基于MapX的城市交通流诱导系统仿真的实现

本文从武汉城市交通的特征出发,利用地理系统GIS开发软件商MapInfo公司提供的GIS软件开发平台MapX组件,结合微软公司提供的面向对象VC编程工具进行二次开发。通过介绍城市交通流诱导系统的功能模块,分析了此系统功能模块实现的各个方面因素,结合武汉实际交通情况,并以容量限制-多路径方法来实现城市交通流诱导系统仿真。     

浅层地震反射波法在过江通道勘察中的应用

浅层地震是工程地质勘察中的一种重要手段,其特有的高分辨率特性有利于确定地层界面、基岩起伏变化的形态。针对不同的地质情况,采用相应的野外观测方法,经过资料的解释、处理得到较好的效果。本文主要介绍浅层地震反射波法在某过江通道勘察中的地质效果。     

Measuring those who have their minds set: An item-level meta-analysis of the implicit theories of intelligence scale in education

Fixed and growth mindsets represent implicit theories about the nature of one's abilities or traits. The existing body of research on academic achievement and the effectiveness of mindset interventions for student learning largely relies on the premise that fixed and growth mindsets are mutually exclusive. This premise has led to the common practice in which measures of one mindset are reversed and then assumed to represent the other mindset. Focusing on K-12 and university students (N = 27328), we tested the validity of this practice via a comprehensive item-level meta-analysis of the Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale (ITIS). By means of meta-analytic structural equation modeling and network analysis, we examined (a) the ITIS item-item correlations and their heterogeneity across 32 primary studies; (b) the factor structure of the ITIS, including the distinction between fixed and growth mindset; and (c) moderator effects of sample, study, and measurement characteristics. We found positive item-item correlations within the sets of fixed and growth mindset items, with substantial between-study heterogeneity. The ITIS factor structure comprised two moderately correlated mindset factors ($\rho$ = 0.63–0.65), even after reversing one mindset scale. This structure was moderated by the educational level and origin of the student sample, the assessment mode, and scale modifications. Overall, we argue that fixed and growth mindsets are not mutually exclusive but correlated constructs. We discuss the implications for the assessment of implicit theories of intelligence in education.     

Introducing the DYNAMICS framework of moment-to-moment development in achievement motivation

This article introduces a new theoretical and psychometric framework describing moment-to-moment development and inter-dependencies of achievement motivation in terms of the situated expectancy-value theory, by introducing dynamical systems concepts into this line of research. As a first empirical example of a study using this framework, we examined whether task values, costs, and success expectancies measured in a learning situation (time point t) predicted themselves and each other at the next situation (t + 1; 27 min later) within a weekly university lecture.Situational task values, expectancies, and costs were assessed using the experience sampling method in 155 university teacher training students during weekly lectures for one semester, with three surveys during each weekly lesson. Data were analyzed with multilevel cross-lagged structural equation models.There were significant auto-regressions from one learning situation to the next in success expectancies and effort costs, but not in intrinsic, utility, or attainment value nor emotional or opportunity costs. There were no significant cross-lagged effects from one situation to the next in any of the measured situated expectancy-value components.As a framework to integrate dynamical systems concepts into the research on situated learning motivation, we expect the proposed DYNAMICS framework to have a substantial impact on further theory development.     

面向高阶思维培养的博物馆课程话语分析实证研究

近期,国务院相关部门出台了一系列政策,鼓励利用博物馆资源开展系列活动课程,博物馆的青少年教育功能逐渐受到重视。文章以北京科学中心的10门课程作为研究对象,采用内容分析和滞后序列分析等方法探究课堂上师生对话的特点和学生高阶思维的发展情况。研究发现:博物馆课堂上存在四种典型的对话结构,且博物馆课堂中存在大量的实践环节,衍生了多样的教育内容和教育形式;教师使用合适的引发和反馈话语,如追问、解释等,能最大限度地促进学生高阶思维发展;学生在博物馆课程中展现出高阶思维的比例约为44%,但展现的高阶思维类型不均衡。针对研究结论,提出充分利用博物馆中的教育资源以提高课堂协同知识建构水平,优化话语策略以促进学生高阶思维发展,加强制度设计以促进博物馆教育高质量发展等建议。