Eating disorder prevention initiatives for athletes: A review

A substantial amount of evidence suggests that collegiate and elite athletes involved in weight-sensitive sports are at greater risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) than the general population. With the limited effectiveness of treatment for EDs, prevention of EDs has been broadly considered in the literature. The present paper reviewed the existing literature on ED prevention programmes for athletes in order to determine the current status of prevention programmes and recommend future directions. The available literature suggests that selective, primary interventions with multiple targets and an interactive multimodal approach appear most effective. Current challenges in the field, including lack of longitudinal research, hesitation by the sport community to be involved in ED research and poor cross-field communication and collaboration, are also explored. The lack of dissemination of evidence-based prevention programmes and the simultaneous promotion of prevention programmes that have not yet been empirically examined are also discussed. Based on these observations future directions are recommended.     

英语阅读中存在的问题及阅读技巧

阅读课程的目的在于提高学生的阅读理解能力和阅读效率。要提高阅读理解能力和阅读效率，就需使读者克服一些不良的阅读习惯，掌握正确的阅读技巧。采用整体法阅读会大大改善学生的阅读速度和阅读质量。     

试论心理学课堂教学运行机制的整体优化

整体优化课堂教学运行机制,是显著提高师范院校公修课心理学教学质量和效率的有效途径。本文运用系统论、控制论和信息论原理,从心理学课堂教学过程的内部结构、运行程序与其功能之间的本质性联系,从课堂教学中的优化控制和课堂教学中信息的优化传递几个方面,探索和论述了优化课堂运行机制,从根本上提高心理学课堂教学质量和效率的问题。     

关于学生群体荣辱观念与嫉妒心理的研究

嫉妒心理在学生群体中是一个普遍的客观存在,它崇尚价值表现为积极与消极的两重性,与荣辱观相关密切。消极的嫉妒心理以别人的成功为自己的耻辱,放弃自己抵达而去憎恨以至破坏别人。积极嫉妒心理不以别人抵达为耻,创造条件努力使自己抵达为荣。这在本质上是一个树立正确的荣辱观的问题。对学生群体荣辱观念与嫉妒心理及其表征进行初步的研究是必要的。     

“科技以人为本“的广告品牌理念

科技使商品获得利润,但科技的出发点应该是为人服务.社会文明的演进,表现为人的质量的提高.因此,社会的整个运行与发展,应当始终围绕人来展开.“科技以人为本“的人文精神体现了品牌重视人、服务人的价值尺度,体现了商业品牌发展科技必须以人的利益为核心的基本原则.其表现为品牌通过科技的发展不断满足消费者需求, 为消费者创造价值体验,维护生命权,忠诚于消费者,以及从消费者角度出发进行广告传播.     

青少年网络情结的心理分析

青少年对互联网构筑的虚拟世界表现出较高的认同感和参与热情,典型的表现是参与的人数较多、花费的时间较长、卷入的程度较深。互联网文化和技术满足了发展中的青少年的好奇、探险、体验、交往、价值、自主、性等多种心理需求。     

浅析4～5岁幼儿的家庭教育

许多研究材料表明4～5岁幼儿的心理发展比2～3岁时迅速得多。这个时期的幼儿不仅活泼好动，而且好奇心强，提问多，想象、思维等各方面能力都有了较大程度的提高，这就给家庭教育提出了更高的要求。本文试图从儿童心理发展的角度，对这个年龄阶段幼儿的家长提出一些粗浅的建议，希望对家长有所帮助。     

认知心理学两种研究范式的争论与反思

符号加工和联结主义是认知心理学的两种研究范式,二者在认知心理学内部产生了一系列的争论。在一般 认知问题上的争论主要表现在语义理解、心理表征以及一些具体的认知问题上;在方法论问题上的区别主要表现在是 结构模拟、黑箱方法、还原主义还是结构与功能模拟、灰箱方法和整体主义上。两种范式争论的本质问题是究竟哪种 范式更加符合认知过程的本质。联结主义范式似有取代符号加工范式的趋势,但它也不能完全揭示人类的高级认知功 能,因此出现了行为主义的进化论研究范式。     

Key Concepts From Health Promotion Evaluations: What Psychology Needs to Know

Competing perspectives and debates about the meaning of health promotion and the best ways to evaluate the effectiveness of initiatives that focus on enhancing wellness pervade the literature. Given the emergence of health promotion, the impetus for outcomes-based practice in psychology, and the push for evidence-based care in the health system (Thorogood & Coombes, 2000), demonstrations of value and effectiveness are fundamental to the sustainability of mental health promotion activities. Psychology (and counseling as a sub-set field) needs to place itself as a profession vital to the sustainability of wellness initiatives. This paper proposes that psychologists’ awareness and understanding of six key concepts from health promotion evaluation are essential for advancing psychology as a profession and enhancing applied practice for wellness initiatives. The key concepts include: formative, process and outcome evaluations, the qualitative/quantitative debate, the ecological nature, the participatory approach, the focus on community and the underlying philosophies of empowerment and utilization. The use of key concepts from health promotion evaluation strategies support psychologists to a) deal with issues of major public health importance and b) collaborate with other disciplines for the benefit of the public (Sartorius, 1999). Finally, this paper makes recommendations to secure psychology’s place as a vital contributor to future research directions in health promotion, in part because of adherence to the scientist-practitioner model.Whilst Psychology is the generic term used here to represent the broad field, counseling as a sub-set in the discipline is particularly relevant for the ideas and issues discussed. Rather than adding the sub-set qualifier each time the broad field is referred to, the reader in this context is encouraged to hold this perspective of the place of counseling in regard to psychology as they work through the materials presented.