中国学者对美国利益集团的研究

在过去近30年中,中国学者对美国利益集团做了多方面的研究和探讨,在诸如利益集团兴盛的原因、利益集团对美国国内外政策的影响及利益集团的评价等方面,学者们提出不同的观点和主张,取得了丰硕的成果,为进一步深入探讨美国利益集团打下了扎实的基础.同时,由于研究领域和研究方法的限制,我们的研究和探讨也存在一些缺陷和不足之处.     

中小型高校图书馆编目数据质量控制刍议

论述了中小型高校图书馆对于编目数据质量控制的必要性,分析了影响编目数据质量的因素及提高编目数据质量的对策.     

Some Differences in Modes of Use of an Environmental Education Programme by School Teachers and Community Leaders

Summaries

English

An attempt was made to compare the types of outdoor activities chosen by school teachers versus community centre leaders. OBIS (Outdoor Biology Instructional Strategies) was used as a model of an environmental programme. Results show that teachers relate outdoor activities to subjects studied by children in class; they choose activities according to concepts presented and group activities around a common topic. Teachers are equally divided by their preferences for activity form: simulation, organism study or game. Community leaders most often chose activities in the form of games and they attribute more importance to the ‘fun’ of the activity and its attractiveness to children. Both groups did not consider participation in a workshop as an important factor in choosing the activities.

It was concluded that in order to spread environmental knowledge, it is necessary to provide many activities to select from, rather than a few units heavily burdened with subject matter.     

中小企业创新理论与模式研究综述

本文对国内外中小企业创新理论与模式相关文献进行了归纳总结。国外对企业创新理论和模式的研究主要集中在技术创新、自主创新、管理创新等方面,从存在的必要性和创新的主要路径对中小企业进行研究;国内主要从中小企业创新模式的选择、优化路径、相关理论的具体运用以及国外中小企业发展经验借鉴研究,并提出今后中小企业创新研究的方向和重点。     

Motivation in group assessment: a phenomenological approach to post-graduate group assessment

Whilst group work has many benefits for enhancing collaborative learning, it can cause anxiety in summative assessments when group members do not contribute equal effort. Increasing understanding of student perceptions of group assessment, and in particular their motivation to persevere to overcome the challenges, has the potential to lead to better assessment design and reduce dysfunctional behaviour. This exploratory study borrows from phenomenology to investigate the lived experience of a cohort of post-graduate journalism students at a UK university, who were required to work in small groups to produce a web-based, multimedia journal for a final summative assessment. Using the expectancy-value theory of motivation, this study examines whether students were motivated by the task, and how this might influence their perception of the group assessment experience. The study found that not only was the group motivated by this assessment design, but also, in contrast to much of the literature on group assessment, their experience of group work was defined by harmony, loyalty and an ‘all for one, one for all’ attitude. It is therefore proposed that student groups are less likely to be dysfunctional or dissatisfied with group assessment if the group expects to do well and values the task.     

“小水窖”工程的政策绩效评价——以修文县为个案

＂小水窖＂工程可以将蓄水与用水融为一体,做到＂小水大用、一水多用＂,是解决山区生产及生活用水的有效措施。通过定性研究与定量研究相结合的方法,对修文县的＂小水窖＂工程进行了政策绩效评价,结果表明修文县＂小水窖＂工程存在公民参与有限、资金绩效不高以及工程监督不到位等诸多问题。因此,需要制定促进公民参与、拓宽融资渠道、加强工程资金管理和加大监督力度等有效对策,以提高其政策绩效。     

《易经·小畜卦》对当代青年的启示

源自自然,包罗万象,大道之源,博大精深,《易经》包含着生活智慧,虽历经时代更迭,却历久弥新,即便是在科技高速发达的今天,同样具有重要的指导意义;读《易经》经典,感悟生活智慧。本文通过对《易经》第九卦,即小畜卦的研究,强调当代青年在致富方面要做到君子爱财,富亦有道;在理财方面要做到管理财富,张弛有度,但是一定要财富诚可贵,德行价更高。     

浅谈我国中小型企业在全球经济危机下的成本管理

近几年的全球经济危机导致国内中小型企业经济不断恶化,有的甚至出现倒闭。面对全球经济危机下的市场经济新形势,深化中小型企业成本管理的改革也日益成为一个突出而又迫切的问题。本文介绍了中小型企业成本的基本概念以及对企业发展的影响,分析了我国中小企业成本管理存在的问题,探讨了我国中小型企业成本管理的途径,指出了在市场经济条件下,降低成本是中小型企业经营管理的重点,增收节支、创造利润最大化是企业的最终目标。     

Incorporating electronic products into the acquisitions workflow in a small college library

Electronic products have changed the number of options available for individualizing the acquisitions workflow. Individual preferences and cost-effectiveness determine the mix of print with electronic products for each selector, with some advantages of the electronic medium being desktop availability at each workstation, the ease of electronic transfer of bibliographic information for ordering, access to the latest ordering information available, electronic searching capability, and e-mail alerts. Some of the electronic products choices used at Saint Mary’s College, a small, liberal arts oriented college, are discussed briefly.     

解析中小企业贷款难及其对策——贯彻落实“十一五”规划纲要的一点思考

中小企业是经济和社会发展的主体力量之一。实施中小企业成长工程,就要破解制约它成长的主要瓶颈即贷款难的问题,分析其原因,并提出解决的对策。