A study on tourist demand for Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals as ancient Iranian sport

ABSTRACT

Nowadays sports, especially ancient sports, play an important role in promoting tourism. In recent decades, ancient Iranian Sport, especially Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals as creative cultural products, attract many tourists to destinations and are well known as tourist attractions in Iran. Hence, the aims of this paper, which was conducted in the city of Isfahan, are: (1) to investigate the attitude of domestic tourists towards Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals in Isfahan city; (2) to measure tourists’ awareness of Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals as UNESCO intangible cultural heritage (ICH); and (3) to determine the priority given to attractions and activities around Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals from the domestic tourists’ perspective. On the basis of the results of this study, it can be concluded that domestic tourists are interested in gaining experience and increasing their knowledge of Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals. However, the level of awareness of these ancient sports among domestic tourists in the city of Isfahan is low. The results also illustrated that among the activities, visiting Zoorkhānehes in Isfahan, participating in Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei events and observing the live play of Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals have high priority from the tourists’ perspective.     

风险社会与媒介化社会背景下的危机传播机制创新——以2008年“5·12”地震为个案

本文以2008年“5·12”地震为研究个案,通过问卷调查、深度访谈等多种方式,对危机状态下公众信息需求、政府应急管理和媒体应急传播等展开实证（地）调查,并在此基础上就风险社会与媒介化社会背景下危机传播机制创新与构建问题进行了较为深入的探讨。     

从歌舞角度谈畲族两个仪式中的文化借鉴因素

从词、歌、舞三方面,谈畲族两个仪式中的文化借鉴因素,这个文化借鉴主要来自于汉族。具体表现：在文词方面大量吸收有利于畲族生存发展、有利于和谐团结的儒家文化,如做功德中演唱的《孝顺歌》、《二十四孝》等,并运用产生音乐美感、丰富歌词韵味的＂三条变＂;在歌唱方面出现与众不同的《高皇歌》,一唱众和的《报病审死》、《奠酒》,锣鼓相伴的《做少年》等;在舞蹈方面,如做功德其队形主要以绕棺、横队、纵队、四角站为主,传师学师中的一些舞段虽较原始,但具有深刻的含义。随着时代的发展,做功德和传师学师这两个仪式渐渐变成非物质文化遗产了,也面临着失传或基本失传的窘境,加强对其形态和文化的研究就显得尤为重要。     

清末民初东北婚俗变迁述略

东北婚俗文化在清末民初这样一个急剧变动的年代出现较大幅度的波动,主要表现在婚姻生活、婚姻礼仪等方面,即出现文明婚俗现象。这种现象的出现是经济、政治、文化、心理等多种因素共同作用的结果,其变迁在推动东北婚俗变革的同时,也带来了一系列社会不安定因素,但无疑都为东北近现代婚俗的形成奠定了基础。     

中国古代的家奠弔祭仪制

祀祭丧葬文化在我国古代繁缛的礼节仪制中占有十分重要的地位。丧葬制度以礼教符号为载体,将个体的哀痛情感内化为文字以试图对死亡这一永恒概念进行审视和对话,通过礼教来对吊祭程序进行点缀,使得丧亡的个体生命在“礼制”层面上存活于吊祭者内心成为了可能。家奠是诸多祭祀仪制中的一种。它受到“昭穆制”与“祭不越望”观念的影响,对它起源与仪制程序的考证,可以探求古人在祭祀中的细微心理,从中可以得出,家奠弔祭仪制应当是诸多繁杂礼仪中个体情感最为真切的一种,从已有的文献资料中高度提炼出家奠弔祭的一般程序,有助于我们对古代生死哲学的探赜。     

传统农民主体性缺失的道德之维分析——从仁礼冲突与义务道德看

内在的仁和外在的礼是矛盾的,两者的关系实为主仆关系,在道德自律走向道德他律的过程中主体性丧失了;而极端的义务或不对称的义务导致极端的权利,温情的义务之网阻碍了权利意识的萌生,形成本分自守的主体惰性。由此注定传统国民主体性尤其是传统农民主体性的缺失。     

Communication between Grandparents and Grandchildren in Geographically Separated Relationships

This study examined grandparents' reports of their use of three media—face-to-face, telephone, and email—in geographically separated relationships with grandchildren. Grandparents used telephone and email more frequently than face-to-face communication. There were no sex differences in frequency and satisfaction with the three media. Email use was examined in depth due to the dearth of research on its use. Grandparents who reported that they and their grandchildren were equally likely to initiate email were more satisfied with its frequency and quality than those who reported primary responsibility for email communication. Satisfaction with telephone communication predicted relational quality.     

Mediated Computer Search Services Relative to Instruction Services

Abstract

To assess the quality and usefulness of one health sciences library's mediated computer search service, a survey was undertaken to determine satisfaction rates, why users do or do not use the service, and how useful the service is perceived to be in comparison to instructional service. Satisfaction rates were high, with users indicating librarian expertise and time/cost savings as the main reasons for using the service. Non-users indicated that they preferred to do their own searching, and many were unaware of the service. Though a majority of respondents do not currently use the service, surprisingly a majority of respondents placed significant value on the mediated search service in relation to instruction.     

IMAGINARY DARKROOM

What are the current working conditions and future prospects of Latino journalists working for any type of news media outlet? This question has not been addressed in any national study since Federico Subervi's 2004 research on behalf of the National Association of Hispanic Journalists. This paper revisits the same subject matter seven years after (2011) the original work was produced, updating the figures and expanding the study by incorporating Latino journalists working for ethnic media, as well as those working for general market media. The results indicate that the dominant “motivation” factors present in 2011 that influenced US Latino journalists' job attitudes were work itself, advancement, and growth. The leading “hygiene” factors that influenced US Latino journalists' job attitudes were salary and relations with peers. Survey respondents agreed that opportunities to obtain professional training would significantly increase the likelihood of keeping their job and their preference for a training topic was digital/multimedia reporting. Journalists suggested three elements to assure a better coverage of the Latino community—a Hispanic/Latino supervisor, an educated supervisor, and media owned by Hispanic/Latino person/family. Additionally, news staff feel underpaid and dissatisfied with promotion opportunities as well as opportunities to increase their salary. They have felt job discrimination based on race.     

历史上的开封犹太人

在犹太民族在华散居的历史上，开封犹太人尤为令人注目。自唐宋年间，犹太人经陆路和水路达到开封后，便开始了具有犹太民族特色的社区生活。这主要体现在他们的宗教、风俗礼仪等活动中，经过700多年的修养生息，开封犹太人自然地融合到中化民族之中。