Under the radar: Industry entry by user entrepreneurs

We inductively develop a model of the commercialization process for new products or services user entrepreneurs undertake when entering an industry while drawing on proprietary technology developed in another industry. Extending the growing field of user entrepreneurship, we identify a two-phase approach to industry entry by user entrepreneurs who start “under the radar” of incumbent firms, gain experience, attract a first potential customer base, and then, in a second phase, engage in commercialization. During this process, a community of fellow users is of major importance for the entrepreneur, serving as a knowledge pool for skills development and experimentation with different commercialization paths. We study a nascent group of firms founded by users of video games who became entrepreneurs on entering the animation industry by producing Machinima, a new film genre characterized by shooting film in video games. We explain how user entrepreneurs gain access to complementary assets (video games) for their new use (shooting film), how they deal with intellectual property issues when using other firms’ assets, and how user entrepreneurs combine domain knowledge about film production with their experience in video games and the art of Machinima. Our propositions hold implications for management and policy.     

A twin data-driven approach for user-experience based design innovation

Data-driven innovation has received increasing attention, which explores big data technologies to gain more insights and advantages for product design. In user experience (UX) based design innovation, user-generated data and archived design documents are two valuable resources for various design activities such as identifying opportunities and generating design ideas. However, these two resources are usually isolated in different systems. Additionally, design information typically represented based on functional aspects is limited for UX-oriented design. To facilitate experience-oriented design activities, we propose a twin data-driven approach to integrate UX data and archived design documents. In particular, we aim to extract UX concepts from product reviews and design concepts from patents respectively and to discover associations between the extracted concepts. First, a UX-integrated design information representation model is proposed to associate capabilities with key elements of UX at the concept, category, and aspect levels of information. Based on this model, a twin data-driven approach is developed to bridge experience information and design information. It contains three steps: experience aspect identification using an attention-based LSTM (Long short-term memory) network, design information categorization based on topic clustering using BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and LAD (Latent Dirichlet allocation) model, and experience needs and design information integration by leveraging word embedding techniques to measure concept similarity. A case study using healthcare-related experience and design information has demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach.     

Sex and Gender Similarities and Differences in Communication Values in Same-Sex and Cross-Sex Friendships

This study extends research on sex differences and similarities in communication values by examining (a) the influence of sex of friend on ratings of functional communication skills in same-sex and cross-sex friendships, (b) the moderating role of friend's sex in sex differences in evaluations, and (c) the mediating role of psychological gender in sex differences in communication values. Participants (144 men and 148 women) rated the importance of communication skills for either same-sex or cross-sex friends. Results indicate that, although men's and women's ratings of communication skills are similar, participant sex, gender, and sex of friend do exert some influence.     

非再生能源资源使用者成本:一个新的估计

对使用者成本的准确估算与补偿是非再生能源资源可持续利用的关键.本文对传统的使用者成本法做了两方面修正:一是考虑了资源开采中的耗损问题;二是强调了通货膨胀对使用者成本的影响.采用修正的使用者成本法计算了1985年-2010年中国煤炭、石油天然气等资源的使用者成本.研究发现,现行的资源税费仅能部分补偿使用者成本,煤炭、石油天然气开采中存在严重的跨代负外部性.要完全内部化使用者成本,煤炭的资源税费总额应由从量的9.2元/t提高至42.7元/t,石油天然气的资源税费总额应提高至从价的21.06％.要对矿产资源的税费制度进行配套改革,在不增加矿业企业总体税费负担水平的情况下,提高资源税费的征收标准,以实现对跨代外部成本的充分补偿.     

泛在知识环境下基于用户的数字图书馆发展目标

泛在知识环境是后数字图书馆时代努力的新目标,旨在建立新型知识基础结构,实现知识的普遍存取、共享、发现和创造。为融入泛在知识环境,数字图书馆的发展目标、建设理念和服务方式等都将发生重大变革,将真正实现以用户为核心,构建融入用户全过程的知识管理与知识应用平台,提供面向用户需求、灵活深入的知识发现机制,为用户提供无所不在的泛在信息服务。     

用PowerPoint制作“怎样利用图书馆”课件的尝试

“怎样利用图书馆”课, 是高校图书馆用户教育的重要组成部分。本文介绍了用PowerPoint 制作的“怎样利用图书馆”课件的特点、制作过程和达到的效果等。     

P2P网络信息检索的研究进展

在分析P2P网络概念和P2P网络信息检索的基本机制的基础上，基于信息检索的一般原理给出P2P网络信息检索的研究模型，并基于该模型从资源定位、检索模型及用户模型3个方面讨论当前P2P网络信息检索的研究现状，展望P2P网络信息检索的发展趋势。     

面向用户评估的公共图书馆评估指标体系构建

以人为本应该是面向用户评估的公共图书馆评估指标体系构建的首要原则,在理论研究的基础上构建面向用户评估的公共图书馆评估指标体系框架,运用德尔菲法征求专家对指标体系的意见和建议,通过对用户进行问卷调查,对指标体系进行测试验证,最后运用层次分析方法确定指标体系的权重系数.     

基于P2P的适应性信息检索系统的设计

针对现有搜索引擎的不足，提出了一个基于P2P的适应性信息检索系统设计方案，详细介绍了系统的各主要模块的功能和技术方法，进而分析了该模型的优势。     

探讨网络信息服务的新模式

从网络信息服务运行机制、网络信息服务的类型、数字化信息资源建设和用户管理四个方面,论述了现代图书馆网络信息服务的新型模式。