The Determinants of Students' Perceived Learning Outcomes and Satisfaction in University Online Education: An Empirical Investigation*

In this study, structural equation modeling is applied to examine the determinants of students' satisfaction and their perceived learning outcomes in the context of university online courses. Independent variables included in the study are course structure, instructor feedback, self‐motivation, learning style, interaction, and instructor facilitation as potential determinants of online learning. A total of 397 valid unduplicated responses from students who have completed at least one online course at a university in the Midwest were used to examine the structural model. The results indicated that all of the antecedent variables significantly affect students' satisfaction. Of the six antecedent variables hypothesized to affect the perceived learning outcomes, only instructor feedback and learning style are significant. The structural model results also reveal that user satisfaction is a significant predictor of learning outcomes. The findings suggest online education can be a superior mode of instruction if it is targeted to learners with specific learning styles (visual and read/write learning styles) and with timely, meaningful instructor feedback of various types.     

略论尼克松时期的美欧关系

第二次世界大战后，美国和西欧国家在共同反苏的基础上建立了一种以美国为主导地位的联盟关系。但从20世纪60年代中期起，随着国际形势的变化和美欧双方实力的变化，美欧关系充满了矛盾和分歧，美国的盟主地位遭到挑战。尼克松时期调整了对欧政策，但并未从根本上缓解美欧之间的矛盾和冲突。     

社会主义市场经济的伦理和谐

社会主义市场经济伦理和谐的实质是社会主义的基本价值与市场经济的效率与秩序的统一，其重要表现是整体社会的心态平衡。社会主义市场经济的伦理和谐不是现成的，是相关利益群体在特定生活冲突的逼迫下不断反省、磋商、妥协的结果，其实现的主要途径有提高社会的整体诚信水平，构建新型的人情伦理观念，提高企业的道德水平，加强法治等等。     

人的和谐发展及其相关概念的讨论

人的存在与人的发展就是为了寻求人的和谐。人的和谐发展就是人的自然性、社会性、自我性的有机整合。讨论人的和谐发展与人的全面发展、个性发展、可持续发展的关系,得出人的和谐发展的本质就是追求人的自由的实现,追求人的主体性实现。教育因此是主体教育,主体教育是走进人的生活世界的教育,是个性化教育。教育的时代任务就是在生活中培养人的适应意识和选择能力,在自主选择的过程中提高人的生活境界,追求人的自由与“关系的和谐”。     

中北大学学生对公共体育课学习满意度的调查与分析

通过对中北大学学生对公共体育课学习满意度的调查发现,中北大学学生对公共体育课总体来说较为满意,对于课程设置、教师和成绩评定的满意度较高,而对于场地器材方面的满意度较低一些。     

Relationship quality,community promotion and brand loyalty in virtual communities: Evidence from free software communities

The Internet has favored the growth of collaborative platforms where marketers and consumers interact to develop more engaging products and services. These platforms are usually centered in a specific brand/product and their members are linked by a shared admiration to that brand. This paper analyzes one of the most powerful online collaborative platforms, the free software (FS) case, which involves a lot of virtual communities developed around products such as Linux or Android, the new Google's mobile operating system. Our purpose is to determine some of the main antecedents and consequences of the consumer involvement in this type of communities. Results have shown that satisfaction with a virtual community may increase the level of consumer participation in that community. At the same time, a greater identification with the virtual community may increase indirectly the consumer participation thanks to the enhancement of his/her satisfaction with the community. We have also found positive and significant effects of consumer identification and participation on the level of community promotion. Finally, positive and significant effects of consumer participation and satisfaction with the community on loyalty to the FS were also found. These findings allow us to conclude some interesting managerial implications.     

国际化语言环境建设与青岛市和谐社会建设关系研究

国际化语言环境主要是指一个地区使用世界各国各种语言进行信息交流与传播的广度、深度和频度,国际化语言环境建设对于促进青岛市的和谐社会建设,对于促进青岛市对外交流、吸引外资、发展旅游文化产业、提高城市综合竞争了和城市形象、实现城市目标具有特殊的重要意义。     

数据挖掘技术与客户关系管理的应用综述

客户关系管理是一种管理理念,又是一种旨在改善企业与客户之间关系的新型管理机制。数据挖掘能够对将来的趋势和行为进行预测,很好地支持人们的决策。     

知识产权创造与高技术产业发展关系研究——以京津冀地区为例

选取京津冀经济圈为研究对象,估计全国1998—2015年高技术产业面板数据,在此基础上建立京津冀时间序列的VAR模型。研究结果表明:(1)全国高技术产业有效发明专利与产业发展间存在长期均衡关系,产业有效发明专利确实能带动产业发展;(2)RD活动内部经费支出对全国高技术产业发展作用最明显,而RD活动人员全时当量对产业发展具有不显著的负影响;(3)京津冀高技术产业有效发明专利和产业发展之间存在双向互动关系。     

知识型人才流动与产业集群发展互动关系研究

知识型人才与产业集群发展密切相关。通过论述知识型人才流动和产业集群发展的现状,分析知识型人才流动对产业集群发展的促进、阻碍影响。运用生命周期理论分析产业集群在发展的不同阶段对知识型人才流动的吸引与排斥影响,发现当前知识型人才流动与产业集群发展互动过程中产生的缺乏合作观念、区域发展不平衡、创新能力不足以及人才市场不完善等问题。提出加大宣传力度、树立合作共赢观念,全面统筹规划、促进区域协调发展,推动机制改革、加强提高自主创新能力,加强引导、完善人才网络等解决措施。