异形藻属一新种——扁球异形藻及其生活史的研究

本文报道了团藻目、壳衣藻科、异形藻属一新种——扁球异形藻。此种从非洲的土壤标本中分离 获得。营养细胞(囊壳、原生质体)与已知的其它8个种有明显的不同。生活史的培养观察发现有性生殖为异配，这是此属未曾被描述的一个特征。     

FDI与西部大开发

本文首先定量分析 FDI在 90年代 ,在我国西部地区的分布和发展趋势。得出 90年代 ,西部的 FDI占全国的比重虽然比较小 ,但 FDI的年平均增长速度超过全国平均水平。在西部不同省之间 FDI的比重和增长速度不一 ,增长波动较大 ,有希望在某些城市和地区形成增长极。然后 ,对西部 FDI较少的因素进行了分析 ,在此基础上 ,提出相应的措施。认为在现阶段 ,吸引 FDI加入西部基础设施的建设、形成边境地区“出口加工区”和充分利用原来建设大三线时西部某些企业的设备、人才 ,以及西部某些城市高等教育和科研单位密集的优势 ,吸引 FDI     

Children’s sexual behavior problems: An ecological model using the LONGSCAN data

BackgroundAlthough prior research has indicated that sexual behavior problems (SBPs) are present among maltreated and non-maltreated children, risk factors for SBPs remain understudied. Further, few studies have examined multiple forms of trauma such as exposure to community violence and several likely important familial and environmental factors have yet to be investigated in the context of SBPs. The use of a more comprehensive ecological model of child, trauma-related, family, and environmental risk factors may help to further delineate the factors that contribute to the development of SBPs.ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to build upon previous research by utilizing an ecological model that includes child, trauma-related, caregiver and familial, and environmental factors as potential predictors of SBPs.Participants and SettingThe present study was conducted with 1,112 8-year-old children (51.6% female; 48.9% Black) and their primary caregivers from the Longitudinal Studies in Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) study.ResultsSeveral child, caregiver, and familial factors, as well as sexual and physical abuse demonstrated bivariate associations with SBPs. A number of these factors remained significant in a regression model, such as child’s living arrangement, child’s aggressive behaviors and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), sexual and physical abuse, caregiver’s psychological difficulties, and children’s perceptions of family health.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the role of select child, trauma-related, caregiver and familial, and environmental factors in the context of SBPs and also demonstrate the need to examine multiple levels of children’s environments when investigating SBPs.     

Exploring parent sexuality profiles and links with the sexuality profiles of adolescents who have engaged in sexual abuse

BackgroundParents play an important role in children's development of sexual norms and behaviors. Regarding the family environment of adolescents who have engaged in sexual abuse (AESA), some studies have suggested potential factors of interest, although the sexuality of AESA parents has yet to be considered.Objectives(1) Explore sexual profiles among parents, (2) Examine if the sexual profiles of parents are related to the sexual profiles of AESA.Participants and settingParticipants include 201 parents (116 mothers, 85 fathers) of AESA recruited from specialized treatment and youth centers in Quebec.MethodsHierarchical and nonhierarchical methods were used to generate cluster solutions. Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were then conducted to explore links between parents’ and AESA sexuality profiles.ResultsThree sexuality profiles emerged separately for mothers and fathers, showing similar patterns. Parents in the first two clusters (Overinvested and Atypical Sexuality – OAS and Overinvested and Non-Atypical Sexuality – ONAS) showed greater interest/investment in sexuality and an earlier sexual onset. However, they differed on their sexual interests: Most parents in the OAS cluster reported a greater variety of atypical fantasies and atypical sexual behaviors, while the sexual interests of parents in the ONAS cluster were mainly limited to non-atypical sexuality. Parents in the third cluster (Constrictive Sexuality – CS) were less interested and invested in sexuality. A link between the exacerbated sexuality of mothers (OAS cluster) and of adolescents was also found.ConclusionsThis study represents a first step in showing a potential correspondence between parents’ and AESA sexuality profiles.     

Maintaining Relationship Alternatives Electronically: Positive Relationship Maintenance in Back Burner Relationships

Back burners are desired prospective romantic/sexual partners that people communicate with to establish a future romantic or sexual relationship. We surveyed 658 college students about the extent to which they reported using various positive relationship maintenance strategies (positivity, openness, assurances) during communication with their most important back burner. Consistent with previous research, singles did not differ from those in committed romances in the number of back burners reported; however, singles and casual daters utilized the positive maintenance strategies to a greater extent than did those in committed relationships. Men reported using more assurances than did women, but the sexes did not differ on the other strategies utilized. Implications and limitations are discussed.     

#NotOkay: Stories of sexual assault in the midst of the 2016 U.S. presidential election

Sexual assault affects hundreds of thousands of Americans each year. Social media platforms such as Twitter allow users to anonymously share 140-character messages that serve to convey information and foster a supportive community. Following the release of a 2005 video that captured then Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump bragging in vulgar terms about kissing, groping, and trying to have sex with women, women took to Twitter to share their personal stories of sexual assault using the hashtag #NotOkay. The present study examines 1,091 tweets from women who shared their lived experiences with sexual assault. Findings revealed four themes: characteristics of sexual assault, relationship to perpetrator, public vs. private locations, and action and consequence. The results highlight Twitter as a venue for women to share their lived experiences with sexual assault.     

Accusations that hospital staff have abused pediatric patients

OBJECTIVE: Study objectives were to describe a hospital Child Protection Team's (CPT) efforts to develop and implement a protocol for systematic evaluation and management of accusations that hospital staff have abused pediatric patients, and to learn how to avoid problematic patient encounters and cope with existing accusations. METHOD: This study reports on a retrospective series of cases from one pediatric hospital between 1982 and 1996. It includes a survey of national children's hospitals' experience from 1990 through 1995. RESULTS: After initial complaints to our hospital's CPT, it became apparent that procedures were inadequate to protect the safety of patients and rights of the accused. A protocol for reporting, evaluation, and management of accusations was developed and implemented by the CPT. Thirty-four accusations of abuse of children by staff were reviewed. Seventeen of the physical abuse cases included bruising, fractures, rough handling, and verbal abuse. Eighteen sexual abuse complaints included touching and sexual statements. Complaints were substantiated in 23% of the accusations, and a third of the identified staff members were fired or resigned. Child victims had a high frequency of chronic illness. They and their families frequently had histories of prior abuse, mental illness, and social disarray. These factors made children more likely to become victims of real abuse and to misinterpret standard hospital procedures as abusive. All service areas of the hospital and types of hospital staff were accused of patient abuse. CONCLUSIONS: Few children's hospitals have formal protocols for internal management of or training programs to avoid complaints. Institutions and their staff who care for children should anticipate abuse complaints, train them in risk reduction methods, and develop accusation management plans.     

女性言语的语音变异特点

性别差异是每一种语言中都存在的现象,由于性别因素而造成的语言变异表现在多个方面。本文从语音方面对女性言语变异进行了分析和阐释,探讨了女性的语音语调区别于男性的地方,并进一步探讨了影响这种差异的生理和社会因素等原因。     

内容型激励理论视阈下技术人才政策对职业教育吸引力的影响分析——以《关于提高技术工人待遇的意见》为例

《关于提高技术工人待遇的意见》是我国政府新近颁布的提高技术人才待遇的重要政策性文件。以政策内容条目为单元进行编码,以内容型激励理论对政策文本的激励性措施分析为视角,从职业选择、职业认同和职业发展的角度探讨技术人才政策对职业教育吸引力的影响。     

韶山红色旅游地生命周期分析

根据Butler旅游地生命周期理论,利用数理统计方法对韶山红色旅游地生命周期进行定量分析,界定与划分该旅游地的生命周期阶段,提出保持该旅游地发展的具体措施。