英国《学徒制、技能、儿童和学习法案》述评

《学徒制、技能、儿童和学习法案》是英国近年来最为重要的职业教育法案。本文介绍了法案的出台背景;分析了法案的基本框架;并从对学徒制重要文档的规范、职业教育行政管理体系的变化、考试与资格制度的调整以及对员工离职培训的规范四个方面陈述了法案的主要内容;最后分别点评了法案的积极意义及其不足之处。     

Trait anticipatory public speaking anxiety as a function of self‐efficacy expectations and self‐handicapping strategies

The purpose of this study was to determine if the independent variables of self‐efficacy expectations and self‐handicapping strategies would predict trait anticipatory public speaking anxiety. A model was proposed and tested in which self‐efficacy expectations were found to be significant independent predictors of trait anticipatory public speaking anxiety. Self‐handicapping was not a significant predictor. Implications for future research are discussed.     

The Digital Divide as a Complex and Dynamic Phenomenon

The purpose of this article is to propose a fruitful analytical framework for data supposedly related to the concept of the so-called "digital divide." The extent and the nature of this divide depend on the kind of access defined. Considering the possession of hardware, growing divides among different categories of income, employment, education, age, and ethnicity can be proved to have existed in the 1980s and 1990s according to official American and Dutch statistics. If only by effects of saturation, these gaps will more or less close. However, it is shown that differential access of skills and usage is likely to increase. The growth of a usage gap is projected. Multivariate analyses of Dutch official statistics reveal the striking effect of age and gender as compared to education. The usage gap is related to the evolution of the information and network society. Finally, policy perspectives are discussed.     

Investigating pupils' questions in the primary classroom

The paper presents the findings of a coding system applied to the questions generated by primary school pupils to a narrative text. The coding schedule proved consistent across university and teacher researchers. The results and discussion centre on the question type and the degree of understanding displayed by pupils. Suggestions are put forward for the use of a community of inquiry approach to question generation as a means of empowering pupils and allowing the speaking and listening requirements of the National Curriculum to be met in a holistic manner.     

Investing in skills to overcome the crisis? Low-skilled workers in Italy: European strategies,policies and structural weaknesses

A skilled workforce is a prerequisite for productivity and a stepping stone for innovation. This is the reason why education and investment in skills have been made the foundations of Europe 2020, Europe’s strategy to overcome the economic crisis and boost growth. The propensity for developing skills is consistently present in European countries and concerns all educational levels. However, differences between countries are often considerable, in particular with regard to skills and educational attainment. There are countries, such as Italy, which have not been successful thus far at decreasing the number of low-skilled workers. This article aims to describe the situation of low-educated and low-skilled workers in Italy and the impact of the economic crisis on this particularly vulnerable group. The work is based on official data issued by national and international institutions, as well as on results from a narrative analysis of 15 biographical interviews with low-skilled adults in Italy conducted within a Cedefop project. Drawing on both types of sources, the article will offer a perspective on the relationship between structural constraints in regard to access to and participation in lifelong learning in Italy, specifically for low-skilled workers, and individual strategies adopted to cope with these constraints.     

成人高等教育会计专业“学历+技能”培养模式的探索——以宁波教育学院成教学院会计专业为例

成人高等教育会计专业人才培养模式必须打破传统的以会计理论为主、实践教学为辅的课程教学体系,不断创新。按照"学历+技能"的人才培养模式,以"岗位核心能力"为基础,以学历教育与技能培养、考证辅导融为一体的思想改革教学内容,创新成人高等教育会计人才培养模式。     

‘The best students will learn English’: ultra‐utilitarianism and linguistic imperialism in education in post‐1997 Hong Kong

In September 1997, shortly after China resumed sovereignty over Hong Kong, the Education Department announced a policy which was widely seen as a restoration of 'mother‐tongue education', but which, in reality, was an elitist language selection policy. This policy, which provided for the selection of the best primary school graduates for monolingual education in English, was designed to be a cost‐effective way of training in English skills for those who had the economic and cultural capital to benefit from it. Meanwhile, the majority of students were barred from sufficient exposure to English, the language of power and wealth. In this paper, I shall show that this policy draws on a strong utilitarian discourse about the centrality of English for the economic survival of Hong Kong, which was engineered by business interests on the eve of the changeover in 1997, and which helped perpetuate a form of linguistic imperialism. Meanwhile, academics whose research was used to legitimize the policy, failed to problematize dominant language ideologies that have been used to justify pedagogically unsound practices and an inequitable language streaming policy. Through documenting the voices of individual educators, I am able to delineate counter‐discourses which, albeit weak and isolated, nevertheless manifested much broader educational concerns than the narrow utilitarianism and the unquestioned privileging of the learning of English skills that underlay the current policy.     

高职学生学习换元积分法的技巧探讨

根据高职教学实践,归纳总结了由被积函数的形态直观确定两类换元积分法和换元的技巧,并指出应注意的问题,旨在提高学生不定积分的运算能力。     

教育技术职业技能"双元制"培养模式探索

教育技术职业技能是衡量教育技术学本科专业办学质量的一个关键性指标。为了培养高质量的教育技术人才,提高毕业生的就业率与质量,使高校教育技术学专业学生的职业技能适应社会对人才的需求,应以"教育技术职业技能实践"课程为依托,实行"双元制"的教育技术职业技能培养模式,即职业技能的培养实行高校专业教师的理论指导与实践学校教师的实践指导相结合。     

成人高等函授教育教学模式改革创新的思考

模块式教学法突出学生在教学中的主体地位,在教学过程中始终把学生放在“中心位置”,充分体现了“以人为本”的教学理念。立足于成人高等函授教育的目的和学员特点,引入模块式教学法,对促进成人高等函授教育,提高教学质量具有重要的作用和意义。文章就成人高等函授教育教学模块设计的原则和教学模块的构成及运行等进行了探讨。