Negotiating the World: Some philosophical considerations on dealing with differential academic language proficiency in schools

Differential academic language proficiency is an issue of major educational concern, bearing on problems varying from pupil performance, to social prospects, and citizenship. In this paper we develop a conception of the language-acquiring subject, and we discuss the consequences for understanding differential language proficiency in schools. Starting from Wittgenstein's meaning-as-use theory we show that learning a language requires an activity that relates the subject both to the community of language users, and to the things language is about. In opposition to Luntley, we contend that this does not mean that linguistic development involves linguistic adjustment to the world 'as it is'. It is argued that, in as far as linguistic development involves a process of adjustment, this concerns conceptions about the world as it is presupposed to be—a 'world' that is subjected to doubt and revision time and again. With respect to dealing with differential academic language proficiency, this approach to linguistic development suggests bringing pupils into situations which require active participation in processes of 'negotiating meaning', including negotiating the prevailing presuppositions about what the world is like. This also puts novices in a different position—less assimilatory—recognising their co-constructive potencies at a more fundamental level.     

意境和主题的结合:中国意境视野下的《雪夜林边小驻》

从中国诗学的意境视角来分析罗伯特.弗罗斯特的名作《雪夜林边小驻》,可以解读其意境和主题的结合特点及其审美效果,揭示该首诗歌的哲学意蕴。     

罗伯特·贝拉的宗教社会学思想述评

作为当代著名的社会学家,贝拉的思想主要围绕着现代性议题中宗教的意义和功能而展开。从其宗教社会学大致可分为求学阶段的学术积累、哈佛大学时期的悲观的乐观主义、20世纪60年代中后期的乐观的悲观主义和70年代后的后新教徒问题四个时期,他分别对宗教的本质、宗教研究的路径、宗教与现代化、宗教进化、美国公民宗教和美国道德生态重建等具体议题进行了分析。但我国学界对贝拉的介绍和研究多具碎片化。贝拉宗教社会学的基石是其宗教观,而这种宗教观又主要扎根于西方特别是美国社会之中。为此,我们对贝拉理论的接受和批判都必须以此为逻辑起点;同时,我们更不应仅拘囿于他的某个论说,而应对其学说有着整体的把握。     

隐喻和象征:弗罗斯特诗歌的两大特色(英文)

弗罗斯特诗歌的语言似乎简单、含糊,但其思想蕴意深刻,常常给读者留下难忘的印象,余味无穷。本文认为弗氏的诗歌的主要特征是隐喻和象征,其著名的抒情诗中蕴涵着丰富的哲理,揭示了弗氏对人生和存在的解读和人与自然的关系。     

沟通与互动:大学领导力的文化与解释学分析

文化与解释学是大学领导力研究的一个独特视角。大学领导力的内涵应从领导过程和有效领导力判定层面进行界定,不仅要看领导者的所作所为,更应考察其潜在追随者的反应方式。大学有效领导力的产生与形成在于领导者与学校成员间良性的沟通与互动方式,其目的在于通过改变沟通模式,促使模范型领导力的实现。因此,从具体层面看,要提高大学领导力,除拥有工具型领导力之外,更重要的是必须运用沟通手段,充分考虑学校成员的意见、态度与价值观,大力提升与增强解释型领导力。     

“A Crusade from the First”: The Norman Conquest of Islamic Sicily, 1060–1091

In the creation myth of the Crusades, Pope Urban II (r. 1088–1099) is the founding father and 1095 is the critical year. During the twentieth century, French, Spanish, and English scholars challenged this myth; yet this myth remains as durable as ever. Because the origins of the crusading enterprise came to be associated with the so-called First Crusade (1095–1102), scholars have created a vision of crusading at odds with Pope Urban's vision, which views the “First” Crusade as the third part of a triptych: first, the Norman conquest of Sicily (1060–1091); then, the Castilian and Catalan advances in Iberia; and finally the 1095 Eastern Crusade. Today, the study of the Crusades is hampered by a failure to concentrate on the direct evidence and to take into account what contemporaries understood by crusading. To get a sense of what contemporaries understood by crusading, this paper examines the Norman Crusade in Sicily, drawing upon both Christian and Islamic sources.     

也谈弗罗斯特的《雪夜林边驻马》

本文尝试用诗人弗罗斯特诗歌创作的三个原则来重新欣赏和分析其代表作《雪夜林边驻马》。这三个特色是 (1)诗歌是声音的一种形式 ;(2 )一首诗是一件给人印象深刻的事件的描述 ;(3)诗歌创作是一种艺术 ,它叙述一件事而意指至少比这一件事更为丰富的内容。     

弗罗斯特诗歌的象似性研究

弗罗斯特的诗歌家喻户晓,究其原因除其寓意深刻外,更有其语言上的独特性。本文从认知语言学的语言象似性角度出发,以皮尔斯根据符号三分法对语言的象似性进行分类为理论基础,对弗罗斯特诗歌的映象象似、拟象象似和隐喻象似修辞进行分析。由此可以看出弗罗斯特的诗歌不仅符合人们的认知模式而得到读者的认同,而且还时常超出人们的一般认知模式而给读者以美的享受。     

On the Dramatic Features in Robert Browning’s Poems of Dramatic Monologue

This paper explored the three dramatic features intrinsic in Robert Browning’s poems of dramatic monologue, namely, the employment of first-person point of view, the use of irony, and the intricate psychological exploration and vivid characterization. Such features are crucial in the successful presentation of various human nature and experience with profundity, making his poems an enduring classic in the English literature.     

言外有意：修辞法在罗伯特·弗罗斯特诗歌中的运用探析

罗伯特·弗罗斯特是20世纪最受欢迎的美国诗人。他赢得4次普利策奖和许多其他的奖励及荣誉,被称之为美国文学中的桂冠诗人。其诗歌最大特色是善于运用眼前看似平淡无奇的事物,表达深刻哲理。通过文本分析弗罗斯特诗歌中的隐喻和提喻手法。并透过语言探究其诗歌的深层含义。