江苏省工业化阶段水路运输资源配置效率评价

为全面客观地测度江苏省工业化阶段水路运输资源配置效率,应用数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)方法的C2R模型和C2GS2模型实证研究各种配置效率.数据分析表明,与铁路、公路运输相比,水路运输不存在相对过剩的投入规模,其综合效率、技术效率与规模效率的均值最小.要提高水路运输资源配置效率,需要在交通系统内协调配置各种运输方式的交通资源,同时协调水路运输内部各部门单位的资源配置.从资源配置的角度出发,相关部门在交通资源配置之前对各种运输方式的资源配置效率进行横向比较与纵向比较相结合的全面客观评价是必要的,也是可行的.     

人民币汇率及其波动对中国主要贸易伙伴进出口影响研究

本文利用AR-GARCH模型,协整检验和误差修正模型,对海关总暑提供的2001年1月互2010年6月中国对东盟、日本、美国、欧盟、韩国、中国香港六个主要贸易伙伴的月度进出口数据进行实证研究.从人民币实际汇率变化,汇率波动率对我国和各贸易伙伴进出口贸易的长期和短期影响进行分析,比较了汇率因素对各个贸易伙伴影响.研究结果表明,长期看来人民币实际有效汇率和多数贸易伙伴的出口显著负相关,没有与其正相关的贸易数据;其波动率可能有多种长期效果.短期看人民币实际有效汇率对与欧盟,东盟,香港出口有反向冲击作用,对韩国进口有正向冲击作用,其波动率对部分贸易伙伴的进出口贸易存在正向冲击.     

How journal rankings can suppress interdisciplinary research: A comparison between Innovation Studies and Business & Management

This study provides quantitative evidence on how the use of journal rankings can disadvantage interdisciplinary research in research evaluations. Using publication and citation data, it compares the degree of interdisciplinarity and the research performance of a number of Innovation Studies units with that of leading Business & Management Schools (BMS) in the UK. On the basis of various mappings and metrics, this study shows that: (i) Innovation Studies units are consistently more interdisciplinary in their research than Business & Management Schools; (ii) the top journals in the Association of Business Schools’ rankings span a less diverse set of disciplines than lower-ranked journals; (iii) this results in a more favourable assessment of the performance of Business & Management Schools, which are more disciplinary-focused. This citation-based analysis challenges the journal ranking-based assessment. In short, the investigation illustrates how ostensibly ‘excellence-based’ journal rankings exhibit a systematic bias in favour of mono-disciplinary research. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications of these phenomena, in particular how the bias is likely to affect negatively the evaluation and associated financial resourcing of interdisciplinary research organisations, and may result in researchers becoming more compliant with disciplinary authority over time.     

挥发窑低温砖由斧头式改为刀口式可行性研究

对于以燃煤或者焦碳为主的能耗大户挥发窑来说,如何降低成本,成为冶炼工作者关心的问题之一。文章简述了挥发窑的基本结构,通过从窑内衬砖出发,对挥发窑低温带用砖进行分析,研究斧头式低温砖更改为刀口式的可行性以及风险和隐患。     

世界一流大学与一流学科关系探析——基于软科2019年排行榜的分析

以软科公布的2019年世界大学学术排名与世界一流学科排名为依据,对世界一流大学拥有的世界一流学科数量以及世界一流学科在各大学和各学科领域的分布情况进行统计。统计表明:世界一流大学通常在多个学科领域拥有较多的世界一流学科;世界一流学科也大多分布在世界一流大学中。近年来,我国高校无论在世界大学学术排行榜上,还是在世界一流学科排行榜上都取得了显著进步。整体上,我国拥有世界一流学科的高校较多,世界一流大学较少;我国的世界一流大学拥有的世界一流学科在数量上有一定优势,但学科领域的分布不均衡,世界一流学科主要集中在工学领域。“双一流”建设后续进程中应适当调整一流大学建设与一流学科建设的关系,强化学科发展的均衡性,从重点关注一流学科“点”的建设到更加关注大学的综合能力建设。     

Rankings,Diversity and the Power of Renewal in Science. A Comparison between Germany,the UK and the US

Rankings are part and parcel of the neoliberal agenda in science aiming at increasing the competitive allocation of funds among universities. This article focuses on the decreasing power of renewal in science as a result of this agenda particularly because of its increasingly consolidated stratification of the academic system into élite and mass institutions. A comparison based on data from the Academic Ranking of World Universities of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University between the less stratified German system, the more strongly stratified British system, and the most strongly stratified, though at its heart still diverse US-American system provides a first test of the hypotheses.     

How robust are journal rankings based on the impact factor? Evidence from the economic sciences

It is well-known that the distribution of citations to articles in a journal is skewed. We ask whether journal rankings based on the impact factor are robust with respect to this fact. We exclude the most cited paper, the top 5 and 10 cited papers for 100 economics journals and recalculate the impact factor. Afterwards we compare the resulting rankings with the original ones from 2012. Our results show that the rankings are relatively robust. This holds both for the 2-year and the 5-year impact factor.     

定价机制转型对铁矿石价格波动的影响

中国是世界铁矿石第一进口国和消费国,然而长期以来面临着定价权缺失问题。通过定价机制改革,掌握铁矿石定价权是保障中国资源安全战略的重要科学问题。文章以2009年铁矿石由长期协议定价机制向短期协议定价机制改革为参考点,采用以断点回归模型为核心的研究方法,选取2005年7月至2019年3月的相关月度数据,对铁矿石定价机制改革与中国铁矿石进口价格波动的因果关联进行实证分析。结果表明：①短期协议定价机制的引入与国内进口铁矿石价格波动密切相关,在短期内能有效抑制价格的大幅上涨,经测算,定价机制转型能够降低国内进口铁矿石价格6.06%~18%;②短期协议定价机制改革在短期不能抑制国际铁矿石价格;③在定价机制冲击铁矿石进口价格过程中,内生性因素影响较小。基于以上结论,本文建议应继续加大对短期定价机制的创新力度;发挥中国铁矿石短期定价机制改革的羊群效应,以协同增加同铁矿石供应商协商的议价权;针对国际市场变化情况灵活调整定价机制,强化在国际铁矿石市场的议价能力。     

从世界排名的变化看乒乓球技术的发展方向

在国际乒坛涌现出的三名年轻优秀男子乒乓球运动员的世界排名攀升过程中,分析了11分制实施前和实施后这些优秀运动员世界排名的升降特点和技术风格,从中简要预测今后乒乓球技术的发展方向和趋势.     

Examining drug and side effect relation using author–entity pair bipartite networks

The current study has two objectives. First, we explore the characteristics of biological entities, such as drugs, and their side effects using an author–entity pair bipartite network. Second, we use the constructed network to examine whether there are outstanding features of relations between drugs and side effects. We extracted drug and side effect names from 169,766 PubMed abstracts published between 2010 to 2014 and constructed author–entity pair bipartite networks after ambiguous author names were processed. We propose a new ranking algorithm that takes into consideration the characteristics of bipartite networks to identify top-ranked biological drug and side effect pairs. To investigate the relationship between a particular drug and a side effect, we compared the drug and side effect pairs obtained from the network containing both drug and side effect with those observed in SIDER, a human expert-curated database. The results of this study indicate that our approach was able to identify a wide range of patterns of drug–side effect relations from the perspective of authors’ research interests. Further, our approach also identified the unique characteristics of the relation of biomedical entities obtained using an author–entity pair bipartite network.