西部地区农业科技成果转化问题的思考

西部地区农业科技成果转化率低于全国平均水平,其主要原因仍是资金、人才的缺乏和转化途径不健全。西部大开发为加速农业科技成果转化提供了广阔的市场。在西部大开发的大环境下,就成果转化问题提出了相应的解决办法。     

Evaluation of clinical utility of serum enzymes and troponin—T in the early stages of acute myocardial infarction

Laboratory infarction diagnostics are based on the detection of elevated serum activities of total Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase isoensyme MB, (CKMB), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), isoenzyme forms of LDH and transaminases. Determination of these cardiac marker enzymes permits a highly sensitive diagnosis of transmural myocardial infarction. In such patients the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction can be confirmed by the clinical, symptoms, and changes in the ECG in addition to the enzyme assays. The 50 AMI patients selected in the present study were those admitted to the ICCU of Shri Krishna Hospital, Karamsad. The blood samples were taken at the time of admission (ie. within four hours of the start of chest pain). The samples were analyzed for CK, CKMB, SGOT, (Serum glutamate oxaloactate transaminase) αHBDH α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and troponin T. The serum CKMB activity in AMI showed an increase only 5–6 hours after the commencement of chest pain. The elevation in SGOT and αHBDH was still delayed. At the same time we could observe that the cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) was elevated at the time of admission of the patient itself. This increase of cTnT in AMI patients was 20 times higher than the normal blood donors. The controls included 25 normal blood donors and 25 patients with polytraumatic injuries with no chest contusion. The study shows that cTnT estimation could serve in the early diagnosis of AMI. The increase of cardiac troponin T in AMI patients was 20 times higher than the normal blood donors in AMI patients at the time of admission. Cardiac troponin T in serum appears to be a more sensitive indicator of myocardial cell injury than CKMB activity and its detection in the circulation may be a useful prognostic indicator in patients with unstable angina as well. When the blood of normal blood donors or that of patients with polytraumatic injury was analysed the troponin T values were well within the normal range in both the above categories showing that cardiac troponin T is highly specific for heart tissue. Although CKMB and cardiac troponin T are released soon after the myocardial injury, the release of cardiac troponin T is much earlier than CKMB thereby invalidating the important role of cardiac troponin T in diagnosing AMI. Cardiac troponin T has been shown to be highly sensitive for cardiac injury and not elevated in any other trauma, heavy exercise or skeletal muscle injury. Cardiac troponin T is ordinarily undetectable in healthy individuals, and so its measurement can serve as a powerful tool in the diagnosis of AMI.     

区域科技浅论

长期以来,国家科技发展偏重于领域科技,而相对忽视区域科技。为此,文章首先对区域科技的内涵进行了界定,并分析了区域科技发展的主要特点;接着分析了发展区域科技的必要性以及典型的发展模式;最后,指出了发展区域科技的现实意义。     

脑缺血后短T1高信号的临床意义

目的:提高对脑缺血后出现短T1高信号的认识并探讨其临床意义。方法:分析23例患者脑梗塞后出现短T1高信号的MRI表现,全部病例均同时行CT检查和随访。结果:病变位于基底节区15例,皮、髓质区5例,小脑3例;基底节区病变呈斑片状短T1信号,皮、髓质区及小脑病变呈散在斑点状短T1信号改变;23例MRI检查出现短T1信号后,立即行CT检查,22例病变中无高密度影,1例枕叶梗塞部位出现少许点状高密度影与MR图像相似。结论:脑缺血后出现短T1高信号并非出血,而是多种因素综合所致,这对临床正确治疗选择很有意义。     

胃癌患者外周血调节性T细胞CD4+和CD25+的检测及意义

目的:研究胃癌患者外周血中调节性T细胞(T regulatory cells,Tr)的CD4 和CD25 表达与胃癌临床病理的关系,并分析其意义。方法:采用流式细胞术检测44例胃癌患者和10例健康体检者外周血CD4 CD25 Tr水平,并进行分层分析。结果:健康成人对照组外周血Tr表达率为(6.05±1.88)%,胃癌患者外周血CD4 CD25 Tr细胞占总CD4 T细胞的(15.27±4.06)%,与健康对照组比较,外周血CD4 CD25 Tr细胞比率均明显升高,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。分层分析显示,胃癌外周血Tr表达与淋巴结转移率和TNM分期有着负相关性,淋巴结转移阳性和TNM分期越晚,Tr表达率越高(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌患者外周血CD4 CD25 Tr细胞比率明显升高,并与患者免疫力低下及临床病理存在显著相关性,提示祛除人的CD4 CD25 Tr细胞是一种有效的治疗肿瘤的新方法。     

从科技对文化产业发展的促进作用看文化科技发展的特点

促进文化与科技的有机融合,充分发挥市场对于科技资源配置的决定作用,在遵循文化产业发展规律的基 础上,建立完善相关创新机制与环境,有效促进文化与科技创新要素的集聚互动,实现科技对于文化产业发展的促进 支撑作用。     

科技期刊封一执行GB/T3179—2009的调查分析

为更好地实现科技期刊封一编排的标准化,抽样调查501种科技期刊封一执行GB/T 3179—2009的情况,分析存在的问题,提出了实施GB/T3179—2009的建议。     

低氧训练对中长项目自行车运动员生理生化指标的影响

目的:探讨低氧训练模式对运动员生理生化指标的影响。方法:实验为期4周,采用低住高练,常氧训练为主,低氧运动为辅的训练方式,每周测定血液生理生化指标。结果:低氧训练期间两组运动员的WBC均先降低后升高。RBC、Hb、Hct均明显升高,且女性增高幅度大于男性;训练结束后一周,男性较训练前无显著性差异,而女性则明显高于训练前。男性运动员在整个低氧训练期和结束训练后CK和T均未出现显著性变化,BUN仅在低氧训练第4周和训练结束后一周显著性增加。女性运动员CK值从低氧训练第3周开始显著性降低;BUN则在整个低氧训练期和结束训练后一周显著性增加;T值仅在训练结束后显著增加。     

27 家省市科技文献资源网站用户共享满意度调查分析

应用科技文献网站用户满意度测评模型,对27 家地方性科技文献网站的用户共享满意度进行评价,得到各 家网站的共享满意测评数据,并示例说明网站如何根据自身的特征,对微观层面上的因素进行正价细致的、有针对性 的分析,以寻找有效的改进措施,以达到有效提高用户共享满意度的目的。     

Altmetrics在科技期刊资源评价中的应用研究

讨论传统文献计量学和基于社交网络数据的Altmetrics相结合的科技期刊评价方法,从传统引文库和社交网 络媒体中通过API 的方式,利用唯一标识符或文本串对应等方法识别文献实体,对科技期刊的网络影响力、声誉等属性 进行评价,并以Scientometrics为样本期刊进行实证分析。最后针对Altmetrics应用于期刊评价时对于区分对待不同社交 网站的数据、增加对评价时间的阶段分析、识别文献关注度的操纵行为等需要注意的几个问题进行讨论。