A new phenomenon of quantum-dot cellular automata

INTRODUCTION The concept of logic circuits based on quan-tum-dot cellular automata(QCA)has received much attention since it was first proposed by Lent et al.(1993)due to prospects of extremely low-power op-eration and drastic reduction of interconnections.The basic QCA building block is represented by a bistable cell made up of four quantum dots or metallic islands at the vertices of a square and containing two elec-trons that can align along two different diagonals,thus encoding two lo…     

网络嵌入、知识搜索与企业研发投入——一项基于模糊集的定性比较分析

运用模糊集定性比较分析方法研究网络成员关系、知识搜索方式和搜索策略影响企业提升研发投入的路径,分析了创新偏好型企业和低创新偏好型企业在提升研发投入上的路径差异,研究发现促进低创新偏好型企业提升研发投入的2条路径和促进创新偏好型企业提升研发投入的3条路径,研究结论为实施网络化管理以促进企业研发投入提供理论依据,同时也为完善技术创新的网络联盟管理提供一个有价值的思路。     

EDUCATION AND EXAMINATIONS IN THE USSR

This paper critically examines the English National Curriculum (NC) for History and its Schemes of Work’s development of temporal cognition within the primary school. In addition, it outlines the findings of a longitudinal research study into Year 4 pupils’ assimilation of historical time. The paper contends that the development of historical time concepts within the NC and the Schemes of Work is confused and would seem to be based upon little, if any, empirical findings. It is concluded, based upon the findings from this research study, that the NC and its Schemes of Work do not offer an effective approach to the development of temporal cognition.     

制度环境不确定性、联盟组合配置与企业绩效:一个基于fsQCA方法的研究

应用组态思维和fsQCA实证分析方法,选取中国深证A股512家制造企业的数据集,探究影响企业绩效的多重并发因素和因素复杂机制.结果发现,驱动企业实现高绩效的四种策略及对应的组态模式,分别为适应策略下的资源式组合、共生策略下的资源-协调式组合、吸收策略下的资源-吸收式组合和保存策略下的非多样性式组合.通过关注企业对环境动...     

社会化问答用户信息搜寻的影响因素研究——一种混合方法的视角

[目的/意义]虽然已有学者通过实证分析社会化问答用户信息搜寻的影响因素,但是目前研究还未探究影响因素间的搭配组合对信息搜寻的影响。为解决这一研究局限,从混合方法的视角出发,在回归分析方法的基础上借助定性比较分析法（qualitative comparative analysis,QCA）来深化对用户特征因素和激励因素之间搭配组合产生影响的认识。[方法/过程]通过回顾先前关于网络用户信息搜寻行为影响因素的研究,指出可以采用QCA来尝试解决存在的研究局限,并以社会化问答用户信息搜寻为实例,运用回归分析方法和QCA方法分析社会化问答社区用户信息搜寻行为的影响因素,比较和总结这两种方法得到的结果。[结果/结论]研究表明,回归分析有助于研究者发现哪些因素会对网络用户的信息搜寻行为产生显著影响,而QCA方法有助于研究者发现这些影响因素如何组合搭配来产生影响作用。     

A ‘Multimodal Ecology of Text’ in Advanced Level English Language examinations? The incorporation of graphology and ‘embodied’ facsimile texts in unit test papers and their assessment since 2001

In this paper we compare the representation of texts in a sample of Advanced Level English Language examination papers set over the past decade in order to explore the changes in ‘what constitutes English and its assessment’. Prior to the year 2000, texts used in most A Level Language examination papers were usually typeset in a word processed format stripped of original font, layout, accompanying images, and colour, and devoid of the material marks of the texts' ‘history’ and materiality. From 2001, the texts for AQA B examination papers¹ have been reproduced in facsimile form to include the original graphology used. This shift in production in the materiality of embodiment has led to a corresponding shift in assessment in the codes of recognition of what constitutes English text, and what counts as English response. The sample of texts that we discuss present an ‘ecology of text’ and an ‘ecology of texts and literacy practices’ on a ‘continuum of multimodality’: from the heavily edited, word processed, linguistically circumscribed texts of the 1990s examination papers, through to the more visually‐dependent texts of 2004 with their manner of writing, typographic detail, colour, and sometimes even complete with creases and stains. Taking a multimodal approach to these texts, we discuss the implications of this change for what is being required of students analysing texts for examination assessment and more broadly for the subject ‘English’ ‐ ‘what English is’. We also consider how this shift problematizes the English work of students, teachers, examiners, and the institutions in which these agents operate.     

创新网络中不同主体关系强度配置与创新绩效关系——基于QCA的实证分析

与以往的网络关系强度和创新的关系研究不同,提出一个全新的不同行为主体关系强度要素配置构建模型,试图揭示创新绩效不是依赖于某一类行为主体的关系强度,而是依赖于不同类型主体的关系强度要素配置,其中与不同主体的关系强度水平不同,并以北京中关村科技园167家企业为研究对象,采用代表架构理论的QCA方法对所构建模型进行实证检验。研究结果显示:关系强度要素配置的3个条件组合构成创新绩效提升的充分条件,其中与行业内企业保持强关系是提升创新绩效的必要条件。研究说明网络结构中不同行为主体间关系强度要素的互相关联性是提升创新绩效的一个重要考量;同时,对企业创新网络关系的科学管理和创新开发战略等实践活动具有一定的指导意义。     

政府数据开放准备度关键影响因素识别——以省级地方政府为例

[目的/意义]政府数据开放的准备度是为向社会提供更高价值数据所做准备的完善程度,考察影响地方政府数据开放准备度的差异影响因素并据此提出推进路径,旨在促进数据开放实践可持续.[方法/过程]运用定性比较分析方法,以13个省级政府数据开放准备度政策等作为研究样本,分析影响政府数据开放准备度的多种因素的"联合效应"和各因素之间...     

高校与地方政府共建的新型研发机构多要素多组态发展模式研究

基于资源基础观使用fs/QCA对广东省19个高校与地方政府共建的新型研发机构案例进行组态分析.研究发现,(1)当地产业基础、院校品牌、政府和院校资源支持无法单独构成高质量新型研发机构的必要条件;(2)存在驱动高质量高校与当地政府构建新型研发机构的3条路径:1)当地产业基础好,院校品牌知名度高可获得较好发展;2)若院校品...     

中国制造业数字化转型评价及影响因素研究——基于模糊集定性比较分析

数字经济背景下,科学衡量我国区域制造业数字化转型程度并深入探讨数字化转型的关键因素和主要驱动路径对于区域制造业数字化转型升级、高质量发展至关重要。本文从数字化技术转型、数字化创新能力转型和数字化效益转型三方面构建了制造业数字化转型评价指标体系,并将改进熵权法和灰色关联模型相结合,对各省制造业数字化转型程度进行评价；在此基础上,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)法,从技术、市场、政府三个维度的“组态效应”研究数字化转型的路径选择。研究发现：中国制造业数字化转型区域发展不平衡,但总体仍遵循东、中、西梯度空间分布格局。各地区制造业数字化转型程度高的驱动路径有5条,可将其归纳为资源导向型和市场导向型两种模式。研究结果揭示了制造业数字化转型背后的多重因素间复杂本质,为制造业数字化转型提供了实践启示。