教育科学化的早期探索——欧美教育科学研究运动简析

19世纪后期至20世纪初期,欧美出现的教育科学研究运动是教育研究领域一次具有深远意义的运动它的出现与这个时期欧美社会新的发展和教育的深刻变革,以及人们对科学、科学与教育关系的认识有密切的联系。根据欧美教育科学研究运动中一些突出的事件加以划分,其发展可以分为四个阶段,且每个阶段都有其显著的特点。19世纪末至20世纪初期,欧美出现的教育科学研究运动是现代科学研究思想和方法在教育研究领域里的初次运用和实践,其所关注的领域和所争论的问题值得今天反思与借鉴。     

浅析宗教改革对西欧近代教育世俗化的影响

马丁·路德出于对宗教的虔诚对"因信称义"作出了新的宗教解释,并在宣传其宗教观点的同时强调阅读《圣经》的重要性,从而大力推行对民众的文化教育。对民众的文化教育加速了教育的世俗化,世俗化的教育打破了罗马教会的教育垄断权,致使教育权力转移到世俗国家手中,教育的世俗化以及教育权力的转移是西欧现代早期国家形成不可缺少的因素。     

瑞、德、英人力资源管理与开发的特点及启示

瑞士、德国、英国等欧洲各国人力资源的开发与管理,重视理论研究与方法论,具有完善的绩效评估系统,加强核心岗位人员培训,以人为本,重视组织文化战略,对我国人力资源开发与管理,有重要的启示和借鉴价值。     

赴欧洲考察的启示

通过对欧洲十国及新加坡的考察,感受了旅游的乐趣与功效,收集了各国旅游发展新动态,增加了对旅游业前景看好的信心,对培养合格的旅游人才有了更明确的认识,达到了增知、益智、了解世界、掌握旅游市场需求的目的。     

National Information Infrastructures in Central and Eastern Europe: Perspectives from the Library Community

Information infrastructures (IIs) are a complex arrangement of people, technology, institutions, content, and conduits. Their development is shaped by the environment in which they evolve and the visions ascribed to them by the various actors. This article examines the assumptions, meanings, and definitions associated with IIs in four Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. In particular, it focuses on how one stakeholder group, the library community, frames the policy debates around IIs. In-depth interviews were conducted in 1999 with 49 library policymakers in 37 institutions. The data shed light on the respondents' collective story and visions and help us gain a better understanding of political and cultural differences in the development of IIs.     

留日学生文学与留欧美学生文学异同

中国现代文学的发生、发展都离不开留日学生作家和留欧美学生作家这两个特殊的群体。留美学生作家在文学理论创新上先声夺人，而留日学生作家则在创作上显示了新文学创作的实绩。他们虽然存在着差异性，但其最初的指向性是一致的。     

Towards a European Academic Labour Market? Some Lessons Drawn from Empirical Studies on Academic Mobility

In Europe, academic mobility has a long tradition which began with the birth of the European universities in the middle ages. Recently, European policies were strongly oriented towards the promotion of student and academic mobility and the creation of research networks and projects within Europe. Nevertheless, academic labour markets in Europe remain highly national and many obstacles hinder the development of European careers and the europeanisation/internationalisation of academic recruitments. Two different perspectives will be developed in this paper. First we will document the strong divergences among the national recruitment and careers processes within Europe and the problems raised by this situation. Second, we will draw on two empirical studies we conducted on academic mobility, the first one, led in 1995 in France, Germany and the UK and the second this year in France. Both studies show that most post-docs conceived their foreign experience as a personal strategy and aimed at improving their chances for recruitment in their own country. Within Europe, foreign country careers still are an exception due to accidental opportunities.     

浅议东欧回归欧洲的战略进程

东欧剧变后，为尽快回归欧洲，按照欧盟设计的政治、经济制度模式和法律框架积极进行调整和发展，为加入欧盟做准备。与此同时，欧盟根据东欧国家的局势演变做出相应反应。但是东欧入盟仍须时日。     

文凭、学历和学位的相互承认：欧洲的实践和探索

凭、学历与学位的相互承认是推进高等教育国际化的一项重要内容和现实策略。本对半个世纪以来欧洲国家在凭、学历与学位的相互承认方面颁布的法律件及实施情况进行了阐述和分析。     

"先欧后亚"的代价与豫湘桂大溃退

“先欧后亚”战略的结果是中国要在日本的长期围困、缺乏盟国直接有效的物资及军事配合支持的情况下 ,经受住日本最大的军事压力。因长期的超负荷承担战争压力 ,使中国正面战场的抵抗能力日趋下降 ,这是先欧后亚这一战略选择的必然代价 ,但也恰恰是中国为赢得这场战争 ,不惜付出巨大民族牺牲所作出的特殊而又带悲壮色彩的贡献形式。可以说在二战中是以中国的长期虚弱为代价支撑着盟军各条战线的辉煌 ,豫湘桂作战是这一全球战略与中国战场关系的缩影 ,是以牺牲中国为代价换取盟军全球战略实施的典型表现