Colorimetric measurement of anxiety: A clinical and experimental procedure∗

This study investigated the effects of leader structuring style (attention to group interaction procedures) on group member satisfaction and communication performance when the task‐orientation of group members varied. Results indicated little difference in the behavior of high task‐oriented subjects regardless of whether they interacted with structuring or nonstructuring leaders. Subjects low in task‐orientation, however, were significantly more satisfied with their leader and their group's task performance, and were rated by judges of discussion tapes as being in higher quality discussion groups and as making more communication skills statements and fewer social‐emotional contributions when they worked with structuring leaders than when they worked with nonstructuring leaders.     

新闻出版标准与新闻出版法规体系的协调发展研究(三)——环境保护和工程建设行业标准与法规体系的协调发展及其对新闻出版行业的启示

环境保护和工程建设是国内较早重视标准与法规体系协调发展的两个行业,并且已经在行业内形成较为完备的标准与法规体系协调配套机制。目前,环境保护标准与法规之间保持着良好互动关系。一方面,环境保护法规在制定中会在有关条文中体现相关环境保护标准;另一方面,环境保护标准在制定过程中会以现行的各种环境保护法规为依据。而工程建设标准与法规也具有积极的互动关系,工程建设标准的发展促进了相关法律法规的编制与修改,各类工程建设法规工作的有效开展,则保障了相关标准的实施。我们应该借鉴环境保护和工程建设行业的经验,建立符合新闻出版行业的、完善的新闻出版标准法规体系,按照法律、行政法规、规章层次顺序自上而下形成配套的系统。     

人教版第一套教材评析

人教版第一套教材是人民教育出版社最早编辑出版的一套通用教科书,也是继开国教科书之后的新中国第二套教材。这套教材开始使用于1951年春季学期,终结于1954年春季学期,涵盖中小学主体学科和师范教育科目,以教科书或课本为主,以修订再版或改编为主,并较多地借鉴了苏联经验,带有明显的过渡性质。但这套教材也有部分新编或重编,并且在编辑方式和出版设计上有不少创新,更为重要的是建立了全国中小学课本由国家统一供应的基础,为之后新中国第一套统编教材提供了借鉴。     

高中语文教材文言文字、词注释评略

文言文字、词的注释,体现一部教材的质量。1999年人教版高中语文教材中的文言文字、词注释比旧教材精当、可信,对其中错误作了较多修订,某些条目词义歧义重作决断,疏略之处有所增补,以及详略得当。但也存在不够完善的地方,个别词条的释义有待推敲,个别词义当注而未注,吸收新研究成果不够,某些字词释义有前后抵牾情况等。     

从蒙学教科书到最新教科书--中国近代教科书的诞生

从传统蒙学读本向近代教科书转变的过程发生在晚清。一般公认1897年南洋公学外院师范生陈懋治等人编《蒙学课本》三编,还有1898年无锡三等学堂俞复、丁宝书、杜嗣程和吴稚晖等创办者编就的《蒙学课本》,是中国人自编教科书之始。新学堂和近代出版业的发展促进了教科书的诞生。文明书局20世纪初推出的一套“蒙学教科书”,汲取了西方分科思想,在学科设置上较明显地具有了近代学科意识。商务印书馆的“最新教科书”,按照学制规程来编辑课文,不论是规模的健全还是编辑的规范性,都标志着中国近代教科书的诞生。     

《古汉语常用字字典》述略

《古汉语常用字字典》是以著名语言学家、北京大学中文系教授、博士生导师王力先生为首的一批专家、学者编写的，商务印书馆1979年出版了第一版，2005年出版了第四版。《古汉语常用字字典》是新中国成立后第一部用现代语言学和辞书学观点、方法编写的古汉语方面的字典，在汉语辞书史上有重要的、里程碑式的意义。文章概述了《古汉语常用字字典》的编写经过、学术基础、主要内容、修订及版本情况、所获荣誉、有关评价和在辞书史上的地位。     

论清末舆论界的自由宣传

自由观念,是学界和社会比较关注的问题。清末,舆论界关于自由的宣传是我们审视清末社会历史发展的绝佳视角。目前学界相关研究存在的问题,主要体现在对于其在多个领域中缺乏较为清晰的认识和进一步地探究。其实,在清末这样的大变革时期,舆论界围绕着自由这一概念,从政治、经济、社会等方面广泛宣传,并产生着深刻的影响。直到新世纪的今天,舆论界关于自由的宣传仍然无处不在。因此,探讨清末舆论界的自由宣传有着重要的学术价值和现实意义。     

Patterns of Social Support Communicated in Response to Expressions of Uncertainty in an Online Community of Young Adults with Cancer

In order to develop more effective ways of helping adolescents and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors cope with cancer-related uncertainty, it is important to understand how AYAs respond communicatively to each other's uncertainty. We designed this project to gain insight into the patterns of social support that occur in response to AYAs' expressions of uncertainty. We analyzed 510 responses to posts in an AYA-focused online discussion group. Eighty-two percent of messages responding to uncertainty contained informational support. Sixty-seven percent contained multiple types of support. Among medical, personal, and social sources of uncertainty, the most typical response tended to be a combination of informational support accompanied by emotional and/or esteem support. AYAs who express uncertainty in online support groups should be advised that their posts are likely to be met with information, such as advice and referrals, which may either facilitate or impede their uncertainty management goals.     

'Greyish Rectangles': Creating the television heritage

In the early months of 1947, as it sought to save power during an acute fuel crisis, Clement Attlee's Labour government suspended the publication of all British periodicals for a period of two weeks. This would have been a bold step for any government, let alone one which had as uncomfortable a relationship with the press as Attlee's did, and, at the time, the press was not slow to suggest that the suspension was motivated as much by political factors as it was by a desire to conserve fuel. This article examines the implementation and nature of the suspension, exploring the tensions it generated and asking whether the government's actions can be described—as they were by some contemporary observers—as a deliberate act of suppression.     

The Russian Book Market in 2006

The authors examine trends in Russian book publishing in 2006, including statistics and subjects covered. Russia has been the guest of honor at several recent international book fairs, a testament to the vibrancy of its publishing culture. Major prizes and anniversaries related to books, journalism, and scholarship are discussed. The article concludes with a consideration of past, present, and future price increases for books and serials—wholesale prices in Russia and Russian Press Service's prices for its library customers.