21世纪以来俄罗斯推动义务教育城乡均衡发展的政策述评

在《2010年前俄罗斯教育现代化构想》、《国家教育优先发展方案》和《我们的新学校》框架下,俄罗斯推进义务教育城乡均衡发展的政策主要包括改善农村学校条件、提高农村教师地位、保障儿童受教育机会三个方面。其特征是注重高质量基础上的教育均衡,遵循平等的补偿原则,追求多样化的教育均衡。     

What makes a skilled writer? Working memory and audience awareness during text composition

This study investigated the role of working memory capacity as a factor for individual differences in the ability to compose a text with communicative efficiency based on audience awareness. We analyzed its differential effects on the dynamics of the writing processes, as well as on the content of the finished product. Twenty-five graduate students composed a procedural text explaining how to assemble a model turbine. They were free to consult a documentary source, featuring captioned pictures of turbine parts and assembly steps, at any time. Graphomotor and eye movements were recorded using ‘Eye and Pen’ software with an eye-tracker and digitizing tablet. Results showed that high WM capacity writers used a different strategy to explore the visual source, making longer writing pauses and producing more detailed procedures, and achieved the communicative goal more efficiently, by introducing more reader supports. In conclusion, we discuss the feasibility of audience awareness training.     

Inter-Parietal White Matter Development Predicts Numerical Performance in Young Children

In an effort to understand the role of interhemispheric transfer in numerical development, we investigated the relationship between children's developing knowledge of numbers and the integrity of their white matter connections between the cerebral hemispheres (the corpus callosum). We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography analyses to test the link between the development of the corpus callosum and performance on symbolic and non-symbolic numerical judgment tasks. We were especially interested in the interhemispheric connections of parietal cortex in 6-year-old children, because regions of parietal cortex have been implicated in the development of numerical skills by several prior studies. Our results revealed significant structural differences between children and adults in the fibers of the corpus callosum connecting the left and right parietal lobes. Importantly, these structural differences were predictive of individual differences among children in performance on numerical judgment tasks: children with poor numerical performance relative to their peers exhibited reduced white matter coherence in the fibers passing through the isthmus of the corpus callosum, which connects the parietal hemispheres.     

An investigation of Taiwan University students' perceptions of online academic help seeking, and their web-based learning self-efficacy

This study was conducted to investigate Taiwan University students' perceptions (including experience, confidence and preference) of online academic help seeking (OAHS) and students' level of web-based learning self-efficacy (WLSE). Two instruments, OAHS questionnaire, consisting of information searching, formal and informal query scales, and WLSE questionnaire, including general and functional scales, were then validated through collecting the responses from 300 university students. Results indicate reciprocal relations between experience, confidence and preference in students' online academic help seeking behaviors. Students' academic help seeking behaviors were related to their general self-efficacy in a web-based course setting. Students' functional WLSE was related to their perceptions of information searching for OAHS. Findings of this study also imply that students' experience of seeking help from informal online channels is prominent when they participate in a web-based course.     

Socioeconomic Status– and Gender‐Based Differences in Students’ Perceptions of E‐Learning Systems

Many universities are pursuing increases in on‐line course offerings as a means of offsetting the rising costs of providing high‐quality educational opportunities and of better serving their student populations. However, enrollments in online courses are not always sufficient to cover their costs. One possible way of improving enrollments is through marketing campaigns targeted to specific demographic groups. In this study, we take a first look into how students’ perceptions of e‐learning systems, prior to their enrollment in an online course, vary across socioeconomic status and gender. Findings suggest that prior to taking an online course, working‐class students perceive e‐learning systems more positively than their middle‐class peers but that little difference exists between genders. Armed with this knowledge, universities may improve online course enrollments by marketing online courses specifically to working‐class students or through campaigns aimed at improving middle‐class students’ perceptions of e‐learning systems.     

提升旅游产业开放水平助推海南国际旅游岛建设

为提升旅游产业开放水平,助推海南国际旅游岛建设,文章紧密结合国务院出台的《国务院关于推进海南国际旅游岛建设发展的若干意见》,从海南旅游产业开放的重要性和紧迫性对海南旅游产业开放现状进行分析,并指出其特征;通过对海南旅游产业开放存在问题的分析,指出海南旅游产业开放所应进行的路径选择。     

论“海南岛梦之岛”的文化品牌建设

2010年伊始,国务院发布《国务院关于推进海南国际旅游岛建设发展的若干意见》,海南建设国际旅游岛的梦想正式起航。如何抓住此次机遇,顺利实现国际旅游岛的建设开发,关键在于文化。要努力打造适合国际旅游岛建设的文化品牌——“海南岛梦之岛”,使海南国际旅游岛真正成为游客心中的“梦之岛”。     

国有企业人力资源开发与管理思考及对策

在知识经济时代，企业间的竞争实质上是人才的竞争，人力资源的开发和管理已成为企业在激烈的市场竞争中制胜的主要因素。本文通过分析国有企业的人才现状和成因，提出国有企业必须充分了解和把握人力资源管理理念和管理模式的大趋势，通过采取优化的管理措施和对策，形成人力资源开发与管理工作的新格局，从而有效地开发和管理人力资源，激发和提升人力资源的活力和潜力，不断提高企业的市场竞争力。     

我党海峡两岸关系政策的发展及启示

建国后中国共产党对台方针政策经历了从武力解放台湾、和平解放台湾、“和平统一，一国两制”以及处理两岸关系八项主张的变化过程。中国共产党关于两岸关系政策的演变和发展，可使我们得到许多有益的启示。