增强河南职业教育吸引力的路径研究——基于供给与需求平衡的选择

在分析河南省职业教育需求和供给总量及结构的基础上提出,其路径选择不仅需要从宏观层面调整职业教育布局,转变职业教育发展模式,而且还应从微观层面提高我省职业教育教学质量。     

山西、陕西沿黄河地区汉语方言第三人称代词类型特征的地理分布与历史层次

山西、陕西沿黄河地区南段人称代词"他"读上声与"我"、"你"同调,存在类推牵引关系。中段"他"读阴平与"我"、"你"不同调,不存在类推牵引关系。北段阴平与上声单字调合流,"他"与"我"、"你"也不存在类推牵引关系。存在类推牵引关系的南段地区属中原官话。不存在类推牵引关系的中段、北段地区属晋语。本文依据近代文献及跨语言比较的资料,分析沿河地区第三人称代词的历史层次。     

国际教育迁移理论的新发展：跨国引力背景图

跨国引力是教育迁移研究的首要问题。本文首先阐述大卫.菲利普斯(David Phillips)和金伯利.奥克斯(Kimberly Ochs)的跨国引力研究及其局限性,解析杰拉米.拉普利(Jeremy Rappleye)提出的跨国引力背景图的基本内涵,最后探讨背景图对跨国引力研究的整合与发展问题。本文认为,背景图反映了全球化教育迁移研究的特征,在分析背景和行动者的作用等方面拓展了跨国引力研究。     

Pornography,Alcohol, and Male Sexual Dominance

This study surveyed German heterosexual men's interest and engagement in a variety of dominant behaviors observed in recent analyses of pornography. Interest in watching popular pornographic movies or more frequent consumption of pornography was associated with men's desire to engage in or having already engaged in behaviors such as hair pulling, spanking a partner hard enough to leave a mark, facial ejaculation, confinement, double-penetration (i.e. penetrating a partner's anus or vagina simultaneously with another man), ass-to-mouth (i.e. anally penetrating a partner and then inserting the penis directly into her mouth), penile gagging, facial slapping, choking, and name-calling (e.g. “slut” or “whore”). Consistent with past experimental research on the effect of alcohol and pornography exposure on men's likelihood of sexual coercion, men who had engaged in the most dominant behaviors were those who frequently consumed pornography and regularly consumed alcohol before or during sex.     

青少年心理问题分析

本文通过对常见心理问题特别是青少年性别角色模糊,适应障碍,考试焦虑,强迫症给予综合分析和对心理咨询师的辅导建议。文章写作采用的方法有观察,访谈,心理实验,国内外相关文章的研究等。目的是提高国内青少年心理健康,与国内心理咨询师分享工作经验。     

Multiple perpetrator rape among girls evaluated at a hospital-based Child Advocacy Center: Seven years of reviewed cases

The aim of this study was to describe contextual events, abuse experiences, and disclosure processes of adolescents who presented to a hospital-based Child Advocacy Center for medical evaluation and evidentiary collection as indicated after experiencing multiple perpetrator rape during a single event (n = 32) and to compare these findings to a group of single perpetrator sexual assaults (n = 534). This study used a retrospective mixed-methods design with in-depth, forensic interviews and complete physical examinations of gang-raped adolescents. Patients ranged from 12 to 17 years (M = 14 years). Girls who experienced multiple perpetrator rape during a single event were more likely to have run away, to have drunk alcohol in the past month, and to have participated in binge drinking in the past 2 weeks. Acute presentation of these victims were rare but 30% had hymenal transections and 38% had sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Forensic interviews revealed alcohol was a common weapon used by offenders, and its use resulted in victims experiencing difficulty in remembering and reporting details for police investigation or physical and mental health care. Most victims were raped at parties they attended with people they thought they could trust, and they felt let down by witnesses who could have helped but did not intervene. Although relatively rare, multiple perpetrator rape during a single event is a type of severe sexual assault experience and has significant risks for deleterious health outcomes. These victims require health care by trained providers to diagnose physical findings, treat STIs, screen for trauma, and support victims.     

History of sexual abuse and suicide attempts in alcohol-dependent patients

History of child abuse is considered one of the important risk factors of suicide attempt in general population. At the same time it has been shown that suicide attempts appear significantly more frequently in alcoholics than in healthy individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between history of childhood sexual abuse and suicide attempts in a sample of Polish alcohol dependent patients. A sample of 364 alcohol-dependent subjects was recruited in alcohol treatment centers in Warsaw, Poland. Information was obtained about demographics, family history of psychiatric problems, history of suicide attempts, sexual and physical abuse during childhood and adulthood and severity of alcohol problems. When analyzed by gender, 7.4% of male and 39.2% of female patients had a lifetime history of sexual abuse; 31.9% of the study group reported at least one suicide attempt during their lifetime. Patients who reported suicide attempts were significantly younger (p = 0.0008), had greater severity of alcohol dependence (p = 0.0002), lower social support (p = 0.003), and worse economic status (p = 0.002). Moreover, there was a significant association between history of suicide attempts and family history of psychiatric problems (p = 0.00025), suicide attempts in the family (p = 0.0073), childhood history of sexual abuse (p = 0.009) as well as childhood history of physical abuse (p = 0.002). When entered into linear regression analysis with other dependent variables history of childhood sexual abuse remained a significant predictor of suicide attempt (OR = 2.52; p = 0.035). Lifetime experience of sexual abuse is a significant and independent risk factor of suicide attempts in alcohol-dependent individuals.     

Early-married and sexually abused girls differ in their psychiatric outcomes

Early marriage and sexual abuse are the two of the most frequent types of childhood abuse. Although early marriage is also a type of sexual abuse, it is associated with different physical, social, and mental outcomes than sexual abuse alone. The purpose of this study was to compare early-married girls and sexually abused girls who were referred for forensic evaluation in Turkey in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, mental disorder rates, and mental symptom severity. We included 63 adolescent girls for whom a judicial report had been demanded and who were under 15 years old when they were married but were not yet 18 years old during the evaluation (15.51 ± 0.78) and 72 sexually abused adolescent girls between 14 and 18 years old (15.80 ± 1.10) in this study. Following a psychiatric evaluation, the study participants completed the Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (CPTS-RI) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). We used the Windows SPSS 16.0 software program to assess the results. At least one psychiatric disorder was determined in 44.4% of the early-married and 77.8% of the sexually abused cases (p < 0.001). A diagnosis of PTSD or ASD was observed in 11.1% of the early-married cases and in 54.2% of the sexually abused victims (p < 0.001). MDD was determined in 33.3% of the early-married cases and 56.9% of the sexually abused cases (p = 0.006). The CPTS-RI scores of the sexually abused victims were higher than those of the early-married cases (p < 0.001). All of the subscale scores of the BSI were higher in the sexually abused adolescents than in the early-married cases (p < 0.001). Although early marriage has severe physical, social and mental outcomes, it is not as severe as sexual abuse in terms of psychiatric disorder rates and the psychiatric symptom severity it causes.     

Communication of social support to sexual harassment victims: Professors’ responses to a student’s narrative of unwanted sexual attention

University professors are important sources of social support for students who have been sexually harassed. However, research has not investigated how professors communicate with students who seek help in coping with this distressful problem. This study examines the types of social support provided by 96 professors in response to a student’s narrative of unwanted sexual attention, and factors that influence their support. The results show that professors provided the student with more problem solving than emotional support. Consistent with the social support model that was a foundation for the study, the types of support were associated with the sex of the professors and student, and the professors’ tolerance for sexual harassment.