Engineering a multi-purpose test collection for Web retrieval experiments

Past research into text retrieval methods for the Web has been restricted by the lack of a test collection capable of supporting experiments which are both realistic and reproducible. The 1.69 million document WT10g collection is proposed as a multi-purpose testbed for experiments with these attributes, in distributed IR, hyperlink algorithms and conventional ad hoc retrieval.WT10g was constructed by selecting from a superset of documents in such a way that desirable corpus properties were preserved or optimised. These properties include: a high degree of inter-server connectivity, integrity of server holdings, inclusion of documents related to a very wide spread of likely queries, and a realistic distribution of server holding sizes. We confirm that WT10g contains exploitable link information using a site (homepage) finding experiment. Our results show that, on this task, Okapi BM25 works better on propagated link anchor text than on full text.WT10g was used in TREC-9 and TREC-2000 and both topic relevance and homepage finding queries and judgments are available.     

Imitation games: Turing, Menard, Van Meegeren

For many, the very idea of an artificialintelligence has always been ethicallytroublesome. The putative ability of machinesto mimic human intelligence appears to callinto question the stability of taken forgranted boundaries between subject/object,identity/similarity, free will/determinism,reality/simulation, etc. The artificiallyintelligent object thus appears to threaten thehuman subject with displacement and redundancy.This article takes as its starting point AlanTuring's famous 'imitation game,' (the socalled 'Turing Test'), here treated as aparable of the encounter between human originaland machine copy – the born and the made. Thecultural resonances of the recent on-lineperformance of a 'Turing Test' for computergenerated art are then explored. Arttraditionally taken to stand for all that isconsidered quintessentially human – andtherefore resistant to mechanisation –represents in this sense a kind of 'criticalcase' in the advance of machine intelligence.The article focuses on the moral status of thebody, human agency, and social knowledge in theongoing (re-)constructions of copy, original,and of the difference between them.     

U形汽车覆盖件成形数值模拟分析

文章对U形车身碰撞盒进行了结构分析,按照结构特点对该零件进行了几何建模和有限元建模,从而进行了冲压成形数值模拟分析。     

Validation of the diagnostic tool for assessing Tertiary students’ readiness for online learning

Increasing numbers of educational institutions are adopting an online approach to teaching and learning; however, little regard has been given to the prerequisite personal and technical qualities required for academic achievement and satisfaction within this environment. In recognition of this, researchers have been exploring the design, development and testing of diagnostic tools to assess student readiness for online learning. This study builds on previous work by the authors to further validate their diagnostic tool for assessing Tertiary students’ readiness for online learning (TSROL) which has four subscales: ‘Technical skills’, ‘Computer self‐efficacy’, ‘Learner preferences’ and ‘Attitudes towards computers’. Factor and reliability analyses revealed that Technical skills and Computer self‐efficacy possessed good reliability and validity, and ‘Attitudes towards computers’ fair reliability and validity. However, ‘Learner preferences’ required revision as it possessed poor reliability and validity. Analysing the demographic data revealed that older students had lower Technical Skills and computer self‐efficacy than younger students. The TSROL can be improved by adopting a more multidimensional interpretation of the Learning preferences and Attitudes towards computers subscales.     

改革考试模式 促进开放教育的健全发展

全国电大已有近3000个开放教育的教学点,如何处理好"量的扩张"和"质的提升"的关系、免试入学的宽进和严出的关系等引起了社会各方面的关注,电大开放教育考试改革问题已成了教育界关注的焦点。本文分析了现行开放教育的考试模式,指出其存在的一些问题,并针对这些问题提出了改革开放教育考试模式的一些设想;提出推广半开卷考试模式的重要性和必要性,以促进开放教育的健全发展,为社会输送合格的高级专门、应用型人才。     

国家职业汉语能力测试题型效度分析研究

国家职业汉语能力测试(ZHC)客观测试部分包括7种题型。本文通过统计、分析7份实测试卷各题型的区分度、难度,初步验证了这7种题型的合理性、有效性。     

2018年高考全国卷理科综合化学试题“学科素养”的评价功能

化学学科素养包括宏观辨识与微观探析、变化观念与平衡思想、证据推理与模型认知、科学探究与创新意识、科学态度与社会责任5个方面。高考作为我国重要的人才选拔考试,其试题具有重要的“学科素养”评价功能。通过对2018年高考全国I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ卷理科综合化学试题考查目标的分析,诠释试题考查化学核心素养的5个维度,同时对每个素养的不同水平进行刻画,体现了“素养为本”的命题主旨,对中学化学教学具有良好的导向作用。     

轿车转向节柱虚拟模态分析及验证

本文通过有限元法建立了某轿车前桥转向节柱的有限元分析模型,提出若干简化模型和分块划分网格的建议,通过虚拟试验的方法计算了该零件的自由状态下的振动模态,采用对比仿真计算结果与试验所得的模态频率和振型的方法,验证了该零件有限元模型的准确性,同时也为该零件作进一步的疲劳分析提供了可靠的有限元模型,并为类似的复杂零件建立有限元模型提供参考。     

高校学生对可持续发展的认知研究——基于全球261所高校的调查数据

联合国教科文组织自2015年以来在全球范围内开展了一项针对高校学生的可持续发展认知测试，其测试结果开创性地勾勒出了高校学生可持续发展认知的全球图景。基于该测试第一批次全球261所高校的调查数据分析发现，高校学生已具备基本的可持续发展知识和素养，可持续教育已普遍纳入高校的培养计划，未来需要更多地在实践活动中培养学生的可持续责任意识，“可持续发展为导向的大学”理念广泛受到认同与传播。中国高校学生在测试中整体表现优于国际平均水平，这是近年来我国高校开展可持续教育的成果体现。可持续发展教育的进一步推进需要政策、理论和实践等多层面的支持和联动。我国高校围绕立德树人的重要目标，应把可持续发展理念融入学生核心素养和综合素质培养之中。     

游离于两种文化之间的生存状态——评於梨华前期小说《考验》

在中西文化的夹缝中,海外华人这个特殊群体如何定位自己的身份和地位,如何应对这种冲突和挑战,这都是美籍华人女作家於梨华所努力表达的内容。在《考验》中,作家通过留美的男女主人公面对异质文化的冲突时所作出的不通反应,着重表现了人物在变动的环境中所感受到的压力,以及在时代的发展中个体难以把握命运的痛苦。