Innovation and government intervention: A comparison of Singapore and Hong Kong

Government is one of the determinants for innovation capacity although its role and degree of involvement in innovation is debatable. Government intervention can be vital in supporting R&D and innovation as market alone cannot provide adequate incentives for knowledge production. Degrees of government intervention, however, vary in different economies and range from directive intervention by actively advising industrial policy and investing in selected areas, to facilitative intervention by creating positive environment and providing public goods for industry. This study uses Singapore and Hong Kong as two cases to explore the influence of government intervention on innovation performance. Singapore is known for strong government intervention while Hong Kong is famous for its positive non-intervention policy that minimizes the power of government in influencing the market. The comparison shows that innovation activities in Singapore are largely policy driven and dominated by big players, while in Hong Kong industry innovation is less active but the local industry has a dynamic innovation base contributed by small firms. Using a difference-in-differences analysis of USPTO patents filed by Singapore and Hong Kong, we find evidence for the effectiveness of government intervention on enhancing the technological significance and scope of innovation. The findings could shed light on the implication of government involvement in innovation.     

Innovation and productivity among heterogeneous firms

This paper examines the links between firm innovation and productivity using the largest cross-country panel dataset assembled for this purpose to date. We use harmonized and comparable data on a total of 40,577 small, medium and large firms surveyed in the World Bank Enterprise Surveys (WBES) and provide some support for the reported patterns previously found in the innovation literature. Our results indicate that estimates from studies using cross-section data may be upward biased but nevertheless, innovative firms are significantly and economically more productive in both the manufacturing and services sectors.     

The wider impacts of high-technology employment: Evidence from U.S. cities

Innovative, high-technology industries are commonly described as drivers of regional development. ‘Tech’ workers earn high wages, but they are also said to generate knock-on effects throughout the local economies that host them, spurring growth in jobs and wages in nontradable activities. At the same time, in iconic high-tech agglomerations like the San Francisco Bay Area, the home of Silicon Valley, the success of the tech industry creates tensions, in part as living costs rise beyond the reach of many non-tech workers. Across a large sample of U.S. cities, this paper explores these issues systematically. Combining annual data on wages, employment and prices from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Consumer Price Index, it estimates how growth in tradable tech employment affects the real, living-cost deflated wages of local workers in nontradable sectors. Results indicate that high-technology employment has significant, positive, but modest effects on the real wages of workers in nontradable sectors. These effects appear to be spread consistently across different kinds of nontradable activities. In terms of substantive wider impacts, tech appears benign, though fairly ineffectual.     

民办非企类新型研发机构的现实困境与构建方略——基于三元循环悖论的视角

从民办非企新型研发机构的功能定位和管理模式入手,分析当前机构的发展优势和劣势,系统地剖析"民办官助"新型研发机构的"三元循环悖论"的作用机制,提出在政府和机构两个层面的构建方略,以期实现机构、市场与社会的三维协同发展,提出促进其创新发展的意见。     

经理管理防御对研发投入的影响因素研究——基于创业板上市公司的实证检验

以中国创业板上市公司2011—2016年相关数据为研究样本,采用多元线性回归分析方法探究经理管理防御动机对研发投入活动的影响,为抑制经理管理防御动机与行为,提高研发投入绩效提供经验数据。实证研究结果表明:经理人年龄、学历、任期、股权集中度对研发投入有显著影响;经理人薪酬和持股比例并不能对经理人研发投入决策行为起到明显的激励作用;经理人性别与研发投入无相关关系。     

广东国家科技产业创新中心建设中企业研发机构的作用研究

企业研发机构能助推区域创新系统演化,在广东省建设国家科技产业创新中心的新时期,企业研发机构将扮演更重要的角色,然而,目前广东省企业研发机构发展仍未能完全支撑建设国家科技产业创新中心的目标,为此,需要从企业研发机构的数量和质量上进行突破,通过提高企业建设研发机构的意识,增强企业研发机构的实力,优化企业研发机构的布局,加强企业研发机构的管理以期达到企业研发机构加快广东省建设国家科技产业创新中心的目的。     

基于专利角度的创新投入产出绩效比较研究

本文选取北京、上海、天津、重庆、深圳、青岛、成都、武汉、杭州等9个城市从2008年-2015年的研发投入和专利产出数据,在充分论证相关性的基础上,构建由“每亿元研发经费内部支出产生的发明专利申请数”、“每万人年R D人员折合全时当量产生的发明专利申请量”、“每亿元研发经费内部支出产生的发明专利授权量”、“每万人年R D人员折合全时当量产生的发明专利授权量”四个指标组成的复合指标体系,以从专利的角度全面分析样本城市创新投入的产出绩效,并试图从时间和区域的比较分析中探索样本城市创新投入产出绩效的特点与规律。#$NL关键词：发明专利;R D投入;产出绩效;比较研究#$NL#$NL中图分类号：G306 文献标识码:A     

基于主题模型(LDA)的查新辅助分析系统设计研究

文章概述了主题概率模型（LDA）的计算原理和方法,以及开源R语言中lda程序包采用快速压缩吉普抽样算法分析语料库的处理流程。设计了基于LDA模型的查新辅助分析系统设计功能框架,对其功能、编程实现思路和工作流程做了描述。最后结合课题查新实例,详述了采用LDA模型通过相关文献关键词进行潜在主题挖掘,对比分析课题研究内容,对课题给出客观评价的过程。结果表明,基于主题模型的查新辅助分析系统可以快速有效挖掘相关文献主题,降低查新员对相关文献的分析难度,提高课题评价的客观性,整体辅助分析效果良好。     

税收优惠与研发投入——产权性质调节与成本粘性的中介作用

政府的辅助之手,能否通过税收优惠完善资源综合利用和引导创新资源投入?本文基于新增长理论和资源基础理论,以我国2008-2015年A股上市公司为样本,以产权性质为调节变量,成本粘性为中介变量,通过考察实际税率对企业研发投入和成本粘性的影响,揭示了税收优惠的资源配置效应。研究发现:税收优惠对企业研发投入有积极影响;成本粘性有助于企业研发投入的提升,对上述关系具有部分中介作用;产权性质通过成本粘性对这一关系起调节作用。这一结果为税收优惠的资源配置效应研究提供一定理论素材与有益参考。     

R-L-C串联交流电路-课教学方法探讨

R-L-C串联交流电路是电工技术课中单相交流电路部分的一节重要教学内容.本人在组织这节教学内容时,从复习、引课、新课教学、巩固新课到布置作业,对学生已掌握的知识作了充分考虑.复习为新课铺垫,引课由复习自然过渡,新课用复习的知识推导,课堂小结再配合例题,达到了巩固新课目,通过课堂实践效果很好.此文是本人授课实践整理,以供同行参考.