therefore, though existing work typically perceives modularity and integration as opposites, we clarify how they can also act as complements. In particular, we show how firms need to complement modular designs with integrating practices that stimulate cooperation. Overall, we contribute to the literature on collaboration and modularity by explaining when and how organizations can combine modularity and integration.     

论"装置范式"研究纲领的核心——技术信息

技术信息问题是关乎人类社会发展的重大问题.技术哲学家伯格曼(Albert Borgmann)①从哲学视角对由技术信息所导致的超现实现象予以关注,区分了三种不同类型的信息,阐述了三种不同类型信息与现实的关系,提出要在"聚焦物"和"装置范式"之间保持必要的张力,以保持自然信息、文化信息和技术信息的平衡,并认为这是人类社会的必要选择.     

苏州市科技信息服务体系建设

简述了苏州市科技型中小企业使用科技信息服务的现状,并分析了产生的原因。在此基础上,苏州市科学技术情报研究所设计并构建了苏州市科技信息服务体系,该体系设计包括三部分内容,即服务中心的建设、服务站和工作站的建设以及文献服务平台的建设,最后指出了还需要进一步解决的问题。     

基于PDRR模型的数字图书馆信息保障体系研究

数字图书馆信息安全所面临的威胁严重制约了数字图书馆的发展。本文简要分析了目前我国数字图书馆信息安全中存在的问题,在此基础上提出了一种基于PDRR模型的数字图书馆信息保障体系结构(DLIA),并从技术手段、管理措施、政策法规三方面给出了实现该体系的措施,旨在为数字图书馆提供一个全方位的信息安全防御体系。     

基于IT治理的战略信息管理风险控制

信息技术已经渗透到企业价值链中各个环节,改变了业务流程,随之,内部控制和治理结构同样需要革新。本文通过对战略信息管理风险控制提出的背景、概念、与IT治理的关系以及IT治理四种模型进行了尝试性的阐述,对建立企业战略信息管理风险控制框架进行初步研究和探索。     

信息分析基础理论研究

The engendering and developing process of the elementary theory of Information Analysis is studied. From the developmental point of view, the elementary theory of Information Analysis can be divided into three stages Bibliometrics-based stage, Informetrics-based stage and Microeconomics of Information-based stage, an exploring, studying and creating stage of the elementary theory of Information Analysis.     

浅析大学生对网络媒体信息的需求

本文分析了大学生的信息素质，阐述了大学生对网络媒体信息的需求及网络心理．对开展大学生的网络教育具有一定的借鉴意义。     

网络信息组织的分类与发展

随着知识经济时代的到来,人们已经从传统的信息领域中走出来,迈向了网络信息经济时代。在这一环境下,如何有效地组织、管理和利用网络信息资源,使其发挥最大的价值成了信息组织的研究重点。     

试论数字化环境下图书馆信息资源建设

本文阐述了数字化环境中图书馆信息资源的构成和特点,探讨了国内图书馆信息资源建设存在的问题,并提出了优化信息资源建设的策略。     

Taylor's decomposition on four points for solving third-order linear time-varying systems

In the present paper, the use of three-step difference schemes generated by Taylor's decomposition on four points for the numerical solutions of third-order time-varying linear dynamical systems is presented. The method is illustrated for the numerical analysis of an up-converter used in communication systems.