艺术的情境之寓——文艺美学探微

情境者,情趣境界之谓也,主于美。它存在于艺术作品中,也存在于整个艺术审美活动中。艺术没有唯一的和绝对的摹本,也没有终级价值标准,有的便是一件件具体的作品和一次次具体的活动。一件作品就是一个独绝的情境,这情境是别人创造不出的,甚至创造者自己都是不能重复的。在此情境中,包括每一个细部,即使如绘画中的一处空白,音乐中的一个休止,小说中的一段铺垫,等等,便有着特别的意味,特别的美质。     

论文学功能系统与特质

传统的作品功能观把本视为学功能的发生源，把读视为学功能作用的被动对象，本提出：学功能必须在具体的学活动中才能产生，学活动是学功能的发生源。学功能联系于学活动的动态开放整体的流程，并对投身于学活动的一切实践主体（作与读）产生系统效能，学功能系统由认知，净化，愉悦，生命四个各具丰富内涵的子系统构成，并通过系统质的审美化合指向人本身，指向人自身的丰富与完善，指向人的诗意人生，因此，学功能是学之人学本义的回归。     

5-氨基四唑及其衍生物的合成和应用综述

文章综述了5-氨基四唑及其4种衍生物高氯酸.四氨.双(5-硝基四唑)合钴(Ⅲ)(BNCP)、3,6-双(l-氢-l,2,3,4-四唑-5-氨基)-l,2,4,5-四嗪(BTATz)、5-氨基四唑的Schiff碱、α-(5-四唑基)氨基烃基膦酸酯的合成、性质与应用.     

网络环境下的高校《中国历史文选》教学改革

利用网络环境下的各种资源进行教学改革,不仅可以克服高校《中国历史文选》传统教学模式中的一些缺陷,充分发挥网络资源的优势,也可以提高学生的学习兴趣,丰富教学资源,促进学生的研究性学习,培养学生的创新意识和学习能力,便于师生之间的交流,对实现以学生为本的教育目标大有帮助。但网络并不能解决教学中的所有问题,在教学改革中,必须突出教材和教师的主导地位,师生也应提高自身素质,以适应时代需要。     

大学生择业法律意识淡漠的成因及对策

面对就业市场的激烈竞争,大学生必须具备相应的择业意识才能在竞争中抓住机遇,顺利完成择业过程。但在择业过程中,由于大学生缺乏择业法律意识卷入了择业的劳动纠纷。从维权意识、契约意识、公民意识和对违法行为性质的认识四个角度对大学生的择业法律意识进行分析。     

Resiliency as a factor protecting youths from risky behaviour: Moderating effects of gender and sport

We hypothesised that resiliency may protect adolescents against risky behaviours, and that both the practicing of sports, and gender are moderating variables in relationships between resiliency and risky behaviours. The study included 18-year-old pupils from a selection of secondary schools (n = 556). A total of 188 individuals practiced competitive sports and the remaining 368 participants were non-athletes. The participants were examined with the Resiliency Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (SPP-18) and with a survey containing questions and statements related to high-risk “experiments with adulthood”. Adolescent athletes showed higher levels of resiliency than their peers. The power of the “Determination and Persistence in Action” effect on “Alcohol” scale differed significantly between male athletes and male non-athletes. Only in the athletes groups were higher scores on this scale reflected by lower values on the “Drugs” scale. Moreover, it is possible to observe differences in undertaking risky behaviour between male and female athletes. The analysis of risky sexual behaviour suggests that sport is a risk factor for men, and a protective factor for women. These data suggest that consistent prophylactic and psycho-educative activities, with a special attention to differences between genders, should be provided to all the adolescents, irrespective of their sport performance levels.     

Mediating effects of resistance training skill competency on health-related fitness and physical activity: the ATLAS cluster randomised controlled trial

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of resistance training skill competency on percentage of body fat, muscular fitness and physical activity among a sample of adolescent boys participating in a school-based obesity prevention intervention. Participants were 361 adolescent boys taking part in the Active Teen Leaders Avoiding Screen-time (ATLAS) cluster randomised controlled trial: a school-based program targeting the health behaviours of economically disadvantaged adolescent males considered “at-risk” of obesity. Body fat percentage (bioelectrical impedance), muscular fitness (hand grip dynamometry and push-ups), physical activity (accelerometry) and resistance training skill competency were assessed at baseline and post-intervention (i.e., 8 months). Three separate multi-level mediation models were analysed to investigate the potential mediating effects of resistance training skill competency on each of the study outcomes using a product-of-coefficients test. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. The intervention had a significant impact on the resistance training skill competency of the boys, and improvements in skill competency significantly mediated the effect of the intervention on percentage of body fat and the combined muscular fitness score. No significant mediated effects were found for physical activity. Improving resistance training skill competency may be an effective strategy for achieving improvements in body composition and muscular fitness in adolescent boys.     

Accelerometer data requirements for reliable estimation of habitual physical activity and sedentary time of children during the early years - a worked example following a stepped approach

This study presents a worked example of a stepped process to reliably estimate the habitual physical activity and sedentary time of a sample of young children. A total of 299 children (2.9 ± 0.6 years) were recruited. Outcome variables were daily minutes of total physical activity, sedentary time, moderate to vigorous physical activity and proportional values of each variable. In total, 282 (94%) provided 3 h of accelerometer data on ≥1 day and were included in a 6-step process: Step-1: determine minimum wear-time; Step-2: process 7-day-data; Step-3: determine the inclusion of a weekend day; Step-4: examine day-to-day variability; Step-5: calculate single day intraclass correlation (ICC) (2,1); Step-6: calculate number of days required to reach reliability. Following the process the results were, Step-1: 6 h was estimated as minimum wear-time of a standard day. Step-2: 98 (32%) children had ≥6 h wear on 7 days. Step-3: no differences were found between weekdays and weekend days (P ≥ 0.05). Step-4: no differences were found between day-to-day variability (P ≥ 0.05). Step-5: single day ICC’s (2,1) ranged from 0.48 (total physical activity and sedentary time) to 0.53 (proportion of moderate to vigorous physical activity). Step-6: to reach reliability (ICC = 0.7), 3 days were required for all outcomes. In conclusion following a 7 day wear protocol, ≥6 h on any 3 days was found to have acceptable reliability. The stepped-process offers researchers a method to derive sample-specific wear-time criterion.     

天启年间宫女休闲活动考

本文主要采用历史文献法,以明宫词为主,明史及明代野史杂记为辅,考辨明代天启年间,后宫不同地位的宫女平日里的休闲活动。宫女游戏是女性体育的组成部分,笔者在大量文献中发现了些许新材料,以期填补女性体育史中的空白。     

青少年体力活动干预新方式——体感游戏对青少年身体活动的影响分析

体感游戏作为体育运动与电子科技的结合产品,对其在青少年体力活动干预方面的研究有重要意义。研究从体力活动的促进、能量消耗、运动康复、社会价值以及心理效应等方面对体感游戏进行分析,发现体感游戏对青少年体力活动有明显促进作用,能满足其锻炼的需求,且对青少年心理健康具有积极地影响,能作为青少年体力活动干预的有效手段之一。