“双导制”教学培养大众化高等教育体制下的新型大学生——设想及心理问卷调查

大众化的高等教育已经得到了广泛的实施,高等学校学生的素质有了一定程度的下降。如何搞好新体制下的高等教育工作,怎样培养好新一代的接班人,是高教工作者目前思考最多的问题。＂双导制＂教学的提出就是探讨如何解决这类问题,希望能起到＂抛砖引玉＂的效果。     

北京市中学党支部书记培训需求调查研究

2009年,北京教育学院＂北京市中学党支部书记培训需求调查研究＂课题组运用问卷调查法与访谈法对北京市中学党支部书记的个人基本情况、培训动机、培训知识、理论与方法需求、能力发展需求、培训模式需求等方面进行了调研,结果发现北京市中学党支部书记整体素质较高,注重个人专业提升与推进学校工作发展,在广泛需求的基础上更加注重与党务工作发展密切相关的理论学习,希望能够提升书记的核心能力,认为专题讲座、案例分析是最有效的学习方式,比较认可学校党建工作改进方案和案例集的培训成果形式。但是,北京市中学党支部书记也存在着年龄普遍偏大、面对新时期党建工作适应性不强等问题。根据上述结论,进一步提出了加强北京市中学党支部书记培训的几点建议。     

广东省职业技术院校学生信息素质调查研究

以对广东省8所职业技术院校的1 900名学生为样本进行的问卷调查为基础,从信息意识、信息知识与能力、信息道德这三个方面对职业技术院校学生信息素质现状进行分析,并对信息素质的影响因素进行相关性和差异性分析。最后提出应从提高对信息素质教育的重视程度、为学生创造良好的教育环境、开设适合职业技术院校学生的信息素质教育课程等几个方面努力提高学生的信息素质。     

转变观念 创新机制 在地质大调查中淬炼地调科研英才

成都地质调查中心围绕着事业发展目标,在人才工作中,牢固树立"以人为本,人才资源是第一资源"的用人理念,面对地调科研事业发展的重大历史机遇,以提高队伍野外工作能力和科研创新能力为主线,以培养中青年骨干人才为重点的发展战略,转变观念,创新机制,着力加强青年地调科研人才的培养使用,着力打造技术精湛、作风硬朗、能打硬仗的地调科研团队。     

生态建设工程对鄱阳湖区域土地利用/覆被变化的影响

生态建设工程可在很大程度上快速改变区域土地利用/覆被格局。本文以鄱阳湖区域三个典型村落为研究对象,利用遥感手段和实地调研获取研究区生态建设工程实施前(2000年)、后(2013年)土地利用信息,在此基础上,结合农户问卷调查,从土地利用程度综合指数(L_j)、土地利用重要性指数(C_i)、林草植被覆盖度(I)指数等方面,分析土地利用变化特征。结果表明:总体上,生态工程建设实施后,鄱阳湖典型村落土地利用程度均呈下降趋势,林草植被覆盖度呈上升趋势。这对于改善鄱阳湖区域生态环境质量具有重要的意义。不同生态建设工程对鄱阳湖区域典型村落土地利用变化影响差异明显。其中,退田还湖工程引起的土地利用变化的重要性指数相对较高,对综合土地利用程度和林草植被覆盖度影响最大;“一大四小”工程引起的土地利用变化的重要性指数也相对较高。单一的“一大四小”工程对土地利用程度和林草植被覆被度的影响较小,但“一大四小”工程与退田还湖工程重合部分使土地利用程度下降,林草植被覆盖度提升。退耕还林工程引起的土地利用变化的重要性指数相对较低,其对土地利用程度和林草植被覆盖度影响较大。     

The experience of violence against children in domestic servitude in Haiti: Results from the Violence Against Children Survey,Haiti 2012

BackgroundThere have been estimates that over 150,000 Haitian children are living in servitude. Child domestic servants who perform unpaid labor are referred to as “restavèks.” Restavèks are often stigmatized, prohibited from attending school, and isolated from family placing them at higher risk for experiencing violence. In the absence of national data on the experiences of restavèks in Haiti, the study objective was to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of restavèks in Haiti and to assess their experiences of violence in childhood.MethodsThe Violence Against Children Survey was a nationally representative, cross-sectional household survey of 13–24 year olds (n = 2916) conducted May–June 2012 in Haiti. A stratified three-stage cluster design was used to sample households and camps containing persons displaced by the 2010 earthquake. Respondents were interviewed to assess lifetime prevalence of physical, emotional, and sexual violence occurring before age 18. Chi-squared tests were used to assess the association between having been a restavèk and experiencing violence in childhood.FindingsIn this study 17.4% of females and 12.2% of males reported having been restavèks before age 18. Restavèks were more likely to have worked in childhood, have never attended school, and to have come from a household that did not have enough money for food in childhood. Females who had been restavèks in childhood had higher odds of reporting childhood physical (OR 2.04 [1.40–2.97]); emotional (OR 2.41 [1.80–3.23]); and sexual violence (OR 1.86 [95% CI 1.34–2.58]) compared to females who had never been restavèks. Similarly, males who had ever been restavèks in childhood had significantly increased odds of emotional violence (OR 3.06 [1.99–4.70]) and sexual violence (OR 1.85 [1.12–3.07]) compared to males who had never been restavèks, but there was no difference in childhood physical violence.InterpretationThis study demonstrates that child domestic servants in Haiti experience higher rates of childhood violence and have less access to education and financial resources than other Haitian children. These findings highlight the importance of addressing both the lack of human rights law enforcement and the poor economic circumstances that allow the practice of restavèk to continue in Haiti.     

The making of homophilic networks in international research collaborations: A global perspective from Chilean and Korean engineering

As globalization has expedited mobility of faculty across nations, faculty hiring is taking place at an international level. Institutions and governments often perceive hiring faculty who were trained in different countries as a strategy for reaching the status of world-class universities. The major assumption behind this hiring strategy is that faculty who are educated in prestigious universities in foreign countries will bring cutting edge knowledge and networks that will lead to future research collaborations. Yet, a dearth of research empirically investigated the assumption that institutions that train future foreign faculty and those that hire faculty with foreign degrees will have greater presence in the international networks of research collaboration. Filling this hole, this study examines this assumption from an international perspective, using the case of industrial engineering departments at selective research universities in Chile and Korea. Based on the unique data that document faculty hiring (degree attainment institutions) and research collaboration (co-authorship), and institutional prestige (global ranking positions), we analyzed the relationship between faculty hiring network and research collaboration network, as well as their association with institutional prestige. The results provide strong evidence of the positive relationships between doctoral training and future research collaboration, and the strong presence of institutions with global prestige. These relationships result in homophilic networks that suggest a concern about a reduced diversity in theoretical perspective and research methods within the disciplinary field.     

Explaining attendance through the brand community triad: Integrating network theory and team identification

In this study, the authors empirically test a model of sport behaviour that integrates both team identification and a network theory approach to understand attendance at intercollegiate ice hockey games. Grounded within the brand community triad, ego network data were collected among attendees to measure the fan-to-fan connections that constitute the horizontal relationships of brand community participants. Additionally, a multidimensional team identification measure was used to illustrate the vertical relationship between individual and team. Both measures were included in a structural equation model to test how both fan-to-fan and fan-team relationships explain attendance. The results from the model support the salience of both dimensions of the brand community triad, suggesting that understanding sport fan behaviour necessitates including both psychological and structural elements of behaviour. Future suggestions for extending the study of sport fans through structural networks are discussed.     

A Rational Examination of Integrating “Classics” into University General Education Curriculum: An Empirical Survey Based on N University

Abstract

The power of general education curriculum comes from the enduring classics. The authors apply research methods such as questionnaire survey, interview, and observation to investigate the state of general education curriculum implementation at N University and analyze problems faced by incorporating classics. Based on this, the authors propose that universities should rationally review the practical value of “classics” in general education and enhance the effective integration of classics into general education curriculum by improve the texts for teaching, instruction methods, teaching personnel, and assessment modes, to achieve general education’s objective of cultivating the “whole person.”     

Inter-agency cooperation in the quality assurance of transnational education: challenges and opportunities

This paper presents the findings of a study undertaken by the United Kingdom Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA), with support from the International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education (INQAAHE), aimed at investigating the challenges and limits to cross-border cooperation in the quality assurance of transnational education. The study builds on the outcomes of the recently concluded Erasmus Mundus project Quality Assurance of Cross-Border Higher Education (QACHE) and in particular the QACHE Toolkit developed as part of the project to foster cooperation between quality assurance agencies in quality assuring transnational education. Based on the responses to a survey sent to QAA’s partner agencies in key sending and receiving countries of transnational education, the study extract recommendations to agencies to help them developing viable strategies for inter-agency cooperation, identifying concrete ways in which they might or might not cooperate across borders.