基于本体的论文检索系统的设计与实现

运用本体理论对计算机学科领域中的数据结构进行本体描述，探讨其本体库的构建过程，并在此基础上设计和实现基于本体的试验性论文检索系统，提高系统的检索性能。     

The Difference and Application of Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation

The concepts of communicative and semantic translation represent Peter Newmark’s main contribution to general translation theory.Both semantic and communicative translations comply with the usually accepted syntactic equivalents or correspondences for the source text(ST) languages and the target language(TL) and each of the two translation methods has its own characteristics as well as application fields.     

模糊逻辑与自然语言中的语义模糊

自然语言和形式语言的一个重要区别,是自然语言具有语义模糊性。二值逻辑与三值逻辑对命题语义处理是不足的。以札德"模糊集合论"为理论基础的模糊语义分析为我们提供了一种描述模糊语词语义真值多样性和渐进性的全新观念和手段。     

On Peter Newmark’s Semanic Translation & Communicative Translation

Peter Newmark has written many preeminent works on translation theory. He classifies the translation texts into differ?ent types,and puts forward his great translation methods-communiative translation ...     

Effective ranking and search techniques for Web resources considering semantic relationships

On the Semantic Web, the types of resources and the semantic relationships between resources are defined in an ontology. By using that information, the accuracy of information retrieval can be improved.     

AdaSL: An Unsupervised Domain Adaptation framework for Arabic multi-dialectal Sequence Labeling

Dialectal Arabic (DA) refers to varieties of everyday spoken languages in the Arab world. These dialects differ according to the country and region of the speaker, and their textual content is constantly growing with the rise of social media networks and web blogs. Although research on Natural Language Processing (NLP) on standard Arabic, namely Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), has witnessed remarkable progress, research efforts on DA are rather limited. This is due to numerous challenges, such as the scarcity of labeled data as well as the nature and structure of DA. While some recent works have reached decent results on several DA sentence classification tasks, other complex tasks, such as sequence labeling, still suffer from weak performances when it comes to DA varieties with either a limited amount of labeled data or unlabeled data only. Besides, it has been shown that zero-shot transfer learning from models trained on MSA does not perform well on DA. In this paper, we introduce AdaSL, a new unsupervised domain adaptation framework for Arabic multi-dialectal sequence labeling, leveraging unlabeled DA data, labeled MSA data, and existing multilingual and Arabic Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs). The proposed framework relies on four key components: (1) domain adaptive fine-tuning of multilingual/MSA language models on unlabeled DA data, (2) sub-word embedding pooling, (3) iterative self-training on unlabeled DA data, and (4) iterative DA and MSA distribution alignment. We evaluate our framework on multi-dialectal Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging tasks.The overall results show that the zero-shot transfer learning, using our proposed framework, boosts the performance of the multilingual PLMs by 40.87% in macro-F1 score for the NER task, while it boosts the accuracy by 6.95% for the POS tagging task. For the Arabic PLMs, our proposed framework increases performance by 16.18% macro-F1 for the NER task and 2.22% accuracy for the POS tagging task, and thus, achieving new state-of-the-art zero-shot transfer learning performance for Arabic multi-dialectal sequence labeling.     

“才怪”的词汇化及语用功能

"才怪"在现代汉语口语中十分常见,通过分析"才怪"的句法语义表现,可以拟测其词汇化过程并探讨其词汇化机制。我们初步推测"才怪"是由"才+奇怪"演化并词汇化。"才怪"作为后置标记,表达反预期信息,具有否定功能。"才怪"具有特殊的否定语用价值,在使用上有一定的制约条件。     

Relevance-based entity selection for ad hoc retrieval

Recent developments have shown that entity-based models that rely on information from the knowledge graph can improve document retrieval performance. However, given the non-transitive nature of relatedness between entities on the knowledge graph, the use of semantic relatedness measures can lead to topic drift. To address this issue, we propose a relevance-based model for entity selection based on pseudo-relevance feedback, which is then used to systematically expand the input query leading to improved retrieval performance. We perform our experiments on the widely used TREC Web corpora and empirically show that our proposed approach to entity selection significantly improves ad hoc document retrieval compared to strong baselines. More concretely, the contributions of this work are as follows: (1) We introduce a graphical probability model that captures dependencies between entities within the query and documents. (2) We propose an unsupervised entity selection method based on the graphical model for query entity expansion and then for ad hoc retrieval. (3) We thoroughly evaluate our method and compare it with the state-of-the-art keyword and entity based retrieval methods. We demonstrate that the proposed retrieval model shows improved performance over all the other baselines on ClueWeb09B and ClueWeb12B, two widely used Web corpora, on the [email protected], and [email protected] metrics. We also show that the proposed method is most effective on the difficult queries. In addition, We compare our proposed entity selection with a state-of-the-art entity selection technique within the context of ad hoc retrieval using a basic query expansion method and illustrate that it provides more effective retrieval for all expansion weights and different number of expansion entities.     

叙词表转换为Ontology的研究

Ontology为需要共享某一领域信息的研究人员提供了通用的词表，而这正是传统的叙词表在信息检索中所起的作用。本文对叙词表向OntologY转换进行了综合性介绍，分别介绍了Ontology定义及作用、叙词表和Ontology的联系、Ontology所包含的内容和建立步骤以及叙词表转换为Ontology的研究和进展，最后结合一个具体实例加以阐述。     

语义检索

语义检索是信息检索的发展趋势。本文介绍了三个语义检索系统－UMLS、Semantic web以及WordNet的结构、特点和原理。