A comparative study of error detection in discourse

A study of error detection in discourse is reported in which children 10 to 13 years old listened to set of expository texts read aloud, read the texts via a moving window simulated on a computer screen, or read them typed on paper. Occasional changes were introduced in the texts, resulting in illformedness at a semantic level, at a morphosyntactic level, or (in reading) at an orthographic level. The subjects were 278 Swedish 4th and 6th grade pupils. Analysis of d showed that all test groups performed above chance, that 6th grade children were better at the task, and that errors were easiest to detect while listening. By the same standard, detecting errors when reading was easier from hard copy. However, 4th graders detected both more othographic and morpho-syntactic errors when reading from the moving window, suggesting some advantage in presenting text to younger readers from left to right.     

A model of regional economic development with increasing returns

INTRODUCTION The phenomenon of increasing returns to scale (IRS) has been discussed frequently in the economic literature (Young A.A., 1928; Romer, 1986; 1990; Young A., 1998; Dinopoulos and Sener, 1999; Jones, 2003; Corrado et al., 2006). However, much theo-retical literature on regional economic growth as-sumed constant returns to scale (CRS) to avoid the technical difficulties presented by IRS. Interest in dynamic models of growth with IRS was sparked by Arrow (1962) on learn…     

试论美国西部开发的历史对我国西部地区发展策略的启示

十九世纪美国的西进运动不仅是领土扩张运动,同时也是大规模移民及成功开发西部的运动,为美国能迅速成为世界上第一流的强国奠定了坚实的基础。本文从交通运输革命、依据区域优势带动经济全方位发展、政府发挥宏观调控作用、开发中必须充分利用各方面积极因素、经济发展中的环境保护等五个方面总结了美国西部开发的经验教训,并根据我国西部社会经济、地理环境实际情况提出西部地区发展策略的若干思路和设想。     

双运动原子与单模光场相互作用系统的原子布居数演化特性

运用全量子理论研究单模光场与双运动原子相互作用系统的原子布居演化规律,结果表明,原子布居数振荡的频率随原子运动速度和光子数的增大而增大,振幅随原子运动速度和光子数的增大而减小。     

Study of interaction between shock wave and unsteady boundary layer

This paper reports theoretical and experimental study of a new type of interaction of a moving shock wave with an unsteady boundary layer. This type of shock wave-boundary layer interaction describes a moving shock wave interaction with an unsteady boundary layer induced by another shock wave and a rarefaction wave. So it is different from the interaction of a stationary shock wave with steady boundary layer, also different from the interaction of a reflected moving shock wave at the end of a shock tube with unsteady boundary layer induced by an incident shock. Geometrical shock dynamics is used for the theoretical analysis of the shock wave-unsteady boundary layer interaction, and a double-driver shock tube with a rarefaction wave bursting diaphragm is used for the experimental investigation in this work. Projects (No. X61151) supported by Centre for Engineering Research at Zhejiang University of Technology, China     

EWMA算法在无线通信协议速率选择中的应用

如何根据无线环境的变化实时选择一个可靠的发送速率,进而保证数据传输的可靠性是无线通信研究的热点。针对传统累积和平均法（Cumulative Sum Average,CUSUMA）由于计算机存储数据位数的有限性可能导致的数据值超过计算机最大数据类型表示范围,进而造成统计数据丢失的问题,提出基于指数加权移动平均（Exponentially Weighted Moving Average, EWMA）算法,计算对应速率下的数据发送成功率,并根据计算出的成功率实现动态速率选择。该算法可用于解决通用平均值算法导致的因数据过大造成的统计数据丢失问题。     

Canonical correlation analysis of hydrological response and soil erosion under moving rainfall

The impacts of rainfall direction on the degree of hydrological response to rainfall properties were investigated using comparative rainfall-runoff experiments on a small-scale slope (4 m×1 m), as well as canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The results of the CCA, based on the observed data showed that, under conditions of both upstream and downstream rainfall movements, the hydrological process can be divided into instantaneous and cumulative responses, for which the driving forces are rainfall intensity and total rainfall, and coupling with splash erosion and wash erosion, respectively. The response of peak runoff (P _r) to intensity-dominated rainfall action appeared to be the most significant, and also runoff (R) to rainfall-dominated action, both for upstream- and downstream-moving conditions. Furthermore, the responses of sediment erosion in downstream-moving condition were more significant than those in upstream-moving condition. This study indicated that a CCA between rainfall and hydrological characteristics is effective for further exploring the rainfall-runoff-erosion mechanism under conditions of moving rainfall, especially for the downstream movement condition.     

Video Preservation and Digital Reformatting: Pain and Possibility

SUMMARY

The digital library community is increasingly concerned with long-term preservation of digital materials. This concern presents an opportunity for strategic alliances between digital library units and preservation departments confronting the difficulties inherent in preservation reformatting of moving image materials. However, successful collaboration between digital library and preservation departments may require adjustments to the work practices of each group, including their creation and management of metadata and their definition of acceptable practice with respect to preservation reformatting.