对外汉语综合课教材中的文化项目考察分析

迄今为止,对外汉语教学中的文化因素分析多立足于多套教材横向对比进行定量分析,而针对同一套涵盖不同教学阶段的教材进行纵向定量分析,从而得出具有系统性和层次性的分析研究几乎没有。因此,选用在教学实践中得到良好反响的教材《汉语新目标》为研究对象,参照最新文化因素研究的理论成果,将教材划分成初级、中级和高级三个教学阶段进行定量分析。在对教材中文化项目的编排进行层次性和系统性分析之后,提出关于文化大纲的一些思路,以期能为文化大纲的编制提供一定的参考。     

Objectivity and the Other Orwell: The tabloidism of the Daily Mirror and journalistic authenticity

Rebellion in Elizabethan Ireland triggered the publication of a series of early news pamphlets in England that have been labeled as tedious military narratives celebrating English victories over native insurgents. Careful scrutiny of these pamphlets, specifically those titles that relayed news of the Second Desmond rebellion (1579–1583), suggests otherwise. Therein, it was not news of events in Ireland that was stressed, nor indeed was it the Catholicism of the Old English who had entered into rebellion. Instead, these works prioritized political obedience to queen and commonwealth above all else and employed this revolt to remind readers of the essential obligations of fidelity and virtue. As agents of persuasion rather than purveyors of news, the authors echoed official thinking by the state in cultivating the importance attached to obedience amid strains in both kingdoms that attended the Counter-Reformation.     

When Off-Campus Means Virtual Campus: The Academic Library in Second Life

ABSTRACT

This article discusses how a library's consistent policy of accessibility and foresight positioned itself to serve its students, faculty and staff in the virtual world of Second Life. Always ahead of the technological curve, this library has been the front-runner in providing services to distance learners via text messaging, “chat,” e-mail, and telephone services and via its laptop librarian project across the campus. It now is poised and ready to provide service in Second Life. Collaboration between the library and teaching faculty culminated in the creation, development, and furnishing of a library in Second Life, an environment that gives new meaning to “off-campus” learning. Without marketing, but as a visible presence, the Second Life library was able to attract both off-campus guests and affiliated students and faculty and even participated in campus-wide projects. This experiment has enjoyed the support of both the university and library administration.     

Libraries in Second Life: Linking Collections,Clients, and Communities in a Virtual World

The multi-user virtual environment Second Life has drawn attention from many librarians who established virtual libraries and information spaces there. Even as interest in Second Life diminishes, it is worthwhile to look at how libraries in Second Life were established and what models they followed. This study examines the purposes, users, collections, and community integration of Second Life libraries. Researchers identified over 75 libraries in Second Life through the professional literature and search results within Second Life. Using this sample, they identified seven general categories of libraries and discuss examples of each. Some Second Life library spaces help to set a scene and contribute to the ethos of a larger space. Other Second Life libraries connect physical libraries with virtual communities. Still others serve communities that exist only in virtual spaces, supporting common interests or role-playing scenarios. Finally, some Second Life libraries expand understandings of what a virtual library might be, whether through imaginative architecture or unusual collections. Second Life libraries offer collections of resources tailored to the needs of individual communities and make them available in different formats. They also offer social and educational programs, much as physical libraries do. Whatever the future of Second Life, the libraries that have been established there raise important questions for future virtual library work.     

论交往动机对语言获得的影响

人类与动物本质的区别表现在语言方面.人类的语言是怎样获得的?语言的获得到底跟哪些因素息息相关?这些问题一直是教育和心理学界探讨的问题.本文从社会的角度出发,试探语言获得会受社会交往动机的影响.     

论二战后澳大利亚大规模移民的原因及影响

第二次世界大战是澳大利亚移民历史的转折点,二战后由于英国移民的减少,澳大利亚政府从现实利益出发,开始逐渐接纳世界各地移民,并推行了各民族平等的多元文化政策,这场大规模移民虽然使澳大利亚人口组成更加复杂化,但它加强了澳大利亚的国防力量,在全球经济一体化的今天,它在很大程度上推动了澳洲经济的发展与文化的繁荣。     

影响二语习得的因素及其对语言学习者的意义

本文从第二语言（即英语）习得的视角出发,探讨了中国非英语专业学生在学习英语的过程中受到了内在因素和外在因素的影响。这些影响包括：学习者自身的知识;学习者的认知结构或认知才能;通用语法（universal grammar）理论;目标语言所处的社会状况;母语文化对学习者的影响;输入的信息。就上述影响,作者论述了其对语言学习者的意义。     

基于频率的二语习得观对二语词汇学习的启示

二语词汇一直处于学习的中心地位,但词汇学习的现状仍不容乐观.以频率为基础的二语习得观,强调频率对词汇学习的重要作用.本文从频率的角度出发探讨学习哪些词汇、怎样学习以及如何加强词汇输出,来实现提高词汇学习的能力、发展学习词汇的策略以及增强词汇运用能力的目的.     

美国战略情报局的历史考察

第二次世界大战爆发前后,罗斯福总统对美国情报机构进行改组,成立了战略情报局,负责对外情报工作。战略情报局为美国赢得战争的胜利起了重要作用。战争结束后,杜鲁门总统下令解散了战略情报局,代之以中央情报局。     

From Refugee Camp to Solitary Confinement: Illiterate adults learn Swedish as a second language

This is a study, based upon 22 interviews, of the factors that govern immigrants' acquisition of a second language. Half of the interviewees are illiterate quota refugees from a Kurdish refugee camp and the other half are immigrants with at least six years of school education. The interpretation framework consists of theories of language and language learning with the emphasis on the acquisition of literacy and theories of motivation. The interviewees from the refugee camp have lived under very difficult conditions. It has been difficult to meet their basic needs. The social needs cannot be provided in Sweden because the refugees become isolated, without any contact with Swedes. They lack the contact with speakers of the target language that is necessary for them to acquire the language. The lack of integration into Swedish society leads to their marginalisation. The pedagogic conclusions that can be drawn from this study relate mainly to measures for increasing motivation. In this respect the most important measure is to achieve greater contact with target language speakers.