Young Breast Cancer Survivors’ Experiences of Uncertainty

Evidence indicates recent increases in breast cancer diagnoses among young women. Research also suggests that younger women diagnosed with breast cancer may experience more psychological distress than older women. In-depth interviews with 25 breast cancer survivors age 40 and under were conducted to explore the uncertainties young women face throughout survivorship. Results indicate that young women experience unique sources of uncertainty and that communication may facilitate or hinder the management of uncertainty across the survivorship trajectory. Implications of these findings for theorizing on uncertainty, healthcare providers’ interactions with young women, and social networks’ communication with survivors are discussed. These data also have important implications for the practical treatment of young breast cancer survivors and applied, communicative recommendations for providers are proposed.     

Communication,Uncertainty, and Volunteer Membership

Approximately 25% of Americans volunteer annually (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011). As organizational members, they face uncertainty concerning their roles, their relationships, and their organizations (Kramer, 2004). Volunteers likely face different uncertainty management issues than employees who have been the focus of most previous research. Volunteers have a different psychological contract and different motivations than employees (Rousseau, 1990). This study examined issues of uncertainty management of volunteer members in a particular setting, a community choir. In particular, it found that supervisor and peer communication and other internal factors, such as more preparation time and less difficult tasks, were associated with higher levels of certainty for members of a community choir. In addition, higher levels of certainty and additional external factors such as family support for participation and lack of conflicts were associated with higher levels of satisfaction and identification and a greater willingness to recruit for the organization. Results have implications for improving communication to increase volunteers' certainty and increasing their voluntary participation in organizations.     

Teaching Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty in Elementary School

The concept of measurement is fundamental in science. In order to be meaningful, the value of a measurement must be given with a certain level of uncertainty. In this paper we try to identify and develop the reasoning of young French pupils about measurement variability. In France, official instructions for elementary school thus argue for having students do activities of measurement, followed by treatments and analysis of the data. The notion of measurement ‘uncertainty’ appears in fourth and fifth grades. A similar approach is proposed in the USA. We present a teaching sequence divided into two parts: the first part in grade 4, the second one in grade 5, the following year, with the same students. The main sources of data were field notes, videotapes, as well as the intermediate written traces produced, individual written tests given each year and clinical interview. We showed that the pupils were capable of entertaining all three possible causes of uncertainty (the quantity being measured, the measuring instrument, and the measurer). Concerning data organization and handling, we found that after teaching, most of them were able to construct a frequency table and a bar chart from a list of N measures of the same quantity. When interpreting this type of chart, some of them were able to argue in terms of a confidence interval. We have also shown that the proposed instructional units allowed pupils to become aware of the need to repeat measurements.     

Comforting Apprehensive Communicators: The Effects of Reappraisal and Distraction on Cortisol Levels Among Students in a Public Speaking Class

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of interpersonal communication as a source of comforting on the physiological stress associated with giving an in-class speech. Cortisol was used as an objective measure of stress reactivity, and the effects of distracting or reappraisal messages were examined. Salivary cortisol was collected from 42 students enrolled in an introductory public speaking course, in five intervals. The final collection showed that participants in the distraction condition experienced significantly less stress than participants in the control condition. The discussion highlights the importance of understanding the trajectory of decay to detect the stress-reducing benefits of comforting communication.     

基于 DEA 与因子分析法的电力上市公司绩效分析

基于DEA与因子分析相结合的评价方法,对我国电力上市公司的经营绩效进行了实证分析。根据我国电力上市公司2011年的财务报表数据,以DEA方法为主导,因子分析法为辅助,首先利用因子分析法对投入指标和产出指标进行处理,把繁多的投入指标和产出指标合并成具有明确经济意义的若干个公共因子,然后应用DEA 方法计算并得出各DMU的相对效率值,从而实现对各DMU的排序,以此评价我国电力上市公司的绩效并提出改善的对策。     

地质灾害类专业构造地质学教学思路探讨

防灾减灾院校地质灾害类专业人才培养模式的特殊性和构造地质学研究对象的复杂性要求我们必须更新教学思路,改进教学方法,以满足该学科人才培养的需求。文章从地质灾害实例引入、前沿构造地质学疑难问题探讨、理论教学与科研项目结合等几个方面入手,结合教学实例详细阐述了地质灾害类专业构造地质学教学改革的总体思路。     

大豆中粗蛋白质含量不确定度的评估

通过对凯氏定氮仪测定大豆中粗蛋白质含量的检验过程进行分析,找出影响测量不确定度的因素,对各个不确定度分量进行评估和计算合成,并最终给出样品中粗蛋白质含量的合成标准不确定度及扩展不确定度。     

Research of relationship between uncertainty and investment

INTRODUCTION Real option involves application of finance op-tion in material deal. “When evaluating the value ofinvestment opportunities and optimizing strategies,rational investors will be wiser to find a method toobtain the maximal value of projects based on marketinformation than those who simply utilize subjectivepossibility or the function of utility” (Everstinefc,1981; Dixit and Pindyck, 1995; Cox and Rubinstein,1979; Amram and Kulatilaka, 2001; Galitz, 1998;Meng et al., …     

分类标引不确定性及其对策

论文分析了分类标引不确定性的类型及其原因，提出了消除或减少此类现象的方法和措施。     

Relational Maintenance,Relational Characteristics,and Relational Uncertainty in the Faculty Advisor-Doctoral Advisee Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which doctoral faculty advisors’ reports of their advisees’ use of relational maintenance behaviors are associated with the advisors’ perceived relational characteristics (i.e., liking, communication satisfaction, relational satisfaction, trust, and control mutuality) and relational uncertainty (i.e., behavioral, mutuality, definitional, and future uncertainty). Doctoral faculty advisors (N = 141) completed a questionnaire in reference to their relationships with a specific doctoral student advisee. The results of canonical correlations largely supported the predictions in that the advisors’ reports of their advisees’ use of relational maintenance behaviors were associated positively with the five relational characteristics but associated negatively with the four types of relational uncertainty. These findings extend both extant relational maintenance and advisor-advisee research.