Listening to children’s views of spiritual and metaphysical concepts: A new dimension to educational psychology practice?

Educational psychologists (EPs) have for many years been developing techniques for listening to children. The aim of the present research was to investigate ways of listening to the “spiritual” views of children in order to develop questions that educational psychologists might use as part of the assessment repertoire. The study explored children’s spiritual concepts such as their purpose for “being on the planet” and the “meaning of their life”. The findings suggest that primary and secondary school children from mixed religious backgrounds can respond to spiritual questions in a clear way. In addition, most children believed that spiritual views influence how children behave. Further research is required to explore whether children’s views of spiritual concepts are linked to learning and progress in school and in life.     

从《型世言》评点看陆云龙的义利观

陆云龙是晚明东南沿海地区较有影响的评选家、小说家兼书坊主,半儒半商的双重身份使他对金钱的价值以及对当时盛行的拜金主义世情有着深刻的理解和认识,儒家传统的价值观以及经济伦理思想深刻地影响了陆云龙义利观的形成,其义利观鲜明地表现在他对《型世言》的评点之中。     

刘知几《史通》的笔记小说观念

唐代著名史学家刘知几在《史通》中全面客观地阐述了笔记小说观念。刘知几提出了“偏记小说”的概念,揭示了笔记小说可与正史参行的“自成一家”的真实地位,明显提升了笔记小说的史学价值;《史通》中有关“偏记小说”的分类和列举,则清晰可见刘知几的笔记小说分类观念较之于《隋书&;#183;经籍志》有了进步,为史家重新认识笔记小说的学术地位,审视笔记小说的社会功能,利用笔记小说丰富正统史学,乃至效仿撰作笔记小说,提供了理论依据;刘知几以史眼判断笔记小说的价值,强调笔记小说惩恶劝善、可供教化的社会功用,表达了正统史学对笔记小说价值认同的程度,进而为笔记小说的发展指明了方向。总之,刘知几《史通》的笔记小说观念,对中唐以后笔记小说的发展和繁荣,产生了深远的影响。     

金庸武侠小说中的爱情故事解读

金庸是武侠小说的集大成者,创造了中国文学史上的一个辉煌时刻,不少论者从女性哥特式批评视角,认为金庸笔下的女性是男权话语与权利体系下对女性形象的扭曲,女性无法走出菲勒斯中心的巨大阴影,丧失了自己存在的主体意识,失去了自己存在的本真性。实际上,金庸笔下众多或美丽或凄婉的爱情故事,展现了爱情的广泛、爱情的深层次和爱情的奇特,表现了金庸的爱情理想和积极进步的女性爱情观。     

司马迁进步妇女观原因探析

《史记》中一位位光彩夺目、熠熠生辉的妇女形象,是西汉时期优惠的妇女政策、自由的妇女风气、人格独立的士文化与司马迁超人的见识和才干完芙结合共同孕育的一朵朵奇葩!     

An efficient page ranking approach based on vector norms using sNorm(p) algorithm

In the whole world, the internet is exercised by millions of people every day for information retrieval. Even for a small to smaller task like fixing a fan, to cook food or even to iron clothes persons opt to search the web. To fulfill the information needs of people, there are billions of web pages, each having a different degree of relevance to the topic of interest (TOI), scattered throughout the web but this huge size makes manual information retrieval impossible. The page ranking algorithm is an integral part of search engines as it arranges web pages associated with a queried TOI in order of their relevance level. It, therefore, plays an important role in regulating the search quality and user experience for information retrieval. PageRank, HITS, and SALSA are well-known page ranking algorithm based on link structure analysis of a seed set, but ranking given by them has not yet been efficient. In this paper, we propose a variant of SALSA to give sNorm(p) for the efficient ranking of web pages. Our approach relies on a p-Norm from Vector Norm family in a novel way for the ranking of web pages as Vector Norms can reduce the impact of low authority weight in hub weight calculation in an efficient way. Our study, then compares the rankings given by PageRank, HITS, SALSA, and sNorm(p) to the same pages in the same query. The effectiveness of the proposed approach over state of the art methods has been shown using performance measurement technique, Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR), Precision, Mean Average Precision (MAP), Discounted Cumulative Gain (DCG) and Normalized DCG (NDCG). The experimentation is performed on a dataset acquired after pre-processing of the results collected from initial few pages retrieved for a query by the Google search engine. Based on the type and amount of in-hand domain expertise 30 queries are designed. The extensive evaluation and result analysis are performed using MRR, [email protected], MAP, DCG, and NDCG as the performance measuring statistical metrics. Furthermore, results are statistically verified using a significance test. Findings show that our approach outperforms state of the art methods by attaining 0.8666 as MRR value, 0.7957 as MAP value. Thus contributing to the improvement in the ranking of web pages more efficiently as compared to its counterparts.     

“然诺”辨

然诺,是上古文明积淀下来的一种理念。《史记》把然诺与义相提并论,以"仁"、"义"二字,提炼"然诺"观念以概括游侠特色,其意义在于提倡正直的侠义精神,弘扬天下为公、行仁重义的文化观念。     

建构主义学习理论述评

建构主义作为一种学习哲学，是教育研究的重要领域．目前已取得了丰富的研究成果。该回顾了建构主义理论研究的现状．并对建构主义研究及应用探索的新领域进行了分析和探讨。     

我们应该有怎样的教材观

过于依靠教材，以为教材改了一切问题便可迎刃而解的错觉将使新一轮课程改革简化为一场教材的革命。与其关注教什么，不如关注怎么教。应该确立新的教材观，教材是课程的一部分，它理应具有该课程体系所有的品质和特性；应该采用新的教材处理方式，用教材教还是教教材是新旧教学的分水岭。     

论唐代古文运动的领袖人物韩愈

韩愈是唐代古文运动中做出重要贡献的领袖之一。本文从他创作的思想理论基础、创作形式与内容以及对前人散文遗产全面而富有创造性的继承和革新等方面,论述韩愈在古文运动中的重要作用及其突出成就。