基于边界的图像质量评价方法

图像边界是图像质量评价的主要因素。提出了一种结合图像边界的各向异性和奇异性等因素定义边界强度,利用边界的正规性定义边界保持度,然后结合人眼视觉的掩蔽效应和凸效应来建立数学模型,以此度量图像质量。实验结果表明,该方法在对模糊图像和对图像边缘、纹理要求高的领域,其质量评价优于现有的评价方法。     

湖北省赛艇轻量级运动员力量训练的研究

以湖北省16名赛艇轻量级运动员为研究对象,在研究赛艇运动员力量训练的生理学基础和赛艇运动生理特征的基础上为其制定为期21周的力量训练方案并实施,训练前后对其2000m成绩和卧拉、深蹲两项指标进行测试,训练期间对其蹲举、卧拉和收腹3项指标进行测试。对测试结果的分析表明,训练前后赛艇运动员的力量素质得到全面提高,最大力量素质存在显著性差异,力量耐力素质进步明显。在分析赛艇运动员力量训练效果的基础上提出建议,为赛艇运动员的力量训练提供参考依据。     

力量训练应用于运动减肥领域的价值分析

随着人们生活水平提高和活动量的减少,肥胖人群日益增多。肥胖被认为是过多脂肪在体内堆积,从而引发危害人体健康的一种流行性疾病。大量研究表明,在各种减肥方式中,运动不仅能有效的减少体内多余脂肪、改善人体形态,还有降压的效果。怎样科学有效的运动减肥引起了人们的普遍关注。长期以来的研究认为,适量的有氧运动是运动减肥的主要手段。而近期的报道认为,力量训练在减肥运动处方中也占据重要地位,减肥者在进行力量训练时各机能、系统都能受到良好的影响。也就是说科学合理的安排有氧运动、力量训练能够达到更为理想的减肥效果。本文通过阅读大量文献资料,从力量训练生理机制方面展开论述,进一步分析如何科学有效的应用有氧运动和力量训练进行减肥。以期能够通过本文提示人们合理制定减肥处方,远离肥胖和疾病。     

Is possible an eccentric overload in a rotary inertia device? Comparison of force profile in a cylinder-shaped and a cone-shaped axis devices

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to compare the force profile of using a horizontal cylinder-shaped axis or a vertical cone-shaped axis to provide resistance in rotary inertia devices, and to report the evolution of kinetic and kinematic variables in experienced athletes during a half-squat exercise. Twenty-two healthy active men participated in the assessment of time, peak velocity, peak force, time to reach the peak force, average force, impulse, and range of movement, during a half-squat incremental test performed on conical inertial device (CP) and on cylinder inertial device (YY). The analysis showed that YY during CON-ECC phased generates substantial higher peak_force, mean_force, impulse, time, and a lower peak_velocity, than CP. We never obtained eccentric overload for peak_force or mean_force. CP offers less resistance to accelerate-decelerate the movement with respect to YY, we need checking whether eccentric overload it is being produced, and the impulse was the only kinetic variable that was able to discriminate between the inertias and devices.     

A biomechanical approach to evaluate overload and specificity characteristics within physical preparation exercises

ABSTRACT

An essential component of any physical preparation programme is the selection of training exercises to facilitate desired performance outcomes, with practitioners balancing the principles of sports training to inform exercise selection. This study aimed to advance biomechanical understanding of the principles of overload and specificity within exercise selection, utilising novel joint kinetic and intra-limb joint coordination analyses. Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data were obtained from six male sprinters (100 m PB, 10.64–11.00) performing block starts (competitive motor task) and seven training exercises that encompassed traditionally viewed general and more specific exercises. Results highlighted the challenging nature of exercise selection, with all exercises demonstrating capacity to overload relevant joint kinetic features of the block start. In addition, all exercises were able to promote the emergence of proximal and in-phase extension joint coordination patterns linked with block start execution, although traditionally viewed non-specific exercises elicited greater overall coordination similarity. The current research helps advance biomechanical understanding of overload and specificity within exercise selection, by demonstrating how exercise selection should not solely be based on perceived replication of a competitive motor task. Instead, practitioners must consider how the musculoskeletal determinants of performance are overloaded, in addition to promoting task specific coordination patterns.     

民间信仰与洪水型兄妹婚神话存续之间的关系研究——以彝族洪水型兄妹婚神话为例

广泛流传于彝族民众中的洪水型兄妹婚活态神话以民间信仰为源头,并借助定期、反复的信仰仪式展演而不断活化和强化。民间信仰又运用口耳相传、文本记述、媒体录制等方式,唤醒并加深彝族民众关于洪水型兄妹婚神话的记忆。彝族洪水型兄妹婚神话中的主人公或神物即是民间信仰中的祖先神、崇拜物,在供奉、祭祀祖先的活动中人们的神话思想逐渐明晰,神话寄托愈加强烈。依托民间信仰这一载体,神话的自然传承便有序、顺畅地延续开来,所以说,神话与民间信仰水乳交融,难分彼此,两者在强化对方的同时也加强了它们之间的存续关系。     

对青少年网球运动力量素质训练的再认识

“力量技术型”的网球选手,将是未来网坛的姣姣者,辽宁省青少年网球运动员强化力量素质训练,科学合理地安排力量练习,促进运动成绩迅速提高实践,启迪人们应对力量素质的地位、作用及训练安排等问题的再认识。     

健美操核心肌肉力量训练对女大学生动态平衡能力的影响

目的:探讨健美操核心肌肉力量训练对女大学生动态平衡能力的影响。方法:将本科一年级选修健美操专项课的女大学生为研究对象,随机分成对照组和核心力量组2组,每组8人,共计16人。对照组进行常规训练,核心力量组进行为期6周的核心力量训练。6周训练结束后,进行动态平衡测试和表面肌电(sEMG)测试。结果:睁眼和闭眼状态下,核心力量组综合动摇指数(OS),前/后动摇指数(A/P),中间/侧方动摇指数(M/L)均小于对照组,存在显著性差异(P<0.05);核心力量组腓肠肌和胫前肌积分肌电(iEMG)及中位频阈(MF)均小于对照组,且两组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:健美操教学中核心肌肉力量训练能够有效地提高女大学生的动态平衡能力。     

论曾国藩、李鸿章的实力外交思想

外交必须以强大的国力为后盾.曾国藩主要通过扩充军力以培植国力.李鸿章不仅继承了曾的这一思想,并把曾氏建立近代海军的设想扩展为海防思想,而且还把实力外交思想从单纯扩充军力发展到增强经济实力,形成了富强相因的思想.曾李为培植国力作了诸多努力,对中国的自强运动产生了深远的影响.     

冰壶运动员体能训练研究——基于加拿大奥林匹克冰壶队体能训练计划分析

基于加拿大冰壶国家队体能训练计划,对冰壶运动的制胜因素、关键体能因素、训练计划实施进行了深入研究。研究结果显示：运动员身体重心姿态的稳定性和抗疲劳的能力是影响投石准确性的决定因素。加拿大奥林匹克冰壶队体能训练包括短时多样常态的平衡训练;小负荷多次数的一般力量循环练习;贴近冰上动作结构的专项力量耐力训练以及有氧持续训练与有氧间歇训练相结合提高恢复能力。体能训练贯穿全年训练计划始终,平衡训练与核心训练频率较高。