Emergency management through information crowdsourcing

This article proposes a new framework to model a scenario in which First Responders, citizens, smart devices, or robots explore the environment in an emergency situation, i.e., after an earthquake, assessing damages and searching for people needing assistance. While moving, the agents observe events and exchange the information collected with other agents encountered: to this end, they use messaging systems purposely adapted to use point-to-point network connections to allow local data exchange between agents even when global network connections are not available. As is common in Delay Tolerant Networks, exchanged messages are locally stored: when a global network is available, the agents can upload all the information collected by themselves and other agents they encountered to a Control Room or a database in the Cloud. Differently from traditional DTN algorithms such as Epidemic and Spray&Wait, we propose a solution that keeps track of agents that shared information along the path and assess the quality of the information collected by multiple agents through a reputation-based mechanism that is safer than majority voting. A simulator compatible with OpenStreetMap is presented, as well as simulated experiments in two Italian towns to validate the feasibility of the approach.     

搜索引擎“沙盒效应”的研究及分析

搜索引擎＂沙盒效应＂是这几年的热门话题,很多网站遭遇过类似情况,＂沙盒效应＂也会给新生网站带来麻烦,怎样走出＂沙盒效应＂对网站来说有着非常重要的意义。     

学术搜索引擎的特点及发展趋势——基于Google Scholar、百度国学、CNKI、Scirus的比较研究

百度国学和CNKI是国内两个重要的中文学术搜索引擎,Google Scholar和Scirus是国际公认的专业学术搜索引擎,介绍了它们各自的特点及其功能,分别从数据库、检索功能、检索结果与用户界面3个方面来比较分析了它们各自的异同点,并对学术搜索引擎的发展趋势做了展望。     

在“寻找”中“突围”——对新中国60年话剧创作道路的思考

新中国话剧在六十年的发展历程中,有两个突出的特点：一是寻找政治与艺术的结合,寻找中国话剧的民族化的道路。前十七年,话剧艺术家突破＂为阶级斗争服务＂的限制,努力提高话剧创作的艺术质量,《茶馆》、《关汉卿》、《布谷鸟又叫了》、《霓虹灯下的哨兵》等就具有代表性。二是在借鉴、吸收外来戏剧思潮过程中大胆地探索、创新,突破传统的束缚,在开掘主题的前提下,追求舞台艺术形式的多样化,丰富话剧创作。改革开放后出现的《绝对信号》、《街上流行红裙子》、《一个死者对生者的访问》、《中国梦》、《狗儿爷涅槃》、《桑树坪纪事》等就是其中比较优秀的作品。     

Locating information within extended hypermedia

New literacies researchers have identified a core set of strategies for locating information, one of which is “reading a Web page to locate information that might be present there” (Leu et al. in: Rush, Eakle, Berger (eds) Secondary school reading and writing: What research reveals for classroom practices, 2007, p. 46). Do middle-school, high school, and undergraduate students (N = 51) differ in effectiveness at locating information within extended hypermedia? Students completed a pretest measure of knowledge about the circulatory system. They then gave verbal answers to 10 researcher-developed questions about the circulatory system, which they answered by searching the environment and thinking aloud about the task. Consistent with large-scale national and international studies, students were only moderately successful at locating information. Successfully locating information was significantly associated with having more prior knowledge, efficient searching, and giving better quality answers to the researcher-posed questions. It was also associated with specific strategies only at the level of individual questions. That is, the “ideal” strategy depended on the question and how the answer was phrased in the text. Implications of the results for teaching students how to search in hypermedia are offered.     

网络社区“人肉搜索”:自组织的生产与道德自律

本文通过对以猫扑社区为主的人肉搜索系统发展历程和重大事件的分析,认为人肉搜索具有自组织特征,其自生长、自适应的历程表明它能够在公权力的尊重和引导下通过自我净化实现道德自律。     

搜索引擎的最新进展述要

搜索引擎已成为人们利用网络的最重要工具.目前,网络上出现了一些具有新颖性、创新性的搜索引擎或挖掘出搜索引擎的新功能,其中有些研究成果直接代表着搜索引擎的发展方向.文章通过跟踪、试用、分析等环节,对新的搜索引擎或具有新功能的搜索引擎进行了归纳,便于人们更好地了解当前世界搜索引擎的现状.     

网络计量学研究进展

网络计量学是随着网络技术的发展而涌现的一个新的研究领域 ,搜索引擎的性能、网页质量评价、网络影响因子概念、网上知识发现等都属其研究范围 ,目前在我国还处于试验和探索阶段。参考文献 2 3。     

主动组织遗忘对企业突破式创新的影响——外部知识搜寻宽度的中介作用

主动组织遗忘对企业组织实现突破式创新具有重要意义。利用江浙沪皖地区268家企业的515份样本数据,以外部知识搜寻宽度作为中介变量,研究主动组织遗忘和突破式创新的关系。研究结果显示:主动组织遗忘的两个维度忘却学习和避免恶习均对突破式创新产生显著的正向影响;外部新旧知识的搜寻宽度在主动组织遗忘和突破式创新之间均起到部分中介作用。