A Symposium on the Classification of Educational Research

ABSTRACT

The Province of Québec subsidizes nearly 50% of private education, and at the same time heavily regulates private schools. To date, no studies have been done to determine the effect of the unique nature of competition from K–12 private schools on public school education of the sort found in Québec. The authors used multiple regression to determine the effects of private school competition on school district performance and efficiency. The authors found that private school competition has a positive, though nonsignificant, effect on school district performance. However, private school competition does have a significant, positive effect on the efficiency of public school districts. This gain in efficiency is explained by competition's influence on lowering expenditures across the board.     

What Difference Does a Major Make? The Influence of College Major Field on Persistence by African American and White Students

The results from this study indicate similarities and differences in the factors related to the persistence of White and African American students in their freshman and sophomore years in college. Using random samples of data from students enrolled in public institutions of higher education in a Midwestern state, OLS regression analyses indicated that African American sophomores in the high-demand major fields (e.g., Business, Health, and Engineering/Computer Science) were more likely to persist than were those in other major fields, but there were no statistically significant differences in persistence for African American freshmen in other fields. While major fields were not statistically significant for White sophomores, White freshmen in social sciences or undecided about their majors were less likely to persist. The effects of financial aid packages on persistence varied across race.     

新疆地区储蓄模型的建立与分析

通过建立和分析储蓄函数,对1978～2004年新疆地区的居民储蓄进行了实证研究。研究表明,新疆地区居民的储蓄行为在不同的历史阶段有明显的区别,随着社会经济的发展,储蓄行为会变得越来越无规律。     

基于OLS模型的中学师生关系影响因素分析

通过对我国中、东部地区4省12所中学1865名学生的问卷调查获得第一手资料,建立OLS模型,主要从教师情绪、学生表现和家庭情况这三个维度分析当前影响师生关系的诸多因素,并对农村与城区学校师生关系影响因素进行比较分析,研究发现:我国中学师生关系总体表现良好,老师发脾气会对师生关系有一定负面影响;学生干部更擅长处理与老师的关系,在乎学业成绩的学生比不在乎学业成绩的学生具有更好的师生关系;与漠不关心型家庭的学生相比,民主和专制家庭的学生与老师关系更融洽;与父母一起生活的学生师生关系更和谐等。最后,从“教师有效管理情绪劳动”“不断提升信任力”“学生培养可信赖品质”“家长当好师生信任的‘中间人’”“学校和社会更加关爱留守儿童”等方面提出建议。     

Determinants of China's Technology Availability and Utilization 2006–2009: A Spatial Analysis

There are significant regional disparities in the level of technology availability and utilization in China. This study analyzes determinants of technology availability and utilization in China's 31 administrative units using data on technology adoption and socioeconomic factors. It examines the extent of spatial autocorrelation on technology levels and regression residuals, and provides exploratory spatial cluster analysis of technology attributes interpreted by four regional policy approaches. An exploratory conceptual model is established, based on diffusion of innovations theory and prior digital divide research. Regression findings indicate the most significant determinant of technology availability and utilization is export commodities value. This is followed by published books, tertiary employment, non-state-owned employment, and innovation funds of enterprises. The conceptual model is discussed in light of these findings and suggestions are offered for China's technology policy.     

扶贫资源输入对贫困地区分配公平的影响

扶贫资源作为惠及部分贫困人口的特殊公共资源,其本质上带有公平属性。而在收入差距逐步扩大的现实背景下,扶贫资源分配对收入分配公平的积极作用亟待检验。基于此,本文利用2017年集中连片贫困地区909户农户样本数据,通过PSM模型与带有交互项的OLS模型考察了扶贫资源输入对收入分配公平的影响及其机制。结果表明：精准扶贫政策以转移支付及机会供给这两种方式向乡村社会输入了大量扶贫资源 ,有效改善了贫困地区的分配公平,具体表现在贫困人口年均收入增速高出非贫困人口4.2%,且其分配公平感也高出非贫困人口0.470。但贫困人口对转移支付的非理性偏好问题也随之产生,因此一方面要发挥乡村熟人社会的治理功能,充分调动贫困人口的脱贫主体性,改善其对转移支付的非理性偏好;另一方面也要优化扶贫资源分配结构,对不同类型贫困家庭实行差异化的扶贫政策,以此保障精准扶贫政策在促进分配公平的同时,提高扶贫资源利用效率。     

外商直接投资与福建省技术创新关系研究

关于外商直接投资是否能促进技术创新这一命题,国内外的研究都没有取得一致的结论。运用面板协整工具和动态最小二乘法来检验福建省1990～2004年间的外商直接投资的技术溢出效应与技术创新的相关关系。结果显示:外商直接投资与福建省技术创新存在着长期稳定的关系;如果跨越了一定的人力资本门槛,那么外商直接投资从总体上就对技术创新产生了积极的影响,也就是说人力资本在外商直接投资促进福建省技术创新中起着关键的作用。     

基于时间序列DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的GDP预测模型

采用基于不变目标区域法对1992-2013年DMSP夜间灯光数据进行相互校正、饱和校正和影像间的连续性校正,提取出同期中国大陆31个省级行政区夜间灯光强度信息,并与统计GDP数据建立线性、指数、二次项和乘幂回归模型。通过比较预测GDP与统计GDP误差,选出各自的最优拟合模型。结果表明：1）校正解决了DMSP夜间灯光长时间序列影像之间不稳定、不连续的问题;2）校正后的DMSP夜间灯光数据集与GDP强相关;3）中国大陆GDP预测的指数模型最佳,R²达到0.97,平均相对误差仅为11.32%;4）31个省级行政区按时间序列构建GDP预测模型优于每年各省级行政区模型。4个直辖市和经济总量前6的行政区指数模型最优,其余省份二次项模型最优,R²均达到0.95以上,GDP预测相对误差10%左右。     

基于灰色预测和OLS的我国通用航空需求预测

通过对我国通用航空发展现状的分析,运用灰色预测模型和OLS方法,对未来通用航空的需求进行了预测．结果显示,到2020年我国通用航空飞行需求总量是现有量的3．5倍,通用航空器的需求数量是现有量的4．3倍,我国通用航空需求空间巨大,增长潜力十分明显．     

知识产权保护对江苏区域创新能力提升的影响

从知识产权保护的角度扩展Coe和Helpman的研究模型,利用2000—2013年的时间序列数据探讨知识产权保护对江苏省区域创新能力提升的影响。实证结果显示:知识产权保护对江苏区域创新能力提升有着显著正向影响,区域创新能力随着知识产权保护强度增加而逐步提升,达到拐点后这种影响有所回落,因此知识产权保护对区域创新能力的影响大致呈倒U型趋势。实证结果指出,为提升区域创新能力,目前江苏省政府应继续加强知识产权保护,但要适度。