整合优质资源 培养创新型博士——荷兰大学研究院制度案例分析

大学研究院制度是荷兰国家创新制度体系的重要组成部分,是其国际竞争力形成与提高的主要因素。荷兰大学研究院之一的跨校教育研究中心的具体运作显示,组织机构开放、培养目标明确、优质资源整合、学科交叉融合、博士课程设置合理、灵活并重视博士生能力的养成等,是大学研究院的显著特征。荷兰大学研究院的制度设计及运作成效,显示了只有在制度上进行创新,才能集中优质教育资源,提升博士研究生教育及其研究的水平。     

高等教育的国际化:外国学生政策之比较分析(续)

高等教育的国际化主要可以由学生、教师、课程及研究这四个方向来进行。由于国际学生的流动人数庞大,其消费构成价值数百亿美元的市场,因此招收外国学生不只有利于长期政治、经贸关系的耕耘。国家竞争力的提升,更是重要的外销服务性产品,故工业先进国家和区域性组织将之视为既是高等教育、也是政治和经济的重要策略。为了进一步了解高等教育国际化的内涵与策略,本文由高等教育国际化的历史发展、高等教育国际市场的类型与规模切入,并分析欧盟、荷兰、澳洲、日本和马来西亚等国的相关政策。透过比较研究,本文指出高等教育国际化具有多重目标、留学生选择留学国家时考虑多重因素,因此为了完成高等教育国际化的特定目标,各国／区域组织必须选择对应策略。值得注意的是,高等教育国际化固然有其重要性,但是过度重视招收外国学生也可能带来负面影响。     

Deconfessionalising RE in pillarised education systems: a case study of Belgium and the Netherlands

This article reflects on the place of RE in a pillarised education context, taking into account the fact of religious diversity and pluralisation among the school population on the one hand, and the freedom of religion and education of faith-based schools on the other. Particular attention will be given to Belgium and the Netherlands, which do not only have a comparable pillarised education model, but also have a quite similar religious landscape. After a brief historical sketch of the educational systems in both nations, attention will be given to the present situation and to the challenges of religious diversity and secularism in faith-based schools. In order to meet these challenges, recent developments concerning RE in Belgium and the Netherlands are discussed. In conclusion, we will outline some suggestions for the future of RE in faith-based schools in a pillarised education context.     

Reasons and resources: understanding pupils’ aspirations in lower vocational Dutch education

Much research has already been done on the aspirations of young people in lower (vocational) education. As a result, we have learnt more about why students may have high or low aspirations, and to what end their aspirations may lead them. However, there are still some crucial elements missing from the existing academic framework around pupils’ aspirations, which deals with the realisation of pupils’ ambitions. Through the study of ethnographic cases of native Dutch white girls in a lower vocational school, voicing their aspirations, two new concepts will be introduced: reasons and resources. With these two additions, it is hoped that this article will contribute to the existing academic literature on pupils’ ambitions, and it also endeavours to provide useful input for school staff to help them deal with the complexity of the formation and realisation of pupils’ aspirations in vocational schools.     

Young people’s everyday romance and sexual experiences in relation to sex-related conversations with parents: a diary study in the Netherlands

This study builds on existing research into how young people’s emergent sexual development is connected to parent–child sex-related communication through avoidance vs. disclosure. Over the course of one year, a total of 21 young people (age range 12–17.5) reported in longitudinal qualitative diaries their (1) everyday sexual experiences and (2) sex-related conversations with their parents. Using a mixed-methods approach, findings show that less sexually experienced participants reported greater avoidance of parent–child sex-related conversations than more experienced participants. The sex-related conversations of more experienced participants mainly concerned overt experiences in the form of everyday issues with their romantic partner, while the conversations of less experienced participants were characterised by more covert experiences such as opinions about romantic relationships in general. These results suggest that the degree to which young people feel comfortable talking about sexuality with their parents partly depends on when the conversation takes place during a young person’s romantic and sexual development.     

Sorting or mixing? Multi-track and single-track schools and social inequalities in a differentiated educational system

In the Dutch stratified secondary educational system, schools vary in how many tracks are offered. While the tendency in the Netherlands is for schools to become smaller, a relevant policy question is whether multi-track school settings promote equality of educational opportunity. Comparing single-track schools at the pre-university and pre-vocational levels with multi-track schools offering the same exams, and using relative geographical distance as an instrument of school choice, the analyses showed that single-track pre-university schools enhance the probability of obtaining a pre-university diploma without delay, but more strongly so for students from disadvantaged backgrounds (who have a lower chance of going to such schools). The single-track pre-vocational schools were associated with a lower likelihood of achieving a diploma at a level higher than pre-vocational education. Multi-track schools within a varied system will not automatically enhance equal opportunities, as middle-class children will also benefit from the additional options that multi-track schools provide.     

荷兰公共图书馆事业概览

文章简要概述了荷兰公共图书馆行业的组织体系、融资方式、从业人员职业发展、行业政策和法规,并罗列了相关的统计数字,试图反映出荷兰公共图书馆体系的发展现状以及相比其他国家的独特之处。     

Development of Long Live Love+, a school-based online sexual health programme for young adults. An intervention mapping approach

This paper describes the development of a Dutch online programme called Long Live Love+ focusing on positive, coercion-free relationships, contraception use, and the prevention of STIs, using the Intervention Mapping (IM) approach. All six steps of the approach were followed. Step 1 confirmed the need for a sexual health programme targeting young people aged 15 and over enrolled in higher level secondary education. Step 2 resulted in the production of a series of matrices-of-changes, including detailed programme objectives at the behavioural and the psycho-social level. Step 3 involved the selection of relevant methods and applications. Step 4 consisted of programme development, resulting in a sexual health programme with online and offline components, and including interactive exercises. Step 5 focused on adoption and implementation and included the production of a detailed teacher manual. Step 6 involved detailed planning for the process and effect evaluation and included interviews with teachers and focus group discussions with students to evaluate their experiences of the programme. The inclusion of a linkage group – and especially the inclusion of teachers in the development of the programme – turned out to be essential in terms of developing a programme in line with their context and needs.     

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正Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)is a comprehensive academic publication in science and technology.It is included in Ei Compendex,CA,CSA and MR in America,Scopus in the Netherlands,INSPEC in UK,ZB1 MATH in Germany,AJ in Russia,and other databases.