高等专科学校英语应用能力考试问题摭析

本文通过对高等专科学校英语应用能力考虑的效度、信度、区分性、实用性和对教学的反拨作用的陈述与分析，使广大教师在大学英语教学中，处理好测试与教学的关系，重视应用能力的培养。     

The Draw-a-Scientist Test in an African context: comparing students’ (stereotypical) images of scientists across university faculties

Background: People’s perceptions of scientists have repeatedly been investigated using the Draw-a-Scientist Test (DAST). The test is used to identify people’s (stereotypical) images of scientists, which might affect attitudes towards science and science-related career choices.

Purpose: The current study has two goals. (1) Applying the DAST at a university in South Africa, the study will add to the existing research literature through its Southern African context. (2) The study will also look more closely at the link between (stereotypical) images of scientists and science-related career choices.

Sample: The DAST was applied to first-year students (n = 445) across different faculties at a South African university. If the assumption that young people’s perceptions of scientists influence their career choice is correct, one would expect differences in the drawings made by students who have opted for different fields of study.

Design and methods: The DAST was administered during orientation week of the first-year students in January 2017. Students were provided with a prepared blank sheet of paper and asked to draw a scientist and to fill in further information on the back of the paper. A content analysis applying the DAST checklist was used to analyse the images.

Results: The findings show that South African students use about four stereotypical indicators when drawing a scientist, and social science students drew stereotypical attributes more frequently when compared to students from other faculties. A typical scientist – as depicted in this study – is a man of uncertain age, who wears eyeglasses and a lab coat, and is surrounded by laboratory equipment.

Conclusions: Findings are largely in line with the international research literature. To challenge gender stereotypes, more contact between students and female role models might be essential. If (stereotypical) images really affect science-related career choices deserves further attention in future research studies.     

信息熵在多项选择题质量分析中的应用

多项选择题是各种测试中使用的较为广泛的题型之一,施测后对题目各选项的有效性做出判断可为评价测试质量提供重要参考依据。本文由分析多项选择问题的信息熵入手,给出多项选择题等价选法个数d的计算公式。同时,对多项选择题之间的质量比较问题,给出了使用相对熵的比较方法。     

网上考试系统的设计与实现

考试系统是网上学习环境的重要组成部分。介绍计算机化自适应考试(Computerize Adaptive Test)的基本理论依据和实施过程，构建了设计题库的数据模型并提出一个基于Web的自适应考试系统框架结构，分别阐述了检索编辑模块、成绩管理模块、组卷模块、统计分析模块、辅助模块、试卷输出处理模块等考试系统六大模块的开发，特别是手动组卷模块功能的设计和实现。     

谈语言测试的信度

信度在语言测试中非常重要，对于广大语言教师来说，重要的是从一开始就认识到不同因素对信度的影响，因为很多教师倾向于认为测试是绝对可靠的测量工具，却认识不到语言测试只能是一种间接测试，即使是最好的测试在充当测量语言能力的工具时，也有几分不准确。本文简要介绍检验测试信度的方法及提高信度要注意的主要事项。     

从普通话水平测试看高职普通话教学

普通话水平测试在一定程度上促进了现阶段普通话教学的深入。高职普通话教学应研究测试大纲,针对实际设置教学目标,循序渐进,因材施教,才能提高学生普通话水平,保证普通话水平测试的质量。     

发动机性能试验数据采集系统及试验的可视化研究

作者开发了基于WINDOWS的发动机性能试验数据采集系统,具有高速、高效、高精度的优点。本系统能同时测量16个参数,同时也提供了一个D／A输出1：2,供进行自动控制使用。用VISUAL C 为工具的编程软件,编制了数据采集、处理、分析,图形绘制、打印软件。引进监督曲线,随时监控试验情况。对柴油机和汽油机分别进行了性能试验,试验结果表明：该系统实现了预期的目的：系统人机界面友好,操作简便,具有良好的通用性和实用价值。     

谈中等卫生职业学校体格检查技能教学

中等卫生职业学校是培养面向基层卫生事业的实用型人才；体格检查是医学生迈向临床学科的重要桥梁，步入医学殿堂不可缺少的阶梯。在体格检查技能教学中要采用各种教学方法，把理论知识、实践技能、学习态度相结合进行教学和测评，才能真正体现中专医学生的素质教育，为我国基层医疗事业做出更大的贡献。     

对HSK部分等级的验证性研究

中国汉语水平考试(HSK)的作用之一是界定留学生进入中国大学入系学习时所应具备的汉语能力。根据有关规定,HSK三级和六级分别是进入中国大学理工西医类和文史中医类入系学习的最低标准。本文采用安哥夫、边缘组及对照组三种方法对此标准进行了验证性研究。